ABSTRACTInstabilities arise out of dynamic events and can lead to nonequilibrium (self-organization) processes. Ion irradiation is by nature a nonequilibrium process and hence formation of structures, metastable or otherwise is to be expected. Recently, it has been theoretically predicted that metals under ion irradiation can lead to dissipative structure formation arising out of radiation damage and their subsequent annealing. The possibility of direct observation of such structures in metals, under irradiation, is however reduced due to nonavailability of a large concentration of defects (mainly point defects) at any point of time. In this experimental presentation we show that this can be overcome through the involvement of microstructural imperfections which rearrange during irradiation. Employing microstructurally impure specimens of Fe and Ni, it is shown that heavy ions dissipate their electronic energy to modify atomic arrangements at the microstructure. The increased concentration of defects (atomic rearrangements), amenable to statistical decay is shown to produce structures in the 4-probe resistivity measurements which we assign to dissipative structure formation.
Analysis and optimization of propagation losses in LiNbO3 optical waveguides produced by swift heavy-ion irradiation