Implications of bioactive solute transfer from hosts to parasitic plants

Our understanding of nutrient transfer between host and flowering parasitic plants is usually based mainly on physiological concepts, with little information on haustorial structure related to function. The aim of this paper is to study the haustorial interface and possible pathways of water and solute transfer between a number of host and parasites.Haustorial tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde and embedded in glycol methacrylate (LM), or fixed in glutaraldehyde then OsO4 and embedded in Spurr’s resin (TEM).Our study shows that lumen to lumen continuity occurs between tracheary elements of a host and four S.W. Australian species of aerial mistletoes (Fig. 1), and some root hemiparasites (Exocarpos spp. and Anthobolus foveolatus) (Fig. 2). On the other hand, haustorial interfaces of the root hemiparasites Olax phyllanthi and Santalum (2 species) are comprised mainly of parenchyma, as opposed to terminating tracheads or vessels, implying that direct solution transfer between partners via vessels or tracheary elements may be limited (Fig. 3).

Download Full-text

SORET AND DUFOUR EFFECTS ON MHD NATURAL CONVECTIVE HEAT AND SOLUTE TRANSFER IN A FLUID-SATURATED POROUS CAVITY

Journal of Porous Media ◽

10.1615/jpormedia.v19.i8.20 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

pp. 669-686 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Balla Chandra Shekar ◽

Naikoti Kishan ◽

Ali J. Chamkha

Keyword(s):

Convective Heat ◽

Soret And Dufour Effects ◽

Solute Transfer ◽

Porous Cavity

Download Full-text

Modelling of Solute Transfer to Surface Runoff

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1992.0629 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 26 (7-8) ◽

pp. 1851-1856 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. L. Lai ◽

K. S. L. Lo

Keyword(s):

Potassium Chloride ◽

Surface Runoff ◽

Laboratory Experiments ◽

Overland Flow ◽

Chloride Concentration ◽

Runoff Water ◽

Mixing Depth ◽

Change Rate ◽

Solute Transfer ◽

The Media

A mixing-based model for describing solute transfer to overland flow was developed. This model included a time-dependent mixing depth of the top layer and a complete-mixed surface runoff zone. In a series of laboratory experiments, runoff was passed at various velocities and depths over a medium bed. The media were saturated with uniform concentration of potassium chloride solution. Runoff water was sampled at the beginning and end of the flume and the potassium chloride concentration analyzed. Using this model, dimensionless ultimate mixing depth and dimensionless change rate of mixing depth from experimental data were investigated and implemented. The results showed that the Reynolds number and relative roughness are two important factors.

Download Full-text

Search for Resistant Genotypes to Cuscuta campestris Infection in Two Legume Species, Vicia sativa and Vicia ervilia

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10040738 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 738

Author(s):

Eva María Córdoba ◽

Mónica Fernández-Aparicio ◽

Clara Isabel González-Verdejo ◽

Carmela López-Grau ◽

María del Valle Muñoz-Muñoz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Production ◽

Host Plants ◽

Resistance Breeding ◽

Parasitic Plants ◽

Vicia Sativa ◽

Common Vetch ◽

Germplasm Collections ◽

Bitter Vetch ◽

Cuscuta Campestris ◽

Resistant Genotypes

The dodders (Cuscuta spp.) are parasitic plants that feed on the stems of their host plants. Cuscuta campestris is one of the most damaging parasitic plants for the worldwide agricultural production of broad-leaved crops. Its control is limited or non-existent, therefore resistance breeding is the best alternative both economically and environmentally. Common vetch (Vicia sativa) and bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia) are highly susceptible to C. campestris, but no resistant genotypes have been identified. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify in V. sativa and V.ervilia germplasm collections genotypes resistant to C. campestris infection for use in combating this parasitic plant. Three greenhouse screening were conducted to: (1) identify resistant responses in a collection of 154 accessions of bitter vetch and a collection of 135 accessions of common vetch genotypes against infection of C. campestris; (2) confirm the resistant response identified in common vetch accessions; and (3) characterize the effect of C. campestris infection on biomass of V. sativa resistant and susceptible accessions. Most common vetch and bitter vetch genotypes tested were susceptible to C. campestris. However, the V. sativa genotype Vs.1 exhibited high resistance. The resistant phenotype was characterized by a delay in the development of C. campestris posthaustorial growth and a darkening resembling a hypersensitive-like response at the penetration site. The resistant mechanism was effective in limiting the growth of C. campestris as the ratio of parasite/host shoot dry biomass was more significantly reduced than the rest of the accessions. To the best or our knowledge, this is the first identification of Cuscuta resistance in V. sativa genotypes.

Download Full-text