Role of laccase gene in wheat NILs differing at QTL-Fhb1 for resistance against Fusarium head blight

Abstract Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum are the causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereal crops worldwide. Application of resistant cultivars is the most effective and economic method for management of FHB and reducing mycotoxin production in wheat. Understanding the physiological and biochemical mechanisms involved in basal resistance of wheat to FHB disease is limited. In this research, after screening resistance levels of eighteen wheat cultivars planted in Iran, Gaskozhen and Falat were identified as partially resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars against Fusarium spp., respectively. Also, we investigated the role of hydroxyl radical (OH−), nitric oxide (NO), callose deposition, lipid peroxidation and protein content in basal resistance of wheat to the hemi-biotrophic and necrotrophic Fusarium species causing FHB. Nitric oxide as a signaling molecule may be involved in physiological and defensive processes in plants. Our results showed that NO generation increased in seedlings and spikes of wheat cultivars after inoculation with Fusarium species. We observed earlier and stronger callose deposition at early time points after infection by Fusarium spp. isolates than in non-infected plants, which was positively related to the resistance levels in wheat cultivars. Higher levels of OH− and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation (as a marker of lipid peroxidation) were observed in the Falat than in the Gaskozhen cultivar, under non-infected and infected conditions. So, estimation of lipid peroxidation could be useful to evaluate cultivars’ susceptibility. These findings can provide novel insights for better recognition of physiological and biochemical markers of FHB resistance, which could be used for rapid screening of resistance levels in wheat cultivars against this destructive fungal disease.

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Role of Temperature and Moisture in the Production and Maturation of Gibberella zeae Perithecia

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pd-90-0637 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 90 (5) ◽

pp. 637-644 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

N. S. Dufault ◽

E. D. De Wolf ◽

P. E. Lipps ◽

L. V. Madden

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Water Potential ◽

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Fusarium Graminearum ◽

Gibberella Zeae ◽

Head Blight ◽

Influence Of Temperature ◽

The Future ◽

Controlled Environments

Fusarium graminearum (teleomorph Gibberella zeae) is the most common pathogen of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in North America. Ascospores released from the perithecia of G. zeae are a major source of inoculum for FHB. The influence of temperature and moisture on perithecial production and development was evaluated by monitoring autoclaved inoculated cornstalk sections in controlled environments. Perithecial development was assessed at all combinations of five temperatures (12, 16, 20, 24, and 28°C) and four moisture levels with means (range) -0.45 (-0.18, -1.16), -1.30 (-0.81, -1.68), -2.36 (-1.34, -3.53) and -4.02 (-2.39, -5.88) MPa. Moisture levels of -0.45 and -1.30 MPa and temperatures from 16 to 24°C promoted perithecial production and development. Temperatures of 12 and 28°C and moisture levels of -2.36 and -4.02 MPa either slowed or limited perithecial production and development. The water potential of -1.30 MPa had mature perithecia after 10 days at 20°C, but not until after 15 days for 24°C. In contrast, few perithecia achieved maturity and produced ascospores at lower moisture levels (-2.36 and -4.02 MPa) and low (12°C) and high (28°C) temperatures. In the future, it may be possible to use the information gathered in these experiments to improve the accuracy of FHB forecasting systems.

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Role of Fungicides, Application of Nozzle Types, and the Resistance Level of Wheat Varieties in the Control of Fusarium Head Blight and Deoxynivalenol

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins3111453 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 (11) ◽

pp. 1453-1483 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Ákos Mesterházy ◽

Beáta Tóth ◽

Monika Varga ◽

Tibor Bartók ◽

Ágnes Szabó-Hevér ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Head Blight ◽

Resistance Level ◽

Wheat Varieties

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At the scene of the crime: New insights into the role of weakly pathogenic members of the fusarium head blight disease complex

Molecular Plant Pathology ◽

10.1111/mpp.12996 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (12) ◽

pp. 1559-1572

Author(s):

Jiang Tan ◽

Maarten Ameye ◽

Sofie Landschoot ◽

Noémie De Zutter ◽

Sarah De Saeger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Head Blight ◽

Disease Complex ◽

Blight Disease

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Progression of Deoxynivalenol Concentrations in Spikes and Kernels of Winter Wheat Cultivars after Inoculation with Fusarium culmorum

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/3644-cjgpb ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 42 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 137-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Chrpová ◽

V. Šíp ◽

E. Matějová ◽

S. Sýkorová

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Crucial Role ◽

Early Stage ◽

Fusarium Culmorum ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Head Blight ◽

Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽

High Concentrations

Progression of deoxynivalenol (DON) concentrations in spikes and kernels was studied in relation to Fusarium head blight (FHB) symptoms in five winter wheat cultivars, differing in resistance to FHB, after single floret inoculation with an aggressive isolate of Fusarium culmorum. After inoculation in field conditions the spikes were detached from the plant and kept in the greenhouse under controlled conditions. High concentrations of DON were detected in susceptible cultivars at an early stage of pathogenesis (7 days after inoculation). Over the whole examined 21-day period and also at maturity spikes contained more DON than kernels. While differences between cultivars in the accumulation of DON were highly expressed already 7 days after inoculation, differences in symptomatic reactions were not clear until day 21. Owing to the reported crucial role of DON at early stages of pathogenesis, the importance of appropriate timing of fungicide application is highly stressed.  

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