scholarly journals A governance analysis of the Galápagos Marine Reserve

Marine Policy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J.S. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Governance Analysis ◽  
Galapagos Marine Reserve

scholarly journals A Governance Analysis of the Galápagos Marine Reserve

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Jones
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Governance Framework ◽  
Governance Analysis ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Galapagos Marine Reserve

The Galápagos Marine Reserve (GMR) has faced major governance challenges since its designation in 1998, largely due to the driving forces of immigration from the mainland; a heterogeneous population that has a mainland rather than an island identity; increasing demand for marine resources from global seafood markets; and the rapid growth of tourism. Until recently, the pressures related to these driving forces had challenged measures to promote the effectiveness of the GMR. Decisions taken through the participatory management structure were often undermined by a combination of civil unrest, illegal activities and lack of enforcement. A recent period of relative political stability, coupled with several new measures to address these driving forces, has improved the potential effectiveness of the governance framework. These measures include controls on immigration, the use of remote surveillance technologies to enforce fishing restrictions and a system for the improved management of tourism vessels. Whilst participative and economic incentives will continue to be important, increasing political will to promote long-term sustainability and related improvements in the use of legal incentives, including enforcement technologies and effective prosecutions for those who breach restrictions, are likely to be key elements of the governance framework. It is argued that these measures, coupled with the emergence of a more marine-aware generation of Galápagos citizens, should pave the way for major improvements in the effectiveness of the GMR, hopefully sufficiently strengthening the governance framework to withstand the major driving forces that could otherwise perturb it

scholarly journals Factors affecting relative abundance of low-mobility fishing resources: spiny lobster in the Galapagos Marine Reserve

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Murillo-Posada ◽  
Silvia Salas ◽  
Iván Velázquez-Abunader
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Spiny Lobster ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Galapagos Marine Reserve

Management of low-mobility or benthic fisheries is a difficult task because variation in the spatial distribution and population dynamics of the resources make the monitoring and assessment of these fisheries challenging. We assumed that environmental, spatial, and temporal factors can contribute to the variability of the relative abundance of such species; we used Generalized Additive Models for Location Scale and Shape (GAMLSS) to test this hypothesis using as a case study the lobster fishery (targeting two species) in the Galapagos Marine Reserve, Ecuador. We gathered data on each of the two species of lobster on a monthly basis over seven years, including: (a) onboard observers’ records of catch data, fishing effort, and ground location by trip, and (b) data from interviews undertaken with fishers at their arrival to port, recording the same type of information as obtained from onboard observers. We use this information to analyze the effect of the measured variables and to standardize the Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) in each case, using the GAMLSS. For both species, the temperature, region, fishing schedule, month, distance, and the monitoring system were significant variables of the selected models associated with the variability of the catch rate. ForPanulirus penicillatus, CPUE was higher at night than during the day, and forPanulirus gracilisit was higher during the day. Increased temperature resulted in a decrease of CPUE values. It was evident that temporal, spatial scales and monitoring system can influence the variability of this indicator. We contend that the identification of drivers of change of relative abundance in low-mobility species can help to support the development of monitoring and assessment programs for this type of fisheries.

Are boat strikes a threat to sea turtles in the Galapagos Marine Reserve?

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Denkinger ◽  
Macarena Parra ◽  
Juan Pablo Muñoz ◽  
Constanza Carrasco ◽  
Juan Carlos Murillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Galapagos Marine Reserve

Bias in evaluating the effects of marine protected areas: the importance of baseline data for the Galapagos Marine Reserve

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J. EDGAR ◽  
R.H. BUSTAMANTE ◽  
J.-M. FARIÑA ◽  
M. CALVOPIÑA ◽  
C. MARTÍNEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Fishery Resource ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Conservation Zones ◽  
Galapagos Marine Reserve

Analysis of ecological baseline data collected for key resource species within the Galapagos Marine Reserve indicates that variation in animal density associated with the location of fully protected zones can be comparable to protected area effects. Even with a high level of interspersion between conservation, tourism and fishing management zones, major differences in densities of economically important species were evident between zone types prior to enforcement of fishing restrictions. Densities of the most valuable fishery resource, sea cucumbers, were three times higher in zones that remained open to fishing compared to ‘no-take’ conservation zones, and densities of sharks were five times higher in tourism zones than fishing or conservation zones. These results highlight bias in the socio-political processes that can accompany selection of marine protected areas, where fishers attempt to minimize perceived impacts on their livelihood by locating large protected zones in resource-poor areas, and tourism operators and sport divers argue for protection of areas containing atypically-interesting features. Bias in the location of fully protected zones can seriously confound ‘control-impact’ field investigations when data prior to prohibitions on fishing are lacking, including meta-analyses, which are dominated by such potentially systematically biased studies.

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