Education inequalities in cardiovascular and coronary heart disease in Italy and the role of behavioral and biological risk factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Petrelli ◽  
Gabriella Sebastiani ◽  
Anteo Di Napoli ◽  
Alessandra Macciotta ◽  
Paola Di Filippo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Biological Risk

Inflammation and atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Stevens ◽  
Karen M.J. Douglas ◽  
Athanasios N. Saratzis ◽  
George D. Kitas
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Individual Risk Factors

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) associates with increased cardiovascular mortality. This appears to be predominantly due to ischaemic causes, such as myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure. The higher prevalence of cardiac ischaemia in RA is thought to be due to the accelerated development of atherosclerosis. There are two main reasons for this, which might be inter-related: the systemic inflammatory load, characteristic of RA; and the accumulation in RA of classical risk factors for coronary heart disease, which is reminiscent of the metabolic syndrome. We describe and discuss in the context of RA the involvement of local and systemic inflammatory processes in the development and rupture of atherosclerotic plaques, as well as the role of individual risk factors for coronary heart disease. We also present the challenges facing the clinical and scientific communities addressing this problem, which is receiving increasing attention.

scholarly journals Role of risk factors for major coronary heart disease events with increasing length of follow up

Heart ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
S G Wannamethee ◽  
A G Shaper ◽  
P H Whincup ◽  
M Walker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease

Role of known risk factors in explaining the difference in the risk of coronary heart disease between eastern and southwestern Finland

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pekka Jousilahti ◽  
Erkki Vartiainen ◽  
Jaakko Tuomilehto ◽  
Juha Pekkanen ◽  
Pekka Puska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
The Difference

Cholesterol and stroke

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
SN Evans ◽  
MD Fotherby
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
The Elderly

Stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD) share many risk factors, suggesting at least some similarities in pathogenesis. It is therefore surprising that the role of one of the major risks for CHD, dyslipidaemia, remains so contentious as a risk factor for stroke. Because of a lack of good clinical trials, conflicting views have been expressed on the association of lipids, primarily serum cholesterol and its subfractions, with stroke disease and the merits of preventing stroke by lowering cholesterol. Many of the issues involved are intimately related to those of managing dyslipidaemia in the elderly. If stroke occurred as commonly below the age of 65 as above this age it is likely that the necessary epidemiological and intervention studies would already have been undertaken.

scholarly journals Quantifying the contributions of behavioral and biological risk factors to socioeconomic disparities in coronary heart disease incidence: the MORGEN study

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 807-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiarri N. Kershaw ◽  
Mariël Droomers ◽  
Whitney R. Robinson ◽  
Mercedes R. Carnethon ◽  
Martha L. Daviglus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Socioeconomic Disparities ◽  
Biological Risk ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease Incidence
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