Review: More than sweet: new insights into the biology of phloem parenchyma transfer cells in Arabidopsis

Plant Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 110990
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Wei ◽  
David A. Collings ◽  
David W. McCurdy
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Cells ◽  
Phloem Parenchyma

scholarly journals Unraveling the puzzle of phloem parenchyma transfer cell wall ingrowth

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (16) ◽  
pp. 4617-4620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler J McCubbin ◽  
David M Braun
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Phloem Loading ◽  
Transfer Cells ◽  
Transfer Cell ◽  
Phloem Parenchyma ◽  
Wall Ingrowth ◽  
Experimental Botany

This article comments on: Wei X, Nguyen ST, Collings DA, McCurdy DW. 2020. Sucrose regulates wall ingrowth deposition in phloem parenchyma transfer cells in Arabidopsis via affecting phloem loading activity. Journal of Experimental Botany 71, 4690–4702.

scholarly journals GIGANTEA is a component of a regulatory pathway determining wall ingrowth deposition in phloem parenchyma transfer cells of Arabidopsis thaliana

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Edwards ◽  
Antony P. Martin ◽  
Felicity Andriunas ◽  
Christina E. Offler ◽  
John W. Patrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Transfer Cells ◽  
Regulatory Pathway ◽  
Phloem Parenchyma ◽  
Wall Ingrowth

scholarly journals Plastids features and transfer cells occurrence in the phloem of Portulaca mucronata and P. hirsutissima (Portulacaceae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. Maranhão Estelita ◽  
Tereza C. Marinho
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Transfer Cells ◽  
Leaf Structure ◽  
Primary Cell Wall ◽  
Starch Grains ◽  
Kranz Anatomy ◽  
Phloem Parenchyma ◽  
Serra Do Cipó ◽  
Parenchyma Cells

The species of the <em>Portulacaceae</em> of the Serra do Cipó, State of Minas Gerais, Brasil, were studied. In <em>Portulaca mucronata</em> and <em>P. hirsutissima</em> transfer cells are companion and phloem parenchyma cells; they have the same secondary cell wall features, that is, short papillate protuberances which are uniformly distributed around the primary cell wall. These features are similar in both species but they are very distinct from others referred in the literature; this could be useful in Taxonomy. The phloem plastids have a globular protein crystalloid, surrounded by proteinaceous filaments. In <em>P. hirsutissima</em> few starch grains may also be present, and this occurrence is considered primitive in the phylogenetic scale. These features agree with presumptive evolution of those of leaf structure: <em>P. hirsutissima</em> has C<sub>3</sub> photosynthesis structure, and <em>P. mucronata</em> C<sub>4</sub> or Kranz anatomy.

scholarly journals Sucrose regulates wall ingrowth deposition in phloem parenchyma transfer cells in Arabidopsis via affecting phloem loading activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (16) ◽  
pp. 4690-4702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Wei ◽  
Suong T T Nguyen ◽  
David A Collings ◽  
David W McCurdy
Keyword(s):  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Phloem Loading ◽  
Transfer Cells ◽  
Null Mutant ◽  
Dark Treatment ◽  
Phloem Parenchyma ◽  
Wall Ingrowth ◽  
Overexpression Line ◽  
Regulated Expression

Abstract In Arabidopsis thaliana, phloem parenchyma transfer cells (PPTCs) occur in leaf minor veins and play a pivotal role in phloem loading. Wall ingrowth formation in PPTCs is induced by the phloem loading activity of these cells, which is regulated by sucrose (Suc). The effects of endogenous versus exogenous Suc on wall ingrowth deposition, however, differ. Elevating endogenous Suc levels by increased light enhanced wall ingrowth formation, whereas lowering endogenous Suc levels by dark treatment or genetically in ch-1 resulted in lower levels of deposition. In contrast, exogenously applied Suc, or Suc derived from other organs, repressed wall ingrowth deposition. Analysis of pAtSUC2::GFP plants, used as a marker for phloem loading status, suggested that wall ingrowth formation is correlated with phloem loading activity. Gene expression analysis revealed that exogenous Suc down-regulated expression of AtSWEET11 and 12, whereas endogenous Suc up-regulated AtSWEET11 expression. Analysis of a TREHALOSE 6-PHOSPHATE (T6P) SYNTHASE overexpression line and the hexokinase (HXK)-null mutant, gin2-1, suggested that Suc signalling of wall ingrowth formation is independent of T6P and HXK. Collectively, these results are consistent with the conclusion that Suc regulates wall ingrowth formation via affecting Suc exporting activity in PPTCs.

scholarly journals Asymmetric wall ingrowth deposition in Arabidopsis phloem parenchyma transfer cells is tightly associated with sieve elements

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Wei ◽  
Yuan Huang ◽  
David A Collings ◽  
David W McCurdy
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
Phloem Loading ◽  
Transfer Cells ◽  
Companion Cell ◽  
Wall Ingrowths ◽  
Phloem Parenchyma ◽  
Wall Ingrowth ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Different Cell Types

In Arabidopsis, polarized deposition of wall ingrowths in phloem parenchyma (PP) transfer cells (TCs) occurs adjacent to cells of the sieve element/companion cell (SE/CC) complex. However, the spatial relationships between these different cell types in minor veins, where phloem loading occurs, are poorly understood. PP TC development and wall ingrowth localization were compared to other phloem cells in leaves of Col-0 and the transgenic lines AtSUC2::AtSTP9-GFP and AtSWEET11::AtSWEET11-GFP that identify CCs and PP respectively. The development of PP TCs in minor veins, indicated by deposition of wall ingrowths, proceeded basipetally in leaves. However, not all PP develop ingrowths and higher levels of wall ingrowth deposition occur in abaxial- compared to adaxial-positioned PP TCs. Furthermore, the deposition of wall ingrowths was exclusively initiated on and preferentially covered the PP TC/SE interface, rather than the PP TC/CC interface, and only occurred in PP cells that were adjacent to SEs. Collectively, these results demonstrate the dominant impact of SEs on wall ingrowth deposition in PP TCs and suggest the existence of two sub-types of PP cells in leaf minor veins. Compared to PP cells, PP TCs showed more abundant accumulation of AtSWEET11-GFP, indicating functional differences in phloem loading between PP and PP TCs.

Elemental Analysis of Phloem Tissue in Lemna Minor Root Tips

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 798-799
Author(s):  
Patrick Echlin ◽  
Thomas Hayes ◽  
Clifford Lai ◽  
Greg Hook
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Atomic Weight ◽  
Companion Cell ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Phloem Tissue ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Phloem Parenchyma ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Xylem Element

Studies (1—4) have shown that it is possible to distinguish different stages of phloem tissue differentiation in the developing roots of Lemna minor by examination in the transmission, scanning, and optical microscopes. A disorganized meristem, immediately behind the root-cap, gives rise to the vascular tissue, which consists of single central xylem element surrounded by a ring of phloem parenchyma cells. This ring of cells is first seen at the 4-5 cell stage, but increases to as many as 11 cells by repeated radial anticlinal divisions. At some point, usually at or shortly after the 8 cell stage, two phloem parenchyma cells located opposite each other on the ring of cells, undergo an unsynchronized, periclinal division to give rise to the sieve element and companion cell. Because of the limited number of cells involved, this developmental sequence offers a relatively simple system in which some of the factors underlying cell division and differentiation may be investigated, including the distribution of diffusible low atomic weight elements within individual cells of the phloem tissue.

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