Role of local intermolecular contacts in the physical properties of induced helical phases based on nematic disubstituted azobenzene

<p>Land degradation with its direct impact on vegetation, surface soil layers and land surface albedo, has great relevance with the climate system. Assessing the climatic and ecological effects induced by land degradation requires a precise understanding of the interaction between the land surface and atmosphere. In coupled land-atmosphere modeling, the low boundary conditions impact the thermal and hydraulic exchanges at the land surface, therefore regulates the overlying atmosphere by land-atmosphere feedback processes. However, those land-atmosphere interactions are not convincingly represented in coupled land-atmosphere modeling applications. It is partly due to an approximate representation of hydrological processes in land surface modeling. Another source of uncertainties relates to the generalization of soil physical properties in the modeling system. This study focuses on the role of the prescribed physical properties of soil in high-resolution land surface-atmosphere simulations over South Africa. The model used here is the hydrologically-enhanced Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-Hydro) model. Four commonly used global soil datasets obtained from UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) soil database, Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD), Global Soil Dataset for Earth System Model (GSDE), and SoilGrids dataset, are incorporated within the WRF-Hydro experiments for investigating the impact of soil information on land-atmosphere interactions. The simulation results of near-surface temperature, skin temperature, and surface energy fluxes are presented and compared to observational-based reference dataset. It is found that simulated soil moisture is largely influenced by soil texture features, which affects its feedback to the atmosphere.</p>

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The role of diagenesis in the development of physical properties of deep-sea carbonate sediments

Marine Geology ◽

10.1016/0025-3227(85)90134-3 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 69 (1-2) ◽

pp. 69-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Dae-Choul Kim ◽

Murli H Manghnani ◽

Seymour O Schlanger

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Carbonate Sediments

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What is the role of sporadic phloem sap nitrate?

10.22541/au.161117226.65170873/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jing Cui ◽

Andreas D. Peuke ◽

Anis Limami ◽

Guillaume Tcherkez

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Cycling ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Plant Development ◽

Nutrient Transport ◽

Substantial Evidence ◽

Phloem Sap ◽

Essential Component

Since the first description of phloem sap composition nearly 60 years ago, it is generally assumed that phloem sap does not contain nitrate and that there is little or no backflow of nitrate from shoots to roots. While it is true that nitrate can occasionally be absent from phloem sap, there is now substantial evidence that phloem can carry nitrate and furthermore, transporters involved in nitrate redistribution to shoot sink organs and roots have been found. This raises the question of why nitrate may or may not be present in phloem sap, why its concentration is generally kept low, and whether plant shoot-root nutrient cycling also involves nitrate. We propose here that phloem sap nitrate is not only an essential component of plant nutritional signaling but also contributes to physical properties of phloem sap and as such, its concentration is controlled to ensure proper coordination of plant development and nutrient transport.

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Conformational Destabilization of Immunoglobulin G Increases the Low pH Binding Affinity with the Neonatal Fc Receptor

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1074/jbc.m115.691568 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 291 (4) ◽

pp. 1817-1825 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Benjamin T. Walters ◽

Pernille F. Jensen ◽

Vincent Larraillet ◽

Kevin Lin ◽

Thomas Patapoff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Binding Affinity ◽

Hydrogen Exchange ◽

Dissociation Constants ◽

Conformational Dynamics ◽

Fc Receptor ◽

Salt Bridges ◽

Neonatal Fc Receptor ◽

Intermolecular Contacts ◽

Ph Dependent

Crystallographic evidence suggests that the pH-dependent affinity of IgG molecules for the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) receptor primarily arises from salt bridges involving IgG histidine residues, resulting in moderate affinity at mildly acidic conditions. However, this view does not explain the diversity in affinity found in IgG variants, such as the YTE mutant (M252Y,S254T,T256E), which increases affinity to FcRn by up to 10×. Here we compare hydrogen exchange measurements at pH 7.0 and pH 5.5 with and without FcRn bound with surface plasmon resonance estimates of dissociation constants and FcRn affinity chromatography. The combination of experimental results demonstrates that differences between an IgG and its cognate YTE mutant vary with their pH-sensitive dynamics prior to binding FcRn. The conformational dynamics of these two molecules are nearly indistinguishable upon binding FcRn. We present evidence that pH-induced destabilization in the CH2/3 domain interface of IgG increases binding affinity by breaking intramolecular H-bonds and increases side-chain adaptability in sites that form intermolecular contacts with FcRn. Our results provide new insights into the mechanism of pH-dependent affinity in IgG-FcRn interactions and exemplify the important and often ignored role of intrinsic conformational dynamics in a protein ligand, to dictate affinity for biologically important receptors.

