The effect of the cementite phase on the surface hardening of carbon steels by shot peening

2010 ◽  
Vol 527 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 5852-5857 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.B. Lee ◽  
K.T. Cho ◽  
K.H. Kim ◽  
K.I. Moon ◽  
Y. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Shot Peening ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Cementite Phase

Carburizing

2005 ◽  
pp. 163-226
Keyword(s):  
Shot Peening ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Vacuum Carburizing ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Heat Treat ◽  
Gas Atmosphere ◽  
Gas Carburizing ◽  
Core Hardness

Abstract Gas (atmosphere) carburizing is the de facto standard by which all other surface hardening techniques are measured and is the emphasis of this chapter. Initially, the chapter describes the process and equipment for gas carburizing. This is followed by sections discussing the processes involved in quenching, hardening, tempering, recarburizing, and cold treatment of carburized and quenched gears. Next, the chapter reviews the selection process of materials for carburized gears and provides information on carbon content, properties, and core hardness of gear teeth. The problems associated with carburizing are then covered, followed by the processes involved in heat treat distortion and shot peening of carburized and hardened gears. Information on grinding stock allowance on tooth flanks to compensate for distortion is also provided. The chapter further discusses the applications of carburized and hardened gears. Finally, it reviews vacuum carburizing and compares the attributes of conventional gas carburizing and vacuum carburizing.

Analysis of Surface and Subsurface Layers after Shot Peening of Various Aluminium Alloys

2010 ◽  
Vol 89-91 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Sebastjan Žagar ◽  
Janez Grum
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Crack Initiation ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Subsurface Layers

In the paper two aluminium alloys, i.e. 6082 and 7075, which were cold hardened by shot peening under different conditions, are treated. Surface hardening was carried out with S170 steel shot of the same diameter, particle hardness being 56 HRC. Other conditions were the operating pressure, mass flow, which provide different Almen intensities. The hardened layer was described by surface integrity. Macroscopic and microscopic analyses consisted in analyses of hardened profiles of hardness, and residual stresses in the thin surface layer. Research results indicated that there were significant differences among the characteristics chosen to describe surface integrity and that they had an important influence on the final condition of the surface layer. With too severe settings of the peening parameters, the surface properties got worse because of damages, which resulted in crack initiation and growth of the existing cracks.

scholarly journals Microstructure-Based Computational Simulation and Experimental Measurement of Stresses in Spheroidized Steels

2007 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 1157-1160
Author(s):  
Lei Che ◽  
Masahide Gotoh ◽  
Yoshiaki Horimoto ◽  
Yukio Hirose
Keyword(s):  
Internal Stress ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Computational Simulations ◽  
Engineering Material ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cementite Phase ◽  
Stress States

Carbon steel is the most popular engineering material, usually consisted of ferrite and cementite phases. Internal stress state of the steel under thermal or mechanical loading is strongly affected by the amount and morphology in the cementite phase. With this aim, a computational model which applies the finite element method at the microscale was used in present study. Effects of volume fraction and particle size of the spheriodal cementite on the internal stress states in carbon steels under the mechanical and thermal loadings are investigated. To verify the reliability of the computational simulations, the residual stresses in the constituent phases are measured by means of X-ray stress diffraction technique. The computational simulations fit well with the experimental data, and the microstructure-based model is validated.

Effect of Si content on surface hardening of Al–Si alloy by shot peening treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 509 ◽  
pp. S265-S270 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.T. Cho ◽  
S. Yoo ◽  
K.M. Lim ◽  
H.S. Kim ◽  
W.B. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Shot Peening ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Si Content

scholarly journals Surface hardening of IF steel by plasma nitriding: Effect of a shot peening pre-treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 260 ◽  
pp. 168-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana P.A. Manfridini ◽  
Cristina Godoy ◽  
J.C. Avelar-Batista Wilson ◽  
Marcos V. Auad
Keyword(s):  
Shot Peening ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Pre Treatment

AEM Characterization of Particles in Electrodeposited Chromium Plates

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-47
Author(s):  
Li Chang ◽  
Rung-Ywan Tsai ◽  
Shinn-Tyan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
The Past ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
A Current

Electrodeposited Cr plating has been used for steel surface hardening since 1930. It is well known that there are particles precipitated during annealing the plate. However, no direct evidence has been shown to identify the species of the particles. Despite several microstructural characterizations having been carried out about thirty years ago it is surprised that no research has been done yet for the past decade to take the advantage of the powerful strength of modern electron microscopy. The present work reports the identification of the particles on the basis of AEM study.Cr plates were deposited on plain carbon steels by conventional method using a standard solution containing CrO3 250 g/l and H2SO4 2.5 g/l at a current density 40 A/dm2 and 45°C. The plates of 0.1mm thickness were then stripped off from steel substrate by dilute HNO3 before annealing was carried out in vacuum at 600,700, and 800°C for 1 to 6 hours.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic Surface Hardening of Low Carbon Steels and Non-Ferrous Alloys

2019 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 05005
Author(s):  
Kharis Rakhimyanov ◽  
Viktor Gileta ◽  
Artem Samul
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Relative Displacement ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ferrous Alloys ◽  
Low Carbon Steels ◽  
Geometrical State

The possibility of using ultrasonic surface hardening with implementing the indenter tangential oscillations to the deformed surface to improve the quality of the detail surface layer produced from low carbon steel and ferrous alloys is considered in the paper. The mathematical description of the trajectory of the relative displacement of the instrument and the detail is presented. It is established that the important technological parameter influencing the character of the formed micro-geometry is the angle between the instrument vectors and the detail speed. The effect of the technological factors of the ultrasonic surface hardening on the amplitude and spacing parameters of the surface roughness are revealed. The results of the research showed that the ultrasonic processing at the tangential oscillations of the indenter allows forming a stable micro-geometrical state of the surface layer with low values of the amplitude and spacing parameters on the details made from non-ferrous alloys and low carbon steels.

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