Fight or Flight: The Effect of Heart Rate Reactivity on Acute Stress-Induced Food Intake

2022 ◽  
pp. 113704
Author(s):  
Benedict Herhaus ◽  
Christina Bastianon ◽  
Shiwa Ghassabei ◽  
Katja Petrowski
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Heart Rate Reactivity ◽  
Fight Or Flight

scholarly journals Inhibition of BDNF signaling in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus lowers acute stress-induced pressor responses

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 633-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris L. Schaich ◽  
Theresa L. Wellman ◽  
Zachary Einwag ◽  
Richard A. Dutko ◽  
Benedek Erdos
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
High Affinity

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression increases in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) during stress, and our recent studies indicate that BDNF induces sympathoexcitatory and hypertensive responses when injected acutely or overexpressed chronically in the PVN. However, it remained to be investigated whether BDNF is involved in the mediation of stress-induced cardiovascular responses. Here we tested the hypothesis that inhibition of the high-affinity BDNF receptor TrkB in the PVN diminishes acute stress-induced cardiovascular responses. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were equipped with radiotelemetric transmitters for blood pressure measurement. BDNF-TrkB signaling was selectively inhibited by viral vector-mediated bilateral PVN overexpression of a dominant-negative truncated TrkB receptor (TrkB.T1, n = 7), while control animals ( n = 7) received green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing vector injections. Rats were subjected to acute water and restraint stress 3–4 wk after vector injections. We found that body weight, food intake, baseline mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate were unaffected by TrkB.T1 overexpression. However, peak MAP increases were significantly reduced in the TrkB.T1 group compared with GFP both during water stress (GFP: 39 ± 2 mmHg, TrkB.T1: 27 ± 4 mmHg; P < 0.05) and restraint stress (GFP: 41 ± 3 mmHg, TrkB.T1: 34 ± 2 mmHg; P < 0.05). Average MAP elevations during the poststress period were also significantly reduced after both water and restraint stress in the TrkB.T1 group compared with GFP. In contrast, heart rate elevations to both stressors remained unaffected by TrkB.T1 overexpression. Our results demonstrate that activation of BDNF high-affinity TrkB receptors within the PVN is a major contributor to acute stress-induced blood pressure elevations. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We have shown that inhibition of the high-affinity brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor TrkB in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus significantly reduces blood pressure elevations to acute stress without having a significant impact on resting blood pressure, body weight, and food intake.

scholarly journals Differential control of metabolic and cardiovascular functions by melanocortin-4 receptors in proopiomelanocortin neurons

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (4) ◽  
pp. R359-R368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussara M. do Carmo ◽  
Alexandre A. da Silva ◽  
John S. Rushing ◽  
Benjamin Pace ◽  
John E. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
The Right ◽  
Differential Control ◽  
Cardiovascular Functions

We examined the role of melanocortin-4 receptors (MC4R) in proopiomelanocortin (Pomc) neurons in regulating metabolic and cardiovascular functions. Using Cre-loxP technology, we selectively rescued MC4R in Pomc neurons of mice with whole body MC4R deficiency (MC4R-Pomc-Cre mice). Body weight, food intake, and whole body oxygen consumption (V̇o2) were determined daily, and blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and body temperature were measured 24 h/day by telemetry. An intracerebroventricular cannula was placed in the right lateral ventricle for intracerebroventricular infusions. Littermate MC4R-deficient (LoxTB-MC4R) mice were used as controls. After control measurements, the MC4R antagonist (SHU-9119; 1 nmol/h) was infused intracerebroventricularly for 7 days. Compared with LoxTB-MC4R mice, MC4R-Pomc-Cre mice were less obese (47 ± 2 vs. 52 ± 2 g) and had increased energy expenditure (2,174 ± 98 vs. 1,990 ± 68 ml·kg−1·min−1), but food intake (4.4 ± 0.2 vs. 4.3 ± 0.3 g/day), BP (112 ± 1 vs. 109 ± 3 mmHg), and HR [557 ± 9 vs. 551 ± 14 beats per minute (bpm)] were similar between groups. Chronic SHU-9119 infusion increased food intake (4.2 ± 0.2 to 6.1 ± 0.5 g/day) and body weight (47 ± 2 to 52 ± 2 g) in MC4R-Pomc-Cre mice, while no changes were observed in LoxTB-MC4R mice. Chronic SHU-9119 infusion also increased BP and HR by 5 ± 1 mmHg and 60 ± 8 bpm in MC4R-Pomc-Cre mice without altering BP or HR in LoxTB-MC4R mice. These results indicate that MC4Rs in Pomc neurons are important for regulation of energy balance. In contrast, while activation of MC4R in Pomc neurons facilitates the BP response to acute stress, our data do not support a major role of MC4R in Pomc neurons in regulating baseline BP and HR.

scholarly journals Induction of acute stress through an internet-delivered Trier Social Stress Test as assessed by photoplethysmography on a smartphone

