The stability and change of trait emotional intelligence, conflict communication patterns, and relationship satisfaction: A one-year longitudinal study

This one-year longitudinal study examined trait emotional intelligence as a predictor of Internet gaming disorder (IGD). To date, only cross-sectional research has been conducted to test the protective effects of emotional intelligence against IGD tendency. Based on the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model, this study aimed to address the research gap by examining not only the direct effects of trait emotional intelligence, but also its indirect effects (via depressive symptoms and coping flexibility) on IGD, with both a cross-sectional and longitudinal design. The participants were 282 Chinese university students (mean age = 20.47; 39.4% males) who voluntarily completed an anonymous questionnaire at both baseline (W1) and one-year follow-up (W2). Path analysis results revealed that trait emotional intelligence had a protective but indirect effect on IGD tendency in both our cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Depression was found to have a significant, full mediating effect on the relationship between: (i) trait emotional intelligence and IGD tendency (W2) and (ii) coping flexibility and IGD tendency (W2), after adjusting for IGD tendency at the baseline (W1). Gender invariance of the path coefficient was also observed in the prospective model. This study provided longitudinal evidence to support the I-PACE model. Interventions should address both IGD and depressive symptoms, and school-based workshops to increase emotional intelligence and coping flexibility are also recommended.

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Significance of Extreme Temperament in Infancy for Clinical Status in Preschool Years

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.154.4.544 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 154 (4) ◽

pp. 544-551 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Michel Maziade ◽

Jacques Thivierge ◽

Robert Côté ◽

Pierrette Boutin ◽

Hugues Bernier

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Clinical Status ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Positive Change ◽

Stability And Change ◽

Cognitive Characteristics ◽

One Year ◽

Long Term Prediction

Few, if any, of children's behavioural or cognitive characteristics assessed in the first years of life demonstrate stability until later childhood; early characteristics have so far failed to show an association with future psychopathology. This longitudinal study, from 4–8 months to 4.7 years old, focused on stability and change of extreme temperamental traits in groups of infants subselected from a large birth cohort. Persistent extreme temperament at four and eight months old did not increase stability of temperament to four years of age, relative to other children in the whole population. Sizeable change occurred, and the environmental parameters associated with negative temperamental change did not seem to be the same as those related to positive change. Boys with extreme scores were more stable, while girls appeared more prone to positive change. It is hypothesised that the direction of temperamental change in the first years could be more meaningful for long-term prediction of disorders than any one assessment of temperament taken at any one year.

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Stability and Change in Trait Emotional Intelligence in Emerging Adulthood: A Four-Year Population-Based Study

Journal of Personality Assessment ◽

10.1080/00223891.2019.1693386 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 103 (1) ◽

pp. 57-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hiten P. Dave ◽

Kateryna V. Keefer ◽

Samantha W. Snetsinger ◽

Ronald R. Holden ◽

James D. A. Parker

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Emerging Adulthood ◽

Population Based ◽

Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Stability And Change

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The dyadic construction of romantic conflict recovery sabotage

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships ◽

10.1177/0265407516661766 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 915-935 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katherine C. Haydon ◽

Cassandra Jonestrask ◽

Haley Guhn-Knight ◽

Jessica E. Salvatore

Keyword(s):

Conflict Resolution ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Relationship Satisfaction ◽

Attachment Anxiety ◽

Conflict Behavior ◽

Conflict Avoidance ◽

Negative Behavior ◽

Post Conflict ◽

One Year ◽

Demand Withdraw

This longitudinal study of 100 couples assessed individual and dyadic processes associated with romantic conflict recovery or how couples behave in the moments following conflict. Couples completed measures of attachment anxiety and avoidance; a conflict discussion during which affect, behavior, and conflict resolution were coded; a cooldown discussion during which post-conflict behavior was coded; and measures of relationship satisfaction and stability one year later. Recovery sabotage (negative behavior and perseveration on conflict in the moments following conflict) was associated with high attachment anxiety and low avoidance. Recovery sabotage was unrelated to affect expressed during conflict and was instead tied to whether partners aired or suppressed grievances. Consistent with the demand–withdraw conflict pattern, recovery sabotage was associated with lower actor conflict avoidance but higher partner conflict avoidance. These effects were independent of conflict resolution, which was not significantly associated with recovery sabotage when other features of conflict were controlled. Recovery sabotage and conflict resolution also differentially predicted satisfaction and stability one year later. Findings suggest recovery sabotage is a distinct, developmentally organized relationship process tied to attachment history and behavioral, rather than affective, transactions between partners during conflict.

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