Loss of circadian rhythm of circulating insulin concentration induced by high-fat diet intake is associated with disrupted rhythmic expression of circadian clock genes in the liver

Metabolism ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazue Honma ◽  
Maki Hikosaka ◽  
Kazuki Mochizuki ◽  
Toshinao Goda
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Rhythmic Expression ◽  
Circadian Clock Genes ◽  
Diet Intake

scholarly journals Administration of Exogenous Melatonin Improves the Diurnal Rhythms of the Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yin ◽  
Yuying Li ◽  
Hui Han ◽  
Jie Ma ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Diurnal Rhythms ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Circadian Clock Genes

ABSTRACT Melatonin, a circadian hormone, has been reported to improve host lipid metabolism by reprogramming the gut microbiota, which also exhibits rhythmicity in a light/dark cycle. However, the effect of the administration of exogenous melatonin on the diurnal variation in the gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) is unclear. Here, we further confirmed the antiobesogenic effect of melatonin on mice fed an HFD for 2 weeks. Samples were collected every 4 h within a 24-h period, and diurnal rhythms of clock gene expression (Clock, Cry1, Cry2, Per1, and Per2) and serum lipid indexes varied with diurnal time. Notably, Clock and triglycerides (TG) showed a marked rhythm in the control in melatonin-treated mice but not in the HFD-fed mice. The rhythmicity of these parameters was similar between the control and melatonin-treated HFD-fed mice compared with that in the HFD group, indicating an improvement caused by melatonin in the diurnal clock of host metabolism in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that most microbes exhibited daily rhythmicity, and the trends were different for different groups and at different time points. We also identified several specific microbes that correlated with the circadian clock genes and serum lipid indexes, which might indicate the potential mechanism of action of melatonin in HFD-fed mice. In addition, effects of melatonin exposure during daytime or nighttime were compared, but a nonsignificant difference was noticed in response to HFD-induced lipid dysmetabolism. Interestingly, the responses of microbiota-transplanted mice to HFD feeding also varied at different transplantation times (8:00 and 16:00) and with different microbiota donors. In summary, the daily oscillations in the expression of circadian clock genes, serum lipid indexes, and the gut microbiota appeared to be driven by short-term feeding of an HFD, while administration of exogenous melatonin improved the composition and diurnal rhythmicity of some specific gut microbiota in HFD-fed mice. IMPORTANCE The gut microbiota is strongly shaped by a high-fat diet, and obese humans and animals are characterized by low gut microbial diversity and impaired gut microbiota compositions. Comprehensive data on mammalian gut metagenomes shows gut microbiota exhibit circadian rhythms, which is disturbed by a high-fat diet. On the other hand, melatonin is a natural and ubiquitous molecule showing multiple mechanisms of regulating the circadian clock and lipid metabolism, while the role of melatonin in the regulation of the diurnal patterns of gut microbial structure and function in obese animals is not yet known. This study delineates an intricate picture of melatonin-gut microbiota circadian rhythms and may provide insight for obesity intervention.

Modulatory effects of 5-fluorouracil on the rhythmic expression of circadian clock genes: A possible mechanism of chemotherapy-induced circadian rhythm disturbances

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 1616-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Terazono ◽  
Ahmed Hamdan ◽  
Naoya Matsunaga ◽  
Naoto Hayasaka ◽  
Hiroaki Kaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Rhythmic Expression ◽  
Circadian Clock Genes

scholarly journals Admistration of Exogenous Melatonin Improves the Diurnal Rhythms of Gut Microbiota in High Fat Diet-Fed Mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yin ◽  
Yuying Li ◽  
Hui Han ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Xin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Diurnal Rhythms ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Circadian Clock Genes

