Methods for modifying proton exchange membranes using the sol–gel process

Polymer ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 4504-4509 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C. Klein ◽  
Y. Daiko ◽  
M. Aparicio ◽  
F. Damay
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Sol Gel Process

SPES-SiO2 hybrid proton exchange membranes from in situ sol-gel process of negatively charged alkoxysilane

2011 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuiming Wu ◽  
Xinle Xiao ◽  
Wenchang Xiao ◽  
Yonghui Wu ◽  
Peng Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Sol Gel Process

Sol-Gel Process for Proton Exchange Membranes

2008 ◽  
Vol 391 ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa C. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The sol-gel process has been used to modify the electrolyte membrane used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). Recent progress is reported in the synthesis of hybrid membranes involving Nafion®. These membranes have been prepared by infiltration and recasting, and contain silicates, phosphosilicates, zirconium phosphosilicates, titanosilicates, or phosphotungstates.

scholarly journals Sol-gel route: An original strategy to chemically stabilize proton exchange membranes for fuel cell

2020 ◽  
Vol 462 ◽  
pp. 228164
Author(s):  
N. Huynh ◽  
J.P. Cosas Fernandes ◽  
P.A. Bayle ◽  
M. Bardet ◽  
E. Espuche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange

Sol-Gel SiO2-Polymer Hybrid Heteropoly Acid-Based Proton-Exchange Membranes

2005 ◽  
Vol 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. John Pern ◽  
John A. Turner ◽  
Fanqin Meng ◽  
Andrew M. Herring
Keyword(s):  
Heteropoly Acid ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetric ◽  
Host Matrix ◽  
Polymer Hybrid ◽  
Cross Linker ◽  
Methacrylate Copolymer

ABSTRACTHeteropoly silicotungstic acid (STA)-based, cross-linked hybrid proton exchange membranes for intermediate-temperature (80°-120°C) fuel cell applications were fabricated by incorporating STA in a host matrix of binding silane, SiO2 sol gel, ethylene methacrylate copolymer containing glycidyl methacrylate groups (PMG), and molecular cross-linker. The STA loading level relative to the sum of the PMG and a cross-linker exceeded 100 weight%. Upon curing at 145° under pressure, the composite membranes were nearly 100% cross-linked and were flexible, showed high thermal and chemical stability against Fenton’s reagent, and exhibited a break-in behavior during cyclic voltammetric (CV) scans. The best proton conductivity, which was obtained from CV results, decreased from ∼8-15 mS/cm at 80°C and 100% relative humidity (RH), to ∼1.5 mS/cm at 100°C and 46% RH, and ∼0.25 mS/cm at 120°C and 23%RH.

The crystallization of thin-film ceramics

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
J.M. Schwartz ◽  
L.F. Francis ◽  
L.D. Schmidt ◽  
P.S. Schabes-Retchkiman
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Processing Route ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Ceramic Thin Films ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Ceramic Precursors ◽  
Crystalline Ceramic

Ceramic thin films and coatings are of interest for electrical, optical, magnetic and thermal barrier applications. Critical for improved properties in thin films is the development of specific microstructures during processing. To this end, the sol-gel method is advantageous as a versatile processing route. The sol-gel process involves depositing a solution containing metalorganic or colloidal ceramic precursors onto a substrate and heating the deposited layer to form a crystalline or non-crystalline ceramic coating. This route has several advantages, including the ability to create tailored microstructures and properties, to coat large or small areas, simple or complex shapes, and to more easily prepare multicomponent ceramics. Sol-gel derived coatings are amorphous in the as-deposited state and develop their crystalline structure and microstructure during heat-treatment. We are particularly interested in studying the amorphous to crystalline transformation, because many key features of the microstructure such as grain size and grain size distribution may be linked to this transformation.

Epitaxial Growth of Sr0.3Ba0.7Nb2O6 Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Process

1999 ◽  
Vol 606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishi Nishio ◽  
Jirawat Thongrueng ◽  
Yuichi Watanabe ◽  
Toshio Tsuchiya
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Tungsten Bronze ◽  
Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Tetragonal Tungsten Bronze ◽  
Sol Gel Process

AbstructWe succeeded in the preparation of strontium-barium niobate (Sr0.3Ba0.7Nb2O6 : SBN30)that have a tetragonal tungsten bronze type structure thin films on SrTiO3 (100), STO, or La doped SrTiO3 (100), LSTO, single crystal substrates by a spin coating process. LSTO substrate can be used for electrode. A homogeneous coating solution was prepared with Sr and Ba acetates and Nb(OEt)5 as raw materials, and acetic acid and diethylene glycol monomethyl ether as solvents. The coating thin films were sintered at temperature from 700 to 1000°C for 10 min in air. It was confirmed that the thin films on STO substrate sintered above 700°C were in the epitaxial growth because the 16 diffraction spots were observed on the pole figure using (121) reflection. The <130> and <310> direction of the thin film on STO were oriented with the c-axis in parallel to the substrate surface. However, the diffraction spots of thin film on LSTO substrate sintered at 700°C were corresponds to the expected pattern for (110).

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