Economic impacts of climate change and climate change adaptation strategies in Vanuatu and Timor-Leste

AbstractThis paper seeks to examine the concept of climate justice and how it is employed by different actors and for different ends. This will be done through an exploration of invocations of climate justice in discussions about a proposed adaptation strategy, namely ‘climate-ready seeds’. The impacts of climate change are often perceived as a form of injustice, because the most vulnerable regions and people suffer disproportionately while having contributed least to causing climate change. Adaptation strategies intended to alleviate this suffering can be viewed as a pursuit of climate justice. At the same time, some argue that certain adaptation strategies cause more injustice than they alleviate. Climate justice movements thus also aim to correct the injustices caused by adaptation strategies. Critics of climate-ready seeds contend that this proposed adaptation strategy is a profitable business for seed corporations, but does not benefit poor farmers. Even though different actors use the concept of climate justice for different purposes, they often invoke similar notions of ‘rights’. I argue in this paper that reliance on rights in all accounts of climate justice in discourses about climate-ready seeds plays a hand in obscuring the distinct aims and ends contained in the idea of climate justice.

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Climate Change Adaptation Strategies of Local Governments in Japan

10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.597 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kenshi Baba ◽

Masahiro Matsuura ◽

Taiko Kudo ◽

Shigeru Watanabe ◽

Shun Kawakubo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Local Government ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Local Governments ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Climate Impacts ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

Sports Science ◽

Climate Change Adaptation Strategies ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

The latest climate change adaptation strategies adopted by local governments in Japan are discussed. A nationwide survey demonstrates several significant findings. While some prefectures and major cities have already begun to prepare adaptation strategies, most municipalities have yet to consider such strategies. This gap must be considered when studying the climate adaptation strategies of local governments in Japan, as municipal governments are crucial to the implementation of climate adaptation strategies due to high diversity in climate impacts and geographical conditions among municipalities within each prefecture in Japan. Key challenges for local governments in preparing adaptation strategies are the lack of expert knowledge and experience in the field of climate change adaptation, and compartmentalization of government bureaus. To address these issues, an interview study of six model prefectures in the SI-CAT (Social Implementation Program on Climate Change Adaptation Technology) project by the MEXT (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) was conducted in order to understand the details of challenges raised by adaptation among local governments in Japan. The survey results reveal that local government officials lack information regarding impact projections and tools for evaluating policy options, even though some of them recognize some of the impacts of climate change on rice crop, vegetable, and fruit production. In addition, different bureaus, such as agriculture, public health, and disaster prevention, focus on different outcomes of climate change due to their different missions. As this is the inherent nature of bureaucratic organizations, a new approach for encouraging collaboration among them is needed. The fact that most of the local governments in Japan have not yet assessed the local impacts of climate change, an effort that would lay the groundwork for preparing adaptation strategies, suggests the importance of cyclical co-design that facilitates the relationship between climatic technology such as climate models and impact assessment and local governments’ needs so that the technology developments clarify the needs of local government, while those needs in turn nurture the seeds of technology.

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Locally based responses to impacts of climate change in pastoral landscapes of Northern Tanzania.

Climate change impacts and sustainability: ecosystems of Tanzania ◽

10.1079/9781789242966.0101 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 101-121

Author(s):

Edmund B. Mabhuye ◽

Pius Z. Yanda

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

Primary Data ◽

Ecosystem Integrity ◽

Northern Tanzania ◽

Pastoral Landscapes ◽

Legal Frameworks ◽

Climate Change Adaptation Strategies ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract The impacts of climate change and variability have manifested themselves throughout the world, but considerable temporal and spatial variations exist across various places and countries. Given the variation in vulnerability, this study was undertaken in pastoral landscapes in northern Tanzania to assess the impacts of climate change, adaptation strategies and their implications to communities' livelihoods and ecosystem integrity. It examined: (i) climate trends and associated impacts on communities' livelihood options; (ii) climate change coping and adaptation strategies adopted by selected communities to reduce the severity of climate change impacts; and (iii) the challenges associated with climate change adaptation strategies in the pastoral landscape. Primary data were collected using household surveys, interviews with key informants, focus group discussions, direct field observation using transect walks and institutional analysis. Secondary data were obtained through documentary review and theme-content analysis. Results indicate that there are slight increases in temperature and wind speed as well as decreasing trends and erratic patterns of rainfall which cause drought and extended dry spells. Fluctuation in temperature and rainfall patterns affects livestock keeping through recurrent drought that has negative implications on pasture and water availability. Communities are responding to the changes through traditional response mechanisms and have embraced a few new adaptation strategies against these climate extremes, particularly drought. Generally, strategies for adaptation are likely to be successful in the near future, subject to review and harmonization of policies, institutional and legal frameworks to harness existing opportunities for management of natural resources for sustainable development and build the long-term balance between ecosystem integrity and human needs.

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Gender, health and climate change - what role does gender play in European climate change adaptation strategies?

