Staphylococcus cohnii endocarditis in native valve

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are part of the microbiota of human skin and rarely linked with soft tissue infections. In recent years, CoNS species considered as one of the major nosocomial pathogens and can cause several infections such as catheter-acquired sepsis, skin infection, urinary tract infection, endophthalmitis, central nervous system shunt infection, surgical site infections, and foreign body infection. These microorganisms have a significant impact on human life and health and, as typical opportunists, cause peritonitis in individuals undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Moreover, it is revealed that these potential pathogens are mainly related to the use of indwelling or implanted in a foreign body and cause infective endocarditis (both native valve endocarditis and prosthetic valve endocarditis) in patients. In general, approximately eight percent of all cases of native valve endocarditis is associated with CoNS species, and these organisms cause death in 25% of all native valve endocarditis cases. Moreover, it is revealed that methicillin-resistant CoNS species cause 60 % of all prosthetic valve endocarditis cases. In this review, we describe the role of the CoNS species in infective endocarditis, and we explicated the reported cases of CoNS infective endocarditis in the literature from 2000 to 2020 to determine the role of CoNS in the process of infective endocarditis.

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Native valve Staphylococcus capitis infective endocarditis: a mini review

Infection ◽

10.1007/s15010-019-01311-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 3-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hussam Eddin Talhat Al Hennawi ◽

Elham Mohammed Mahdi ◽

Ziad A. Memish

Keyword(s):

Infective Endocarditis ◽

Native Valve ◽

Staphylococcus Capitis

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Corynebacterium jeikeium native valve infective endocarditis case report: a confirmed microbiological and pathological diagnosis from heart valvular tissue

European Heart Journal - Case Reports ◽

10.1093/ehjcr/ytaa365 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wentzel Bruce Dowling ◽

Johan Koen

Keyword(s):

Infective Endocarditis ◽

Aortic Valve ◽

Penicillin G ◽

Peripheral Vascular ◽

Native Valve ◽

Valve Tissue ◽

Case Summary ◽

Duke Criteria ◽

G Prior ◽

Initial Blood

Abstract Background The Modified Duke criteria is an important structured schematic for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE). Corynebacterium jeikeium is a rare cause of IE that is often resistant to standard IE anti-microbials. We present a case of C. jeikeium IE, fulfilling the Modified Duke pathological criteria. Case summary A 50-year-old male presented with left leg peripheral vascular disease with septic changes requiring amputation. Routine echocardiography post-amputation demonstrated severe aortic valve regurgitation with vegetations that required valve replacement. Two initial blood cultures from a single venepuncture showed Streptococcus mitis which was treated with penicillin G prior to surgery. Subsequent aortic valve tissue cultured C. jeikeium with suggestive IE histological valvular changes and was successfully treated on a prolonged course of vancomycin. Discussion This is the first C. jeikeium IE case diagnosed on heart valvular tissue culture and highlights the importance for the fulfilment of the Modified Duke criteria in diagnosing left-sided IE. Mixed infection IE is rare, and this case possibly represents an unmasking of resistant C. jeikeium IE following initial treatment of penicillin G.

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Aspergillus fumigatus Skull Bone Osteomyelitis and Native Valve Endocarditis in a Young Boy: an Unusual Presentation of Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Journal of Clinical Immunology ◽

10.1007/s10875-020-00939-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gummadi Anjani ◽

Ankur Kumar Jindal ◽

Ashwini Prithvi ◽

Harsimran Kaur ◽

Madhubala Sharma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽

Chronic Granulomatous Disease ◽

Unusual Presentation ◽

Granulomatous Disease ◽

Skull Bone ◽

Native Valve ◽

Native Valve Endocarditis

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Clinical Features And Outcomes Of Streptococcus Anginosus Group Infective Endocarditis: A Multicenter Matched Cohort Study

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofab163 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Francesc Escrihuela-Vidal ◽

Luis Eduardo López-Cortés ◽

Laura Escolà-Vergé ◽

Arístides De Alarcón González ◽

Guillermo Cuervo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Septic Shock ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Indications For Surgery ◽

Matched Cohort ◽

Limited Evidence ◽

Native Valve ◽

Streptococcus Anginosus ◽

Streptococcus Gallolyticus ◽

Viridans Group Streptococci

Abstract Background Although Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG) endocarditis is considered a severe disease associated with abscess formation and embolic events, there is limited evidence to support this assumption. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from consecutive patients with definite SAG endocarditis in 28 centers in Spain and Italy. A comparison between cases due to SAG endocarditis and viridans group streptococci (VGS) or Streptococcus gallolyticus group (SGG) was performed in a 1:2 matched analysis. Results Of 5,336 consecutive cases of definite endocarditis, 72 (1.4%) were due to SAG and matched with 144 cases due to VGS/SGG. SAG endocarditis was community acquired in 64 (88.9%) cases and affected aortic native valve in 29 (40.3%). When comparing SAG and VGS/SGG endocarditis, no significant differences were found in septic shock (8.3% vs. 3.5%, P = 0.116); valve disorder, including perforation (22.2% vs. 18.1%, P = 0.584), pseudoaneurysm (16.7% vs. 8.3%, P = 0.108), or prosthesis dehiscence (1.4% vs. 6.3%, P = 0.170); paravalvular complications, including abscess (25% vs. 18.8%, P = 0.264) and intracardiac fistula (5.6% vs. 3.5%, P = 0.485); heart failure (34.7% vs. 38.9%, P = 0.655); and embolic events (41.7% vs. 32.6%, P = 0.248). Indications for surgery (70.8% vs. 70.8%; P =1) and mortality (13.9% vs. 16.7%; P = 0.741) were similar between groups. Conclusions SAG endocarditis is an infrequent but serious condition that presents a prognosis similar to that of VGS/SGG

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Comparative genomics suggests a taxonomic revision of the Staphylococcus cohnii species complex

Genome Biology and Evolution ◽

10.1093/gbe/evab020 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Lavecchia ◽

Matteo Chiara ◽

Caterina De Virgilio ◽

Caterina Manzari ◽

Carlo Pazzani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Genomics ◽

Species Complex ◽

Large Scale ◽

Genomic Sequence ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Distinct Species ◽

The Novel ◽

Staphylococcus Cohnii ◽

Taxonomic Assignments

Abstract Staphylococcus cohnii (SC), a coagulase-negative bacterium, was first isolated in 1975 from human skin. Early phenotypic analyses led to the delineation of two subspecies (subsp.), Staphylococcus cohnii subsp. cohnii (SCC) and Staphylococcus cohnii subsp. urealyticus (SCU). SCC was considered to be specific to humans whereas SCU apparently demonstrated a wider host range, from lower primates to humans. The type strains ATCC 29974 and ATCC 49330 have been designated for SCC and SCU, respectively. Comparative analysis of 66 complete genome sequences—including a novel SC isolate—revealed unexpected patterns within the SC complex, both in terms of genomic sequence identity and gene content, highlighting the presence of 3 phylogenetically distinct groups. Based on our observations, and on the current guidelines for taxonomic classification for bacterial species, we propose a revision of the SC species complex. We suggest that SCC and SCU should be regarded as two distinct species: SC and SU (Staphylococcus urealyticus), and that two distinct subspecies, SCC and SCB (SC subsp. barensis, represented by the novel strain isolated in Bari) should be recognized within SC. Furthermore, since large scale comparative genomics studies recurrently suggest inconsistencies or conflicts in taxonomic assignments of bacterial species, we believe that the approach proposed here might be considered for more general application.

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