Impact of exercise training on physical and cognitive function among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Context: Increasing evidence suggests that circadian and sleep parameters influence cognitive function with aging. Objective: To evaluate observational studies of sleep duration and cognition in older adults. Data Sources: A systematic review of OVID Medline and PsycINFO through September 2015, and review of bibliographies from studies identified. Study Selection: English-language articles reporting observational studies of sleep duration and cognitive function in older populations. Data Extraction: Data extraction by 2 authors using predefined categories of desired information. Results: Thirty-two studies met our inclusion criteria, with nearly two-thirds published in the past 4 years. One-third of studies indicated that extreme sleep durations were associated with worse cognition in older adults. More studies favored an association with long vs. short sleep durations (35 vs. 26% of studies, respectively). Four studies found that greater changes in sleep duration over time were related to lower cognition. Study design and analytic methods were very heterogeneous across studies; therefore, meta-analysis was not undertaken. Limitations: We reviewed English-language manuscripts only, with a qualitative summary of studies identified. Conclusions and Implications of Key Findings: Observational studies of sleep duration and cognitive function in older adults have produced mixed results, with more studies suggesting that long (rather than short) sleep durations are related to worse cognition. Studies more consistently indicate that greater changes in sleep duration are associated with poor cognition. Future studies should be prospectively designed, with objective sleep assessment and longer follow-up periods; intervention studies are also needed to identify strategies for promoting cognitive health with aging.

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Effects of physical exercise on cognitive function of older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics ◽

10.1016/j.archger.2020.104048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 89 ◽

pp. 104048 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Luiz Fernando Biazus-Sehn ◽

Felipe Barreto Schuch ◽

Joseph Firth ◽

Felipe de Souza Stigger

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Meta Analysis

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Vitamin B12, B6, or Folate and Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-200534 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

pp. 781-794 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chenbo Zhang ◽

Jianfeng Luo ◽

Changzheng Yuan ◽

Ding Ding

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Prospective Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Previous studies have indicated that B vitamin deficiencies are an essential cause of neurological pathology. There is a need to provide evidence of the benefit of B vitamins for the prevention of cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults. Objective: To examine the association between intake and plasma levels of vitamins B12, B6, and folate and cognitive function in older populations through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were used to search the literature though August 8, 2019. We included observational population-based studies evaluating the association between concentrations or intake levels of vitamins B6, B12, or folate and cognition in older adults aged ≥45 years. The quality of all studies was assessed by the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were analyzed by the random-effects model. Sensitivity analyses were conducted by excluding the studies with significant heterogeneity. Results: Twenty-one observational studies with sample sizes ranging from 155–7030 were included in the meta-analysis. Higher levels of vitamin B12 (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.61–0.97) and folate concentration (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.51–0.90) were associated with better cognition in cross-sectional studies, but not in sensitivity analyses or prospective studies. High vitamin B6 concentrations showed no significant benefit on cognition and dementia risk. Prospective studies did not provide substantial evidence for the relationship. Conclusion: The results from our meta-analysis suggest that vitamins B12, B6, and folate may not be modifiable risk factors for slowing cognitive decline among community-dwelling older individuals.

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Effects of yoga-related mind-body therapies on cognitive function in older adults: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics ◽

10.1016/j.archger.2020.104319 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 93 ◽

pp. 104319

Author(s):

Kallol Kumar Bhattacharyya ◽

Ross Andel ◽

Brent J. Small

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Meta Analysis

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Effects of resistance exercise training on redox homeostasis in older adults. A systematic review and meta-analysis

Experimental Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.exger.2020.111012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 138 ◽

pp. 111012

Author(s):

Iván Cuyul-Vásquez ◽

Lily Berríos-Contreras ◽

Stephanie Soto-Fuentes ◽

Karina Hunter-Echeverría ◽

Gabriel Nasri Marzuca-Nassr

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Redox Homeostasis ◽

Resistance Exercise Training

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Effects of dance on cognitive function among older adults: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-018-0689-6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

ASM Borhan ◽

Patricia Hewston ◽

Dafna Merom ◽

Courtney Kennedy ◽

George Ioannidis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Meta Analysis

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Effect of Tai Chi on Cognitive Function among Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/6679153 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Renjun Gu ◽

Yujia Gao ◽

Chunbing Zhang ◽

Xiaojuan Liu ◽

Zhiguang Sun

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Tai Chi ◽

Digit Span ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Clinical Dementia Rating

Background. Cognitive decline occurs in all persons during the aging process and drugs can only alleviate symptoms and are expensive. Some researches demonstrated that Tai Chi had potential in preventing cognitive decline while others’ results showed Tai Chi had no influence on cognitive impairment. Therefore, we conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of cognitive impairment patients practicing Tai Chi. Methods. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in multiple databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, MEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, PsycInfo (Ovid), CKNI, Wan Fang, VIP, SinoMed, and ClinicalTrails, from their inception to 1 July 2020 to collect randomized controlled trials about practicing Tai Chi for patients with cognitive impairment. Primary outcomes included changes of cognitive function and secondary outcomes included changes of memory functions. Data were extracted by two independent individuals and Cochrane Risk of Bias tool version 2.0 was applied for the included studies. Systematic review and meta-analysis were performed by RevMan 5.3 software. Results. The results included 827 cases in 9 studies, of which 375 were in the experimental group and 452 were in the control group. Meta-analysis showed that Mini-Mental State Examination WMD = 1.52, 95% CI [0.90, 2.14]; Montreal Cognitive Assessment WMD = 3.5, 95% CI [0.76, 6.24]; Clinical Dementia Rating WMD = −0.55, 95% CI [−0.80, −0.29]; logical memory delayed recall WMD = 1.1, 95% CI [0.04, 2.16]; digit span forward WMD = 0.53, 95% CI [−0.65, 1.71]; and digit span backward WMD = −0.1, 95% CI [−0.38, 0.19]. No adverse events were reported in the included articles. Conclusion. There is limited evidence to support that practicing Tai Chi is effective for older adults with cognitive impairment. Tai Chi seems to be a safe exercise, which can bring better changes in cognitive function score.

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