Sol-Gel SiO2-Polymer Hybrid Heteropoly Acid-Based Proton-Exchange Membranes

2005 ◽  
Vol 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. John Pern ◽  
John A. Turner ◽  
Fanqin Meng ◽  
Andrew M. Herring
Keyword(s):  
Heteropoly Acid ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetric ◽  
Host Matrix ◽  
Polymer Hybrid ◽  
Cross Linker ◽  
Methacrylate Copolymer

ABSTRACTHeteropoly silicotungstic acid (STA)-based, cross-linked hybrid proton exchange membranes for intermediate-temperature (80°-120°C) fuel cell applications were fabricated by incorporating STA in a host matrix of binding silane, SiO2 sol gel, ethylene methacrylate copolymer containing glycidyl methacrylate groups (PMG), and molecular cross-linker. The STA loading level relative to the sum of the PMG and a cross-linker exceeded 100 weight%. Upon curing at 145° under pressure, the composite membranes were nearly 100% cross-linked and were flexible, showed high thermal and chemical stability against Fenton’s reagent, and exhibited a break-in behavior during cyclic voltammetric (CV) scans. The best proton conductivity, which was obtained from CV results, decreased from ∼8-15 mS/cm at 80°C and 100% relative humidity (RH), to ∼1.5 mS/cm at 100°C and 46% RH, and ∼0.25 mS/cm at 120°C and 23%RH.

Methods for modifying proton exchange membranes using the sol–gel process

Polymer ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 4504-4509 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C. Klein ◽  
Y. Daiko ◽  
M. Aparicio ◽  
F. Damay
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Sol Gel Process

As an Alternative Membrane: Functional NanoParticles/Polymer Composites Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC)

2013 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
Ayhan Bozkurt ◽  
Ayşe Aslan
Keyword(s):  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Host Matrix ◽  
Functional Nanoparticles ◽  
Uptake Studies ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Novel proton conducting nanocomposite membranes included binary and ternary mixtures of acid modified nanotitania particles particles with polymers such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA),pol (vinyl phosphonic acid), sulfonated polysulfone (SPSU) and poly (1-vinyl 1,2,4-triazole) (PVTri) . The interaction of functional nanoparticles with the host matrix were searched by FT-IR spectroscopy. The homogeneous distribution of functional nanoparticles in the membranes was confirmed by SEM micrographs. The spectroscopic measurements and water/methanol uptake studies suggested a complexation between polymers and sulphonic acid that inhibited the leaching out of acidic units. The TGA results verified that the presence of modified nanoparticles in the composite membranes the thermel stability of the membranes enhanced up to above 200 °C.

scholarly journals Design of Promising Green Cation-Exchange-Membranes-Based Sulfonated PVA and Doped with Nano Sulfated Zirconia for Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4205
Author(s):  
Marwa H. Gouda ◽  
Noha A. Elessawy ◽  
Sami A. Al-Hussain ◽  
Arafat Toghan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Sulfated Zirconia ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Binary Polymer ◽  
Physicochemical Features ◽  
Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells

The direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC) is a low-temperature fuel cell that requires the development of affordable price and efficient proton exchange membranes for commercial purposes. In this context, super-acidic sulfated zirconia (SO4ZrO2) was embedded into a cheap and environmentally friendly binary polymer blend, developed from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and iota carrageenan (IC). The percentage of SO4ZrO2 ranged between 1 and 7.5 wt.% in the polymeric matrix. The study findings revealed that the composite membranes’ physicochemical features improved by adding increasing amounts of SO4ZrO2. In addition, there was a decrease in the permeability and swelling ratio of the borohydride membranes as the SO4ZrO2 weight% increased. Interestingly, the power density increased to 76 mW cm−2 at 150 mA cm−2, with 7.5 wt.% SO4ZrO2, which is very close to that of Nafion117 (91 mW cm−2). This apparent selectivity, combined with the low cost of the eco-friendly fabricated membranes, points out that DBFC has promising future applications.

Compatible ionic crosslinking composite membranes based on SPEEK and PBI for high temperature proton exchange membranes

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (28) ◽  
pp. 12069-12081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingfeng Song ◽  
Xuewei Lu ◽  
Zhongfang Li ◽  
Guohong Liu ◽  
Xiaoyan Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Ionic Crosslinking

scholarly journals Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Based on Nafion and a Superacidic Inorganic Additive for Fuel Cell Applications

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Mazzapioda ◽  
Stefania Panero ◽  
Maria Assunta Navarra
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Thermal Transitions ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Electrolyte Membranes

Nafion composite membranes, containing different amounts of mesoporous sulfated titanium oxide (TiO2-SO4) were prepared by solvent-casting and tested in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), operating at very low humidification levels. The TiO2-SO4 additive was originally synthesized by a sol-gel method and characterized through x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and ion exchange capacity (IEC). Peculiar properties of the composite membranes, such as the thermal transitions and ion exchange capacity, were investigated and here discussed. When used as an electrolyte in the fuel cell, the composite membrane guaranteed an improvement with respect to bare Nafion systems at 30% relative humidity and 110 °C, exhibiting higher power and current densities.

scholarly journals Nafion phosphonic acid composite membranes for proton exchange membranes fuel cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 487 ◽  
pp. 889-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima C. Teixeira ◽  
Ana I. de Sá ◽  
António P.S. Teixeira ◽  
C.M. Rangel
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Phosphonic Acid ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange

scholarly journals Immobilisation and Release of Radical Scavengers on Nanoclays for Chemical Reinforcement of Proton Exchange Membranes

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Alia Akrout ◽  
Aude Delrue ◽  
Marta Zatoń ◽  
Fanny Duquet ◽  
Francesco Spanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Ceo2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavengers ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
High Proton Conductivity ◽  
High Proton ◽  
Radical Attack

Mechanical and chemical stability of proton exchange membranes are crucial requirements for the development of fuel cells for durable energy conversion. To tackle this challenge, bi-functional nanoclays grafted with amino groups and with embedded radical scavengers, that is, CeO2 nanoparticles were incorporated into Aquivion® ionomer. The composite membranes presented high proton conductivity and increased stability to radical attack compared to non-modified Aquivion membranes, demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach based on radical scavenger immobilisation and release from clay nanocontainers.

scholarly journals Amino-functionalized mesoporous silica based polyethersulfone–polyvinylpyrrolidone composite membranes for elevated temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (89) ◽  
pp. 86575-86585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Shanfu Lu ◽  
Haijin Zhu ◽  
Kongfa Chen ◽  
Yan Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
High Proton Conductivity ◽  
Functionalized Mesoporous Silica ◽  
High Proton ◽  
Exchange Membrane

It is important to find alternative membranes to the state-of-the-art polybenzimidazole based high temperature proton exchange membranes with high proton conductivity at elevated temperature but with simple synthesis procedures.

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