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The Communicative Nature of Space in Organizations

Cultural Influences on Architecture - Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-1744-3.ch003 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 58-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Virginia W. Kupritz

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Organizational Communication ◽

Interaction Design ◽

Design Research ◽

Organizational Strategies ◽

Full Spectrum ◽

Communication Design ◽

Physical Setting ◽

Communication Needs

This chapter examines the important role of space in communication. Design scholars have long recognized the importance of context, but few have gone further than to acknowledge that space has a communicative dimension. While design research has investigated certain aspects of communication (especially some of the symbolic properties) in organizations, it has not examined the full spectrum of symbolic and physical properties of space that affect interpersonal, group and organizational communication needs. The physical setting communicates messages through its symbolic properties. Just as importantly, it supports or impedes our ability to use visual, auditory, tactile/haptic, and olfactory cues through its physical properties that help convey and interpret messages in social interaction. Design solutions that effectively utilize symbolic and physical properties of space to accommodate interpersonal, group and organizational communication needs support organizational strategies to maximize worker opportunity to perform in today's workplace.

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Mental causation

Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy ◽

10.4324/9780415249126-w024-1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Barry Loewer

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Mental Causation ◽

Causal Relevance ◽

Scientific Psychology ◽

Causal Relations ◽

Mental Properties ◽

Mental Events ◽

Physical Phenomena ◽

Completeness Of Physics

Both folk and scientific psychology assume that mental events and properties participate in causal relations. However, considerations involving the causal completeness of physics and the apparent non-reducibility of mental phenomena to physical phenomena have challenged these assumptions. In the case of mental events (such as someone’s thinking about Vienna), one proposal has been simply to identify not ‘types’ (or classes) of mental events with types of physical events, but merely individual ‘token’ mental events with token physical ones, one by one (your and my thinking about Vienna may be ‘realized’ by different type physical states). The role of mental properties (such as ‘being about Vienna’) in causation is more problematic. Properties are widely thought to have three features that seem to render them causally irrelevant: (1) they are ‘multiply-realizable’ (they can be realized in an indefinite variety of substances); (2) many of them seem not to supervene on neurophysiological properties (differences in mental properties do not always depend merely on differences in neurophysiological ones, but upon relations people bear to things outside their skin); and (3) many of them (for example, ‘being painful’) seem inherently ‘subjective’ in a way that no objective physical properties seem to be. All of these issues are complicated by the fact that there is no consensus concerning the nature of causal relevance for properties in general.

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EFFECT OF AIR VELOCITY ON INHALATION DOSES DUE TO RADON AND THORON PROGENY IN A TEST CHAMBER

Radiation Protection Dosimetry ◽

10.1093/rpd/ncaa054 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 189 (3) ◽

pp. 401-405

Author(s):

Rosaline Mishra ◽

Rama Prajith ◽

Rajeswari Pradhan Rout ◽

Jalaluddin Sriamirullah ◽

Balwinder Kaur Sapra

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Test Chamber ◽

Air Velocity ◽

Attachment Rate ◽

Inhalation Dose ◽

Decay Products ◽

Calibration Chamber ◽

Thoron Progeny

Abstract Inhalation doses due to radon and thoron are predominantly due to the inhalation of progeny of Radon and Thoron. The progeny/decay-products of radon and thoron are particulates unlike their parent gas and exhibit different physical properties like attachment to the aerosols and deposition on different surfaces. All these properties in turn depend on the environmental conditions such as air velocity, aerosol concentration, attachment rate, etc. The role of air velocity on deposition on surfaces decides the progeny particles left in the air for inhalation. Therefore, in the present work, we have studied the effect of air velocity on the inhalation dose due to radon and thoron progeny at the centre of a 0.5-m3 calibration chamber as well as on all surfaces. Hence, the studies were carried out at different air velocities, and inhalation doses were measured using deposition-based direct radon and thoron progeny sensors.

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