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Harvie ◽  
Barbie Jain ◽  
Benjamin W Nelson ◽  
Erik L Knight ◽  
Leslie E Roos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Research Participation ◽  
Trier Social Stress Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heart Rate Reactivity ◽  
Sampling Procedures

Recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of administering the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) through the internet, with major implications for promoting international inclusivity in research participation through extending typical sampling procedures beyond traditional geographical boundaries. However, online TSST studies to date are limited by the lack of a control group, which may be particularly problematic for studies administered through video mediated platforms, given evidence these interactions may be inherently stressful due to a minimization of nonverbal cues and overemphasis on facial expression. Furthermore, there is a need for biological measures of stress reactivity that can be fully implemented online, as extant research has relied upon laboratory measures that must be shipped back and forth between laboratory and participant. Here, we test smartphone-based photoplethysmography as a measure of heart rate reactivity to an online variant of the TSST. Results demonstrate significant acceleration in heart rate and self-reported stress and anxiety in the TSST condition relative to a placebo version of the TSST. The placebo procedures lead to a significant increase in self-reported stress and anxiety relative to baseline levels, but this increase was smaller in magnitude than that observed in the TSST condition. These findings highlight the potential for smartphone-based photoplethysmography in internet-delivered studies of cardiac reactivity and demonstrate that it is critical to utilize random assignment to a control or stressor condition when administering acute stress online.

Perceived Social Support and Heart Rate Variability: An Integrative Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592110289
Author(s):  
Madison P. Goodyke ◽  
Patricia E. Hershberger ◽  
Ulf G. Bronas ◽  
Susan L. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Stress Buffering

The purpose of this integrative review is to explore and synthesize literature about the relationship between perceived social support and cardiac vagal modulation, measured by heart rate variability (HRV), during phases of an acute stress response to assess this potential relationship underlying the stress-buffering effects of perceived social support. A systematic search of seven databases was conducted, including MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Embase, ProQuest, medRxiv, and clinicaltrials.gov. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria and were systematically synthesized. A quality appraisal was completed for each included study. Majority of studies focused on time and frequency domain measures of HRV thought to reflect parasympathetic modulation of heart rate and identified them as positively associated with perceived social support during rest, stress induction, and recovery from an acute stressor. Results highlight the importance for nurses and other health care professionals to assess patients’ perceived social support, as increased perceived social support may contribute to an adaptive stress response.

Heart rate reactivity in attention deficit disorder subgroups

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roscoe A. Dykman ◽  
Peggy T. Ackerman ◽  
D. Michael Oglesby
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Attention Deficit Disorder ◽  
Heart Rate Reactivity

Children's heart rate reactivity responses to three school tasks

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher F. Sharpley ◽  
Geraldine M. Parsons ◽  
Helen Tillinh
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Reactivity ◽  
School Tasks

scholarly journals The mitochondrial uniporter controls fight or flight heart rate increases

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuejin Wu ◽  
Tyler P. Rasmussen ◽  
Olha M Koval ◽  
Mei-ling A. Joiner ◽  
Duane D. Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Fight Or Flight

Blood pressure during routine activity, stress, and feeding in black racer snakes (Coluber constrictor)

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (1) ◽  
pp. R79-R84 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Stinner ◽  
D. L. Ely
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Coluber Constrictor ◽  
S Peak ◽  
Hematological Changes

The pressor response to normal daily behaviors and acute stress was studied in black racer snakes (Coluber constrictor) at 30 degrees C. In addition, hematological changes during the stress response were assessed. Mean nighttime systemic arterial blood pressure (SABP) in undisturbed snakes was lower than daytime pressure (26 +/- 3 vs. 32 +/- 9 mmHg, P < 0.001). When snakes were fed mice, SABP increased 3.5- to 4-fold and heart rate increased approximately 3-fold above resting values within approximately 30 s (peak SABP, 99 +/- 18 mmHg; peak heart rate, 99 +/- 12 beats/min). Killing and ingesting the mice required 6-15 min, during which time mean SABP and heart rate were 84 +/- 16 mmHg and 92 +/- 12 beats/min. Pulmonary blood pressure also increased but remained 40-50 mmHg lower than SABP. During stress elicited by tapping the snakes for 5-8 min, heart rate was 94 +/- 6 beats/min but SABP averaged only 44 +/- 11 mmHg. Plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine increased 51- and 26-fold. Plasma glucose increased 58%, hematocrit increased 19%, and plasma volume decreased 19%. It is concluded that blood pressure is markedly affected by behavior and that the sympathetic nervous system appears to play a key role.

Beta-adrenergic receptors predict heart rate reactivity to a psychosocial stressor.

1990 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Mills ◽  
J E Dimsdale ◽  
M G Ziegler ◽  
C C Berry ◽  
R D Bain
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Beta Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Psychosocial Stressor ◽  
Heart Rate Reactivity ◽  
Beta Adrenergic
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