Das Gesundheitswesen ◽

10.1055/s-0032-1321997 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 74 (08/09) ◽

Author(s):

M Böckmann

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

European Climate ◽

Climate Change Adaptation Strategies

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Less Rain and More Heat”: Smallholders’ Perception and Climate Change Adaptation Strategies in Tropical Environments

Sociedad y Ambiente ◽

10.31840/sya.v0i21.2040 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 77-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Karla Diana Infante Ramírez ◽

Ana Minerva Arce Ibarra

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Variability ◽

Tropical Forest ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Coastal Zone ◽

Weather Forecasting ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

Seasonal Migration ◽

Forest Zone ◽

Climate Change Adaptation Strategies

The main objective of this study was to analyze local perceptions of climate variability and the different adaptation strategies of four communities in the southern Yucatán Peninsula, using the Social-Ecological System (SES) approach. Four SESs were considered: two in the coastal zone and two in the tropical forest zone. Data were collected using different qualitative methodological tools (interviews, participant observation, and focal groups) and the information collected from each site was triangulated. In all four sites, changes in climate variability were perceived as “less rain and more heat”. In the tropical forest (or Maya) zone, an ancestral indigenous weather forecasting system, known as “Xook k’íin” (or “las cabañuelas”), was recorded and the main activity affected by climate variability was found to be slash-and burn farming or the milpa. In the coastal zone, the main activities affected are fishing and tourism. In all the cases analyzed, local climate change adaptation strategies include undertaking alternative work, and changing the calendar of daily, seasonal and annual labor and seasonal migration. The population of all four SESs displayed concern and uncertainty as regards dealing with these changes and possible changes in the future.

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Farmers’ Climate Change Adaptation Strategies for Reducing the Risk of Rice Production: Evidence from Rajshahi District in Bangladesh

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11030600 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 600

Author(s):

Shahjahan Ali ◽

Bikash Chandra Ghosh ◽

Ataul Gani Osmani ◽

Elias Hossain ◽

Csaba Fogarassy

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Rice Production ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

Production Risk ◽

Substantial Impact ◽

Rice Farmers ◽

Agronomic Practices ◽

Rice Yields ◽

Climate Change Adaptation Strategies

A lack of adaptive capacities for climate change prevents poor farmers from diversifying agricultural production in Bangladesh’s drought-resilient areas. Climate change adaptation strategies can reduce the production risk relating to unforeseen climatic shocks and increase farmers’ food, income, and livelihood security. This paper investigates rice farmers’ adaptive capacities to adapt climate change strategies to reduce the rice production risk. The study collected 400 farm-level micro-data of rice farmers with the direct cooperation of Rajshahi District. The survey was conducted during periods between June and July of 2020. Rice farmers’ adaptive capacities were estimated quantitatively by categorizing the farmers as high, moderate, and low level adapters to climate change adaptation strategies. In this study, a Cobb–Douglas production function was used to measure the effects of farmers’ adaptive capacities on rice production. The obtained results show that farmers are moderately adaptive in terms of adaptation strategies on climate change and the degree of adaptation capacities. Agronomic practices such as the quantity of fertilizer used, the amount of labor, the farm’s size, and extension contacts have a substantial impact on rice production. This study recommends that a farmer more significantly adjusts to adaptation strategies on climate change to reduce rice production. These strategies will help farmers to reduce the risk and produce higher quality rice. Consequently, rice farmers should facilitate better extension services and change the present agronomic practice to attain a higher adaptation status. It can be very clearly seen that low adaptability results in lower rice yields.

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Climate change adaptation strategies, farm performance and poverty reduction among smallholder farming households in Ghana

Climate and Development ◽

10.1080/17565529.2020.1860884 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Gazali Issahaku ◽

Awal Abdul-Rahaman ◽

Joseph Amikuzuno

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Poverty Reduction ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

Smallholder Farming ◽

Farm Performance ◽

Farming Households ◽

Climate Change Adaptation Strategies

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The Impact of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies on Income and Food Security: Empirical Evidence from Small-Scale Fishers in Indonesia

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13147905 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 7905

Author(s):

Moh. Shadiqur Rahman ◽

Hery Toiba ◽

Wen-Chi Huang

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Food Security ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Substantial Effect ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

Small Scale ◽

Probit Regression ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact ◽

Climate Change Adaptation Strategies

The impacts of climate change on marine capture fisheries have been observed in several studies. It is likely to have a substantial effect on fishers’ income and food security. This study aims to estimate the impact of adaptation strategies on fishers’ income and their household’s food security. Data were collected from small-scale fishers’ households, which own a fishing boat smaller or equal to five gross tonnages (GT). The study sites were the two coastal regions of Malang and Probolinggo in East Java, Indonesia, due to the meager socioeconomic resources caused by climate change. A probit regression model was used to determine the factors influencing the fishers’ adaptation. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to evaluate the impact of the adaptation strategies on income and food security. Food security was measured by food consumption score (FCS). The findings indicated that participation in the fishers’ group affected adaptation strategies significantly, and so did the access to credit and climate information. Also, PSM showed that the adaptation strategies had a positive and significant impact on fishers’ income and food security. Those who applied the adaptation strategies had a higher income and FCS than those who did not. This finding implies that the fishery sector’s adaptation strategies can have significant expansion outcome and reduce exposure to risks posed by climate change. Therefore, the arrangement of more climate change adaptation strategies should be promoted by the government for small-scale fishers in Indonesia.

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