The splice variant Ntr encoded by the tobacco resistance gene N has a role for negative regulation of antiviral defense responses

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobumitsu Sasaki ◽  
Masumi Takaoka ◽  
Shobu Sasaki ◽  
Katsuyuki Hirai ◽  
Tetsuo Meshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Splice Variant ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Negative Regulation ◽  
Antiviral Defense

Introns of the tobacco resistance gene N play important roles in elicitor-responsive upregulation and efficient induction of defense responses

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Kazuo Taku ◽  
Nobumitsu Sasaki ◽  
Kenta Matsuzawa ◽  
Atsushi Okamura-Mukai ◽  
Hiroshi Nyunoya
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Efficient Induction

scholarly journals Mutational Analysis of the Arabidopsis RPS2 Disease Resistance Gene and the Corresponding Pseudomonas syringae avrRpt2 Avirulence Gene

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Axtell ◽  
Timothy W. McNellis ◽  
Mary Beth Mudgett ◽  
Caroline S. Hsu ◽  
Brian J. Staskawicz
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Avirulence Gene ◽  
Disease Resistance Gene ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Hypersensitive Cell Death

Plants have evolved a large number of disease resistance genes that encode proteins containing conserved structural motifs that function to recognize pathogen signals and to initiate defense responses. The Arabidopsis RPS2 gene encodes a protein representative of the nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) class of plant resistance proteins. RPS2 specifically recognizes Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strains expressing the avrRpt2 gene and initiates defense responses to bacteria carrying avrRpt2, including a hypersensitive cell death response (HR). We present an in planta mutagenesis experiment that resulted in the isolation of a series of rps2 and avrRpt2 alleles that disrupt the RPS2-avrRpt2 gene-for-gene interaction. Seven novel avrRpt2 alleles incapable of eliciting an RPS2-dependent HR all encode proteins with lesions in the C-terminal portion of AvrRpt2 previously shown to be sufficient for RPS2 recognition. Ten novel rps2 alleles were characterized with mutations in the NBS and the LRR. Several of these alleles code for point mutations in motifs that are conserved among NBS-LRR resistance genes, including the third LRR, which suggests the importance of these motifs for resistance gene function.

scholarly journals Small RNAs and Gene Network in a Durable Disease Resistance Gene—Mediated Defense Responses in Rice

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e0137360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanming Hong ◽  
Yanyan Liu ◽  
Haitao Zhang ◽  
Jinghua Xiao ◽  
Xianghua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Gene Network ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Disease Resistance Gene ◽  
Durable Disease Resistance

scholarly journals Analysis of Resistance Gene-Mediated Defense Responses in Arabidopsis thaliana Plants Carrying a Mutation in CPR5

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1196-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Boch ◽  
Michelle L. Verbsky ◽  
Tara L. Robertson ◽  
John C. Larkin ◽  
Barbara N. Kunkel
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Suppressor Mutations ◽  
Defense Related Gene ◽  
Rapid Activation

In resistant plants, pathogen attack often leads to rapid activation of defense responses that limit multiplication and spread of the pathogen. To investigate the signaling mechanisms underlying this process, we carried out a screen for mutants in the signaling pathway governing resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. This involved screening for suppressor mutations that restored resistance to a susceptible line carrying a mutation in the RPS2 resistance gene. A mutant that conferred resistance by activating defense responses in the absence of pathogens was isolated. This mutant, which carries a mutation at the CPR5 locus and was thus designated cpr5-2, exhibited resistance to P. syringae, spontaneous development of necrotic lesions, elevated PR gene expression in the absence of pathogens, and abnormal trichomes. Resistance gene-mediated defenses, including the hypersensitive response, restriction of pathogen growth, and induction of defense-related gene expression, were functional in cpr5-2 mutant plants. Additionally, in cpr5-2 plants RPS2-mediated induction of PR-1 expression was enhanced, whereas RPM1-mediated induction of ELI3 was not. These findings suggest that CPR5 encodes a negative regulator of the RPS2 signal transduc-tion pathway.

scholarly journals Tobacco Transgenic for the Flax Rust Resistance Gene L Expresses Allele-Specific Activation of Defense Responses

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Frost ◽  
Heather Way ◽  
Paul Howles ◽  
Joanne Luck ◽  
John Manners ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Rust Resistance Gene ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Allele Specific

Tobacco was transformed with three different alleles (L2, L6, and L10) of the flax rust resistance gene L, a member of the toll interleukin-1 receptor, nucleotide-binding site, leucine-rich repeat (TIR-NBS-LRR) class of plant disease resistance genes. L6 transgenics had a stunted phenotype, expressed several defense response genes constitutively, and had increased resistance to the fungus Cercospora nicotianae and the oomycete Phytophthora parasitica pv. nicotianae. L2 and L10 transgenics, with one exception for L10, did not express these phenotypes, indicating that the activation of tobacco defense responses is L6 allele-specific. The phenotype of the exceptional L10 transgenic plant was associated with the presence of a truncated L10 gene resulting from an aberrant T-DNA integration. The truncated gene consisted of the promoter, the complete TIR region, and 39 codons of the NBS domain fused in-frame to a tobacco retrotransposon-like sequence. A similar truncated L10 gene, constructed in vitro, was transiently expressed in tobacco leaves and gave rise to a strong localized necrotic reaction. Together, these results suggest that defense signaling properties of resistance genes can be expressed in an allele-specific and pathogen-independent manner when transferred between plant genera.

Functional characterization of the Arabidopsis disease resistance gene RPS4

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Xue-Cheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Protein Stability ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Alternative Transcript ◽  
Disease Resistance Gene ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Multiple Transcripts

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] The Arabidopsis disease resistance gene RPS4 activates defense responses to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000 expressing avrRps4 in a gene-for-gene specific manner. Like other plant TIRNBS-LRR resistance genes, RPS4 produces multiple transcripts via alternative splicing. Alternative RPS4 transcripts are predominantly generated by intron retention. First, the biological significance of these alternative transcripts in disease resistance was analyzed. It was shown that alternative RPS4 transcripts are required for complete function and that RPS4-mediated resistance requires the combined presence of multiple transcripts encoding both full-length and truncated open reading frames. Interestingly, the dominant alternative transcript is the only alternative transcript whose abundance relative to the regular transcript undergoes dramatic and dynamic changes during the resistance response. Furthermore, RPS4 expression is induced by AvrRps4 and an unrelated effector, HopPsyA, in an EDS1-dependent manner. These data suggest that rapid gene induction and changes in transcript ratios might be under coordinated regulation that are important to fine-tune RPS4-mediated resistance. Our previous data showed that removal of one intron abolished RPS4 function. However, no significant changes of transcript ratios in intron-deficient transgenic rps4-1 plants were observed compared to rps4-1 expressing a wild type genomic transgene, suggesting that the artificial removal of one intron has no effect on the splicing frequency of other introns. In consistent with our previous data, analyses on secondary RNA structures suggest that alternative RPS4 transcripts function at protein level. Of the three expected truncated RPS4 proteins, only one was detected and stable in vivo, indicating that RPS4 protein stability or activity is regulated. In summary, RPS4 function is regulated at multiple levels including gene expression, alternative splicing and protein stability or activity.

Resistance Gene-Dependent Plant Defense Responses

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim E. Hammond-Kosack ◽  
Jonathan D. G. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Plant Defense Responses
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