AbstractMelatonin, a circadian hormone, has been reported to improve host lipid metabolism by reprogramming gut microbiota, which also exhibits rhythmicity in a light/dark cycle. However, the effect of admistartion of exogenous melatonin on the diurnal variation in gut microbiota in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice is obscure. Here, we further confirmed the anti-obesogenic effect of melatonin on in mice feed with HFD for two weeks. Samples were collected every 4 h within a 24-h period and diurnal rhythms of clock genes expression (Clock, Cry1, Cry2, Per1, and Per2) and serum lipid indexes varied with diurnal time. Notably, Clock and triglycerides (TG) showed a marked rhythm only in the control and melatonin treated mice, but not in the HFD-fed mice. Rhythmicity of these parameters were similar between control and melatonin treated HFD mice compared with the HFD group, indicating an improvement of melatonin in the diurnal clock of host metabolism in HFD-fed mice. 16S rDNA sequencing showed that most microbiota exhibited a daily rhythmicity and the trends differentiated at different groups and different time points. We also identified several specific microbiota correlating with the circadian clock genes and serum lipid indexes, which might contribute the potential mechanism of melatonin in HFD-fed mice. Interestingly, administration of exogenous melatonin only at daytime exhibited higher resistance to HFD-induced lipid dysmetabolism than nighttime treatment companying with altered gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Intestinimonas, and Oscillibacter). Importantly, the responses of microbiota transplanted mice to HFD feeding also varied at different transplanting times (8:00 and 16:00) and different microbiota donors. In summary, daily oscillations in the expression of circadian clock genes, serum lipid indexes, and gut microbiota, appears to be driven by a short-time feeding of an HFD. Administration of exogenous melatonin improved the compositions and diurnal rhythmicity of gut microbiota, which might be linked to host diurnal rhythm and metabolism.ImportancePrevious studies show that a circadian hormone, melatonin, involves in host lipid metabolism by reprogramming gut microbiota, which also exhibits rhythmicity in a light/dark cycle. However, the effect of melatonin drinking on the diurnal variation in gut microbiota in high fat diet-fed mice is obscure. Here, we found that 24-h oscillations were widely occurred in circadian clock genes, serum lipid indexes, and gut microbiota. Melatonin drinking improved the compositions and circadian rhythmicity of gut microbiota, which might be linked to host circadian rhythm and metabolism.

scholarly journals Rhythmic expression of circadian clock genes in the preovulatory ovarian follicles of the laying hen

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. e0179019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhichao Zhang ◽  
Shuang Lai ◽  
Yagang Wang ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
Huadong Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Rhythmic Expression ◽  
Circadian Clock Genes

scholarly journals Association of Expression Levels of Clock Genes and Autophagy-Related Genes under Abnormal Light/Dark Cycle Stimulation in NAFLD Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Zhu ◽  
Zhengyang Wang ◽  
Bo Qin ◽  
Songfeng Zhao ◽  
Huafei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Lipid Deposition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder

Abstract Background: Environmental disorders of the circadian rhythms can lead to metabolism-related diseases or exacerbate pathological conditions. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged with a growing occurrence. In the present study, we attempted to indicate whether circadian clock may influence lipid deposition and the expression levels of autophagy-related genes in liver of mice. Methods: High-fat diet and abnormal light/dark cycles were employed to induce a mouse model of NAFLD with circadian rhythm sleep disorder. Herein, liver samples were obtained at ZT0, ZT4, ZT8, ZT12, ZT16, and ZT20 time-point to detect the rhythmic expressions of circadian genes, autophagy-related genes, and Rev-erbα. Results: Abnormal exposure to light aggravated lipid deposition in liver of mice and exacerbated disorders related to 24-h expression levels of clock genes, autophagy-related genes, and Rev-erbα. Besides, Rev-erbα could transcriptionally control the expression levels of autophagy-related genes. Conclusions: The long-term high-fat diet combined with abnormal light/dark cycle stimulation aggravated the development of NAFLD and disturbed the expressions levels of autophagy-related genes. An abnormal circadian expression may lead to NAFLD aggression. Besides, the abnormal expression levels of clock genes may create an association between circadian rhythm sleep disorder and autophagy.

scholarly journals Period 2: A Regulator of Multiple Tissue-Specific Circadian Functions

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennaro Ruggiero ◽  
Zohar Ben-Moshe Livne ◽  
Yair Wexler ◽  
Nathalie Geyer ◽  
Daniela Vallone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Light Sensitivity ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Rhythmic Expression ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Circadian Clock Genes

The zebrafish represents a powerful model for exploring how light regulates the circadian clock due to the direct light sensitivity of its peripheral clocks, a property that is retained even in organ cultures as well as zebrafish-derived cell lines. Light-inducible expression of the per2 clock gene has been predicted to play a vital function in relaying light information to the core circadian clock mechanism in many organisms, including zebrafish. To directly test the contribution of per2 to circadian clock function in zebrafish, we have generated a loss-of-function per2 gene mutation. Our results reveal a tissue-specific role for the per2 gene in maintaining rhythmic expression of circadian clock genes, as well as clock-controlled genes, and an impact on the rhythmic behavior of intact zebrafish larvae. Furthermore, we demonstrate that disruption of the per2 gene impacts on the circadian regulation of the cell cycle in vivo. Based on these results, we hypothesize that in addition to serving as a central element of the light input pathway to the circadian clock, per2 acts as circadian regulator of tissue-specific physiological functions in zebrafish.

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