Altered connectivity of the visual word form area in the low-vision population: A resting-state fMRI study

2020 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 107302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Wenbin Pang ◽  
Linjun Zhang ◽  
Hongkai Xu ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Visual Word ◽  
Word Form ◽  
Visual Word Form Area ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Cortical selectivity driven by connectivity: Innate connectivity patterns of the visual word form area

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Li ◽  
David E. Osher ◽  
Heather A. Hansen ◽  
Zeynep M. Saygin
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Visual Word ◽  
Functional Specialization ◽  
Word Form ◽  
Visual Word Form Area ◽  
Connectivity Patterns ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Language Network

AbstractWhat determines the functional organization of cortex? One hypothesis is that innate connectivity patterns set up a scaffold upon which functional specialization can later take place. We tested this hypothesis by asking whether the visual word form area (VWFA), an experience-driven region, was already connected to proto language networks in neonates scanned within one week of birth. With resting-state fMRI, we found that neonates showed adult-like functional connectivity, and observed that i) language regions connected more strongly with the putative VWFA than other adjacent ventral visual regions that also show foveal bias, and ii) the VWFA connected more strongly with frontotemporal language regions than with regions adjacent to these language regions. These data suggest that the location of the VWFA is earmarked at birth due to its connectivity with the language network, providing evidence that innate connectivity instructs the later refinement of cortex.

High-level Integrative Networks: A Resting-state fMRI Investigation of Reading and Spelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 961-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gali Ellenblum ◽  
Jeremy J. Purcell ◽  
Xiaowei Song ◽  
Brenda Rapp
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Visual Word ◽  
Orthographic Processing ◽  
Word Form ◽  
Visual Word Form Area ◽  
Reference Networks ◽  
High Level ◽  
Reading And Spelling ◽  
Processing Networks

Orthographic processing skills (reading and spelling) are evolutionarily recent and mastered late in development, providing an opportunity to investigate how the properties of the neural networks supporting skills of this type compare to those supporting evolutionarily older, well-established “reference” networks. Although there has been extensive research using task-based fMRI to study the neural substrates of reading, there has been very little using resting-state fMRI to examine the properties of orthographic networks. In this investigation using resting-state fMRI, we compare the within-network and across-network coherence properties of reading and spelling networks directly to these properties of reference networks, and we also compare the network properties of the key node of the orthographic networks—the visual word form area—to those of the other nodes of the orthographic and reference networks. Consistent with previous results, we find that orthographic processing networks do not exhibit certain basic network coherence properties displayed by other networks. However, we identify novel distinctive properties of the orthographic processing networks and establish that the visual word form area has unusually high levels of connectivity with a broad range of brain areas. These characteristics form the basis of our proposal that orthographic networks represent a class of “high-level integrative networks” with distinctive properties that allow them to recruit and integrate multiple, lower level processes.

The visual word form area and the frequency with which words are encountered: evidence from a parametric fMRI study

NeuroImage ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 946-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kronbichler ◽  
Florian Hutzler ◽  
Heinz Wimmer ◽  
Alois Mair ◽  
Wolfgang Staffen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Word ◽  
Word Form ◽  
Visual Word Form Area ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Letters persistence after physical offset: Visual word form area and left planum temporale. An fMRI study

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1282-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Barban ◽  
Gian Daniele Zannino ◽  
Emiliano Macaluso ◽  
Carlo Caltagirone ◽  
Giovanni A. Carlesimo
Keyword(s):  
Visual Word ◽  
Planum Temporale ◽  
Word Form ◽  
Visual Word Form Area ◽  
Fmri Study

The Visual Word Form Area: Evidence from an fMRI study of implicit processing of Chinese characters

NeuroImage ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 1350-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Liu ◽  
Wu-Tian Zhang ◽  
Yi-Yuan Tang ◽  
Xiao-Qin Mai ◽  
Hsuan-Chih Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Word ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Word Form ◽  
Implicit Processing ◽  
Visual Word Form Area ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Development of the default-mode network during childhood and adolescence: A longitudinal resting-state fMRI study

NeuroImage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 117581
Author(s):  
Fengmei Fan ◽  
Xuhong Liao ◽  
Tianyuan Lei ◽  
Tengda Zhao ◽  
Mingrui Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Fmri Study

Improvement in prefrontal thalamic connectivity during the early course of the illness in recent-onset psychosis: a 12-month longitudinal follow-up resting-state fMRI study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Daniel Bergé ◽  
Tyler A. Lesh ◽  
Jason Smucny ◽  
Cameron S. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Clinical Meaning ◽  
Mixed Pattern ◽  
The Right ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Previous research in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) has shown a mixed pattern of disrupted thalamocortical connectivity in psychosis. The clinical meaning of these findings and their stability over time remains unclear. We aimed to study thalamocortical connectivity longitudinally over a 1-year period in participants with recent-onset psychosis. Methods To this purpose, 129 individuals with recent-onset psychosis and 87 controls were clinically evaluated and scanned using rs-fMRI. Among them, 43 patients and 40 controls were re-scanned and re-evaluated 12 months later. Functional connectivity between the thalamus and the rest of the brain was calculated using a seed to voxel approach, and then compared between groups and correlated with clinical features cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Results At baseline, participants with recent-onset psychosis showed increased connectivity (compared to controls) between the thalamus and somatosensory and temporal regions (k = 653, T = 5.712), as well as decreased connectivity between the thalamus and left cerebellum and right prefrontal cortex (PFC; k = 201, T = −4.700). Longitudinal analyses revealed increased connectivity over time in recent-onset psychosis (relative to controls) in the right middle frontal gyrus. Conclusions Our results support the concept of abnormal thalamic connectivity as a core feature in psychosis. In agreement with a non-degenerative model of illness in which functional changes occur early in development and do not deteriorate over time, no evidence of progressive deterioration of connectivity during early psychosis was observed. Indeed, regionally increased connectivity between thalamus and PFC was observed.

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