scholarly journals Integrating urban traffic models with coastal flood maps to quantify the resilience of traffic systems to episodic coastal flooding

MethodsX ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 101483
Author(s):  
Indraneel Kasmalkar ◽  
Katherine A. Serafin ◽  
Jenny Suckale
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Flooding ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Traffic Models ◽  
Coastal Flood ◽  
Traffic Systems ◽  
Flood Maps

Modeling urban traffic noise with stochastic and deterministic traffic models

2013 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ramírez ◽  
Efraín Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Traffic Models ◽  
Urban Traffic Noise

Uncertainty in coastal flooding: modelling and visualisation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Maskell
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Return Period ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
High Water ◽  
Coastal Flooding ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Flood Maps

<p>Two case studies are considered in the UK, where uncertainty and drivers of coastal flood risk are explored through modelling and visualisations. Visualising the impact of uncertainty is a useful way of explaining the potential range of predicted or simulated flood risk to both expert and non-expert stakeholders.</p><p>Significant flooding occurred in December 2013 and January 2017 at Hornsea on the UK East Coast, where storm surge levels and waves overtopped the town’s coastal defences. Uncertainty in the potential coastal flooding is visualised at Hornsea due to the range of uncertainty in the 100-year return period water level and in the calculated overtopping due to 3 m waves at the defences. The range of uncertainty in the simulated flooding is visualised through flood maps, where various combinations of the uncertainties decrease or increase the simulated inundated area by 58% and 82% respectively.</p><p>Located at the mouth of the Mersey Estuary and facing the Irish Sea, New Brighton is affected by a large tidal range with potential storm surge and large waves. Uncertainty in the coastal flooding at the 100-year return period due to the combination of water levels and waves is explored through Monte-Carlo analysis and hydrodynamic modelling. Visualisation through flood maps shows that the inundation extent at New Brighton varies significantly for combined wave and surge events with a joint probability of 100 years, where the total flooded area ranges from 0 m<sup>2</sup> to 10,300 m<sup>2</sup>. Waves are an important flood mechanism at New Brighton but are dependent on high water levels to impact the coastal defences and reduce the effective freeboard. The combination of waves and high-water levels at this return level not only determine the magnitude of the flood extent but also the spatial characteristics of the risk, whereby flooding of residential properties is dominated by overflow from high water levels, and commercial and leisure properties are affected by large waves that occur when the water level is relatively high at the defences.</p>

scholarly journals Research progress and prospect of coastal flood disaster risk assessment against global climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayi Fang ◽  
Peijun Shi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Coastal Flooding ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Coastal Flood

The sea level rise under global climate change and coastal floods caused by extreme sea levels due to the high tide levels and storm surges have huge impacts on coastal society, economy, and natural environment. It has drawn great attention from global scientific researchers. This study examines the definitions and elements of coastal flooding in the general and narrow senses, and mainly focuses on the components of coastal flooding in the narrow sense. Based on the natural disaster system theory, the review systematically summarizes the progress of coastal flood research in China, and then discusses existing problems in present studies and provide future research directions with regard to this issue. It is proposed that future studies need to strengthen research on adapting to climate change in coastal areas, including studies on the risk of multi- hazards and uncertainties of hazard impacts under climate change, risk assessment of key exposure (critical infrastructure) in coastal hotspots, and cost-benefit analysis of adaptation and mitigation measures in coastal areas. Efforts to improve the resilience of coastal areas under climate change should be given more attention. The research community also should establish the mechanism of data sharing among disciplines to meet the needs of future risk assessments, so that coastal issues can be more comprehensively, systematically, and dynamically studied.

Traffic systems recovery from complete congestion by the targeted dropping of packets

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (08) ◽  
pp. 1950096
Author(s):  
Gan-Hua Wu ◽  
Hui-Jie Yang
Keyword(s):  
Shortest Paths ◽  
Arrival Rate ◽  
Scale Free Network ◽  
Packet Dropping ◽  
Traffic Models ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
Free Network ◽  
Traffic Systems ◽  
Real Traffic

Relieving complete congestion in a traffic system is an important problem. We propose a strategy to realize this, in which the packets on nodes shared by many shortest paths are dropped preferentially. A simple scale-free network is chosen to demonstrate the importance of the degree heterogeneity to the congestion problem, though this network structure cannot mimic a real traffic network. Two traffic models are simulated: in one of which, all the nodes are identical, and in the other, the delivering capacity and storing ability for each node are both proportional to its degree. Both models can give a phase transition between free-flow and congested states, while the latter model has significant strong transportation performance (a larger critical value of the packet generation rate). The strategy of preferentially dropping packets on nodes shared by many shortest paths, as proposed in this paper, can realize remarkably better transportation performance measured by the fraction of congested nodes and the average arrival rate compared with the random packet dropping strategy in the literature.

Traffic Microsimulation for Flexible Utilization of Urban Roadways

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (10) ◽  
pp. 92-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Stevanovic ◽  
Nikola Mitrovic
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Urban Networks ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
Traffic Systems

The current method of organizing traffic flows in urban networks uses directional right-of-way links to move traffic between urban intersections. Conflict resolution between vehicles is almost exclusively exercised at the intersections, which turns them into bottlenecks of our urban traffic systems. Even an attempt to model a different organization of traffic hits a major barrier, because the traditional simulation models do not offer enough flexibility to model bidirectional traffic on individual links in the network. This paper presents flexible arterial utilization simulation modeling (FAUSIM), a novel microsimulation platform designed to address this deficiency of traditional tools. The outputs from this tool are validated, successfully, in comparison with a commonly utilized Vissim model. The paper then illustrates the ability of FAUSIM to model conventional and unconventional traffic control scenarios. A combined alternate-direction lane assignment and reservation-based intersection control (CADLARIC) scenario is where directional driving paths are altered between neighboring lanes to align vehicles for decreased conflict for left and right turns at intersections where a reservation-based algorithm is utilized to process conflicts. This is compared with a conventional fixed-time (FT) control. The results of the experiments, executed on a small three-intersection corridor, show that CADLARIC significantly outperforms conventional driving with the FT control in relation to traffic efficiency (delays and stops). While the FT control generates fewer (potential) conflicting events, the CADLARIC confidently handles conflicting situations inside and outside the intersections. Future research should further validate the FAUSIM platform and investigate several other unconventional traffic scenarios with connected and automated vehicles.

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