scholarly journals Erratum to “Estimating the effective system dead time parameter for correlated neutron counting” [Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 871 (2017) 154–160]

Author(s):  
S. Croft ◽  
S. Cleveland ◽  
A. Favalli ◽  
R.D. McElroy ◽  
A.T. Simone
1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Epstein ◽  
D.C. Thompson

Author(s):  
JR Fryer ◽  
Z Huang ◽  
D Stirling ◽  
G. Webb

Platinum dispersed on γ-alumina is used as a reforming catalyst to convert linear hydrocarbons to cyclic aromatic products. To improve selectivity and lifetime of the catalyst, other elements are included, and we have studied the distributions of Pt/Re, and Pt/Sn, bimetallic systems on the support both before and after use in octane reforming. Often, one or both of the components are not resolvable by HREM or microanalysis as individual particles because of small size and lack of contrast on the alumina, and divergent beam microanalysis has been used to establish the presence and relationship between the two elements.In the majority of catalysts the platinum is in the form of small panicles, some of which are large enough to be resolvable in the microscope. The ABT002B microscope with Link windowless Pentafet detector, used in this work, was able to obtain a resolvable signal from particles of 2nm diameter upwards. When the beam was concentrated on to such a particle the signal was at a maximum, and as the beam diameter was diverged - at the same total beam intensity and dead time - the signal decreased as shown in Figure 1.


Author(s):  
John J. Friel

Committee E-04 on Metallography of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) conducted an interlaboratory round robin test program on quantitative energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The test program was designed to produce data on which to base a precision and bias statement for quantitative analysis by EDS. Nine laboratories were sent specimens of two well characterized materials, a type 308 stainless steel, and a complex mechanical alloy from Inco Alloys International, Inconel® MA 6000. The stainless steel was chosen as an example of a straightforward analysis with no special problems. The mechanical alloy was selected because elements were present in a wide range of concentrations; K, L, and M lines were involved; and Ta was severely overlapped with W. The test aimed to establish limits of precision that could be routinely achieved by capable laboratories operating under real world conditions. The participants were first allowed to use their own best procedures, but later were instructed to repeat the analysis using specified conditions: 20 kV accelerating voltage, 200s live time, ∼25% dead time and ∼40° takeoff angle. They were also asked to run a standardless analysis.


2014 ◽  
pp. 99-122
Author(s):  
M. Levin ◽  
K. Matrosova

The paper considers monitoring of environmental change as the central element of environmental regulation. Monitoring, as each kind of principalagent relations, easily gives rise to corruptive behavior. In the paper we analyze economic models of environmental monitoring with high costs, incomplete information and corruption. These models should be the elements of environmental economics and are needed to create an effective system of nature protection measures.


2018 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Andrew Jackson

One scenario put forward by researchers, political commentators and journalists for the collapse of North Korea has been a People’s Power (or popular) rebellion. This paper analyses why no popular rebellion has occurred in the DPRK under Kim Jong Un. It challenges the assumption that popular rebellion would happen because of widespread anger caused by a greater awareness of superior economic conditions outside the DPRK. Using Jack Goldstone’s theoretical expla-nations for the outbreak of popular rebellion, and comparisons with the 1989 Romanian and 2010–11 Tunisian transitions, this paper argues that marketi-zation has led to a loosening of state ideological control and to an influx of infor-mation about conditions in the outside world. However, unlike the Tunisian transitions—in which a new information context shaped by social media, the Al-Jazeera network and an experience of protest helped create a sense of pan-Arab solidarity amongst Tunisians resisting their government—there has been no similar ideology unifying North Koreans against their regime. There is evidence of discontent in market unrest in the DPRK, although protests between 2011 and the present have mostly been in defense of the right of people to support themselves through private trade. North Koreans believe this right has been guaranteed, or at least tacitly condoned, by the Kim Jong Un government. There has not been any large-scale explosion of popular anger because the state has not attempted to crush market activities outright under Kim Jong Un. There are other reasons why no popular rebellion has occurred in the North. Unlike Tunisia, the DPRK lacks a dissident political elite capable of leading an opposition movement, and unlike Romania, the DPRK authorities have shown some flexibility in their anti-dissent strategies, taking a more tolerant approach to protests against economic issues. Reduced levels of violence during periods of unrest and an effective system of information control may have helped restrict the expansion of unrest beyond rural areas.


2016 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. 676-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Ishimura ◽  
Masayoshi Nakamoto ◽  
Takuya Kinoshita ◽  
Toru Yamamoto

2020 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-183
Author(s):  
Kengo Kawauchi ◽  
Hayato Higa ◽  
Hiroki Watanabe ◽  
Keisuke Kusaka ◽  
Jun-ichi Itoh

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