Habitat separation of the crab potamon potamios and the crayfish pontastacus leptodactylus in Lake eğirdir, Turkey

Limnologica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 125692
Author(s):  
Oğuz Yaşar Uzunmehmetoğlu ◽  
Miloš Buřič ◽  
Kamile Gonca Erol ◽  
Remziye Özkök ◽  
Şakir Çınar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Separation

scholarly journals Robustness of life histories to environmental variability in complex versus simple life cycles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
Habitat Separation ◽  
Simple Life

AbstractMost animal species have a complex life cycle (CLC) with metamorphosis. It is thus of interest to examine possible benefits of such life histories. The prevailing view is that CLC represents an adaptation for genetic decoupling of juvenile and adult traits, thereby allowing life stages to respond independently to different selective forces. Here I propose an additional potential advantage of CLCs that is, decreased variance in population growth rate due to habitat separation of life stages. Habitat separation of pre- and post-metamorphic stages means that the stages will experience different regimes of environmental variability. This is in contrast to species with simple life cycles (SLC) whose life stages often occupy one and the same habitat. The correlation in the fluctuations of the vital rates of life stages is therefore likely to be weaker in complex than in simple life cycles. By a theoretical framework using an analytical approach, I have (1) derived the relative advantage, in terms of long-run growth rate, of CLC over SLC phenotypes for a broad spectrum of life histories, and (2) explored which life histories that benefit most by a CLC, that is avoid correlation in vital rates between life stages. The direction and magnitude of gain depended on life history type and fluctuating vital rate. One implication of our study is that species with CLCs should, on average, be more robust to increased environmental variability caused by global warming than species with SLCs.

scholarly journals Habitat Separation of Sympatric Microcebus spp. in the Dry Spiny Forest of South-Eastern Madagascar

2011 ◽  
Vol 82 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 212-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jacques Rakotondranary ◽  
Jörg U. Ganzhorn
Keyword(s):  
South Eastern ◽  
Habitat Separation

scholarly journals Angular Substrate Preference and Molting Behavior of the Giant River Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Its Implications for Cannibalism Management

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm L. McCallum ◽  
Samad D. Weston ◽  
Yonathan Tilahun
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Financial Interest ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Disclosure Statement ◽  
Habitat Separation ◽  
Related Mortality

AbstractThe Giant River Prawn is an important commercial species from southeastern Asia and has a large global market. It has a complex life cycle in which it undergoes several molting sequences. Many arthropods require firm perches on which they can perform ecdysis. We investigated preference for substrate slope and its influence on ecdysis. We discovered that prawns occupy horizontal surfaces more frequently than others, but during pre-molt and molt stages, they shift their habitat use to non-horizontally sloped surfaces. Here, they will flex their shell and later molt. We recommend modification of cannibalism management in commercial facilities by providing sufficient vertical (strongly preferred) or high-sloped (greater than 30 degrees) surfaces to facilitate ecdysis, while providing much horizontal space for foraging and other activities. This should create habitat separation between foraging and highly susceptible freshly-molted prawns, thus leading to reduced cannibalism-related mortality.FundingThis work was supported by the USDA Evans Allen Program at Langston University, Project Number USDA-NIFA-OKLUMCCALLUM2017.Disclosure statementWe acknowledge that there is no financial interest or benefit that has arisen from the direct applications of our research.

Mating behaviour of Echinostoma caproni and E. paraensei in concurrent infections in mice

1996 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Nollen
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Mating Pattern ◽  
Echinostoma Caproni ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Concurrent Infections ◽  
Habitat Separation ◽  
As If

AbstractTen-day-old adults of Echinostoma caproni and E. paraensei, some of which had been exposed to 3-H-tyrosine to label sperm, were transplanted to mice in various combinations. Mating behaviour was followed on autoradiograms of worms recovered after 5 days by detecting the transfer of labelled sperm from labelled worms to themselves or to unlabelled worms. When single, labelled E. caproni adults were transplanted with unlabelled E. paraensei, they self-inseminated but did not show evidence of interspecies mating. No interspecies mating but self-insemination was observed when single, labelled E. paraensei and unlabelled E. caproni were transplanted together. When the labelled species had a choice of unlabelled adults of its own species or the opposite species, it mated in similar fashion to that seen in single species infections. The labelled species acted as if the opposite species was not present and showed an unrestricted mating pattern where it would both self- and cross-inseminate. Even though after transplant the E. paraensei adults were found in the duodenum and the E. caproni adults were found in the ileum, approximately 25% of the transplanted worms of both species were found within 1 cm of each other. Thus habitat separation was not a major cause of the lack of interspecies mating. Lack of reproductive recognition is another reason to separate E. caproni and E. paraensei into distinct species.

scholarly journals Morphometric variation in a hybrid zone between the weed, Silene vulgaris, and the endemic, Silene uniflora ssp. petraea (Caryophyllaceae), on the Baltic island of Öland

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 1384-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Runyeon-Lager ◽  
Honor C Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Zone ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Silene Vulgaris ◽  
Disturbance History ◽  
Morphometric Variation ◽  
Transient Nature ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Habitat Separation

On the island of Öland the weed, Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke, and the endemic, Silene uniflora Roth ssp. petraea, hybridize when brought into contact by anthropogenic disturbance. Variation was studied in transects across a hybrid zone where a linear population of S. vulgaris crossed the native habitat of S. uniflora ssp. petraea. Plants were scored for 20 morphological characters. Although individual characters showed clinal trends between weed and endemic, all plants were assignable to one or other parental species. Only 14% of the 554 scored plants showed intermediacy in one or a few characters, and ordinations showed two separate groups of samples. The low number of intermediates is discussed in terms of character choice, habitat separation, disturbance history, and reproductive ecology. The results of the study are consistent with the earlier observation that the species have remained morphologically distinct on Öland, despite evidence of sparse introgression of allozymes from weed to endemic. Disturbance is necessary not only for the creation of intermediate (hybrid) habitats but also for the establishment of the weedy parent. The transient nature of S. vulgaris populations is likely to be important in limiting introgression into S. uniflora ssp. petraea under the present disturbance regime.Key words: genetic assimilation, hierarchical partitioning of diversity, habitat disturbance, introgression, rare species, clines.

Habitat Separation by the Amphipods Pontoporeia Affinis and P. femorata near Prudhoe Bay, Alaska

Oikos ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Busdosh ◽  
Donald M. LaVigne ◽  
Gordon A. Robilliard
Keyword(s):  
Prudhoe Bay ◽  
Habitat Separation

Habitat Separation by Differential Vertical Oviposition of Two Treehole Aedes 1 in Indiana 2

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Sinsko ◽  
Paul R. Grimstad
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Separation

Environmental variation and habitat separation among small mammals

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Vickery ◽  
Stuart L. Iverson ◽  
Steve Mihok ◽  
Bill Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Species Abundances ◽  
Principal Factors ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Positive Covariance ◽  
Habitat Separation

Habitat use and population density of five species of forest small mammals were monitored by annual spring snap-trap censuses at Pinawa, Manitoba, over 14 years. Population sizes were positively correlated among species and showed no evidence of density-dependent effects. Species were habitat selectors. Habitat use by species did not vary among years. Habitat separation between the dominant species was not correlated with environmental variables or with population size. We suggest that habitat selection and positive covariance among species abundances are the principal factors characterizing the dynamics of this community.

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