scholarly journals Reducing Wear during Coalescence in Steel-Steel Tribo-Systems by Magnetic Action

2017 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 662-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Zelinskiy ◽  
E.A. Borisova
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Action

scholarly journals XXV. Observations on the Errors in the Sea-Rates of Chronometers, arising from the Magnetism of their Balances; with Suggestions for removing this source of Error

1823 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Scoresby
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
North Pole ◽  
The North ◽  
Magnetic Action ◽  
Source Of Error

The value of the Chronometer for finding the Longitude at Sea, being, by the experience of many years trial, fully established, I am induced to offer to the Royal Society some remarks on the change of rate observed in this instrument, when on ship-board. This change of rate, that had usually been supposed to arise from the motion of the ship, has recently heen attributed, by Mr Fisher, who accompanied Captain Buchan in his Voyage towards the North Pole in the year 1818, ‘to the magnetic action exerted by the iron in the ship upon ‘the inner rim of the Chronometer's balance, which is composed of steel.’ I apprehend, however, that it will be very easy to show, that although the alteration of rate may be, and most probably is, owing to magnetism, yet the magnetic action of the iron in the ship, excepting in cases where chronometers are placed in immediate contact with large masses of iron, can contribute but in a very small degree to the error in question.

Effect of Transverse Magnetization on the Resistance of Nickel at High Temperatures

1906 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 292-294
Author(s):  
C. G. Knott
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Magnetization ◽  
Nickel Wire ◽  
Great Care ◽  
Final Temperature ◽  
Longitudinal Magnetization ◽  
Resistance Change ◽  
Considerable Difficulty ◽  
Magnetic Action ◽  
Remarkable Result ◽  
The Wire

AbstractIn a previous communication it was pointed out that the effect of transverse magnetization on the resistance of nickel wire was inappreciable in fields below 500 C.G.S. units, thereby differing from the case of longitudinal magnetization, in which the effect was easily measurable in fields below 20. The reason of this is no doubt to be referred to the thinness of the wire in the direction of the magetizing force. To measure the effect of transverse magnetization it was necessary to form a fiat coil and insert it between the poles of a powerful electro-magnet. Considerable difficulty was experienced in winding this coil with interwound asbestos insulation, for great care had to be taken that no part of the wire cut the lines of force obliquely, otherwise there would be a resolved component of longitudinal effect, which in certain cases might altogether mask the effect looked for. The coil used in the final experiments was suitable in all respects. It was coiled between glass plates, the successive coils being separated by threads of asbestos. Round the coil another coil (of Beacon wire) was wound anti-inductively, so that any current passing through it would have no magnetic action upon the nickel wire inside. By varying the current in this external coil I was able to heat the nickel to any desired temperature up to 400° C. In any one experiment the final temperature came to a steady state, and not till this state was reached was it possible to begin the observations on the resistance change. This was measured in the manner already described in my paper on the effect of longitudinal magnetization, and it will suffice meanwhile to call attention to a remarkable result obtained when the temperature approached that at which nickel ceases to be strongly magnetic.

scholarly journals On the errors in longitude as determined by chronometers at sea, arising from the action of the iron in the ships upon the chronometers

1833 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 130-131
Keyword(s):  
North Pole ◽  
South Pole ◽  
The North ◽  
Magnetic Action

The sudden alterations in the rates of chronometers, when taken on board ships, are generally ascribed to the motion of the vessel; but from circumstances connected with the chronometers of the Dorothea and Trent, during the late voyage to the North Pole, the author is induced to refer these alterations to other causes: he found that in all cases the gaining rates were increased and their losing ones diminished on ship-board. That this acceleration does not arise from the ship’s motion, was shown by its occurrence when the Dorothea and Trent were beset with ice, and when they were at anchor close in shore without any perceptible motion; nor does it appear that change of temperature was at any time the cause of this change of rates. That the iron in ships becomes magnetic is shown by its polarity, the whole forming, as it were, a large magnet, having its south pole on deck and its north pole below. The inner rim of the balance of chronometers, which is made of steel, will, therefore, be liable to magnetic action, which will be sufficient to cause a very sensible alteration in their rate of going. Mr. Fisher concludes this communication with some account of experiments on the action of magnets upon chronometers placed in various positions with respect to their balances, by which it appears that an acceleration in these cases always ensues. It also appears probable, he observes, that the force of the balance spring is affected by the same cause, since chronometers in which they are made of gold, though more difficult to adjust, keep better rates at sea than others.

scholarly journals VII. Magnetical observations in the Britannia and Conway tubular iron bridges

1873 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 331-339
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Royal Observatory ◽  
Malleable Iron ◽  
Magnetic Action ◽  
Scrap Iron ◽  
Passing Train ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Magnetic Needle

It occurred to me some time since that it would be matter of interest to examine the character of the magnetic action of the iron in the Britannia and Conway Tubular Iron Bridges upon a magnetic needle within the tube. This was suggested to me by consideration, not so much of the mass and extent of the iron structure (although both, in the Britannia Bridge, are very great) as of the peculiar state of tremor to which the iron is continually subjected. After remarking, when within the tube of the Britannia Bridge, the disturbance of the iron produced by a passing train, my hand being firmly pressed against the iron wall, I described tot he late Robert Stephenson my impression that the particles of the metal were in a state of "molecular shiver," and he replied that those words exactly represented his own idea on the agitation of the iron. All experiments appear to show that iron, in this state of tremor, is peculiarly subject to the inductive action of external magnetic force. When to this is added the consideration that the tubes have been unmoved in position, and that they have been subjected to this disturbance many times every day since their erection, it seems reasonable to conclude that they will exhibit the greatest amount of induced magnetism which it is possible for malleable iron to receive. I know not how far this susceptibility to mag­netic action may depend on the quality of the iron; but I think it proper to state, on the authority of Mr. Edwin Clark, that the iron was made chiefly in Staffordshire and Coalbrookdale, a smaller portion in Derbyshire, and that it was the ordinary "best-best” plates of the day, and intended to be scrap-iron throughout. My friend Mr. James Carpenter (then Assistant in the Royal Observatory) entered warmly into my views, and at my request undertook the conduct of the requisite observations; and I detached him for a few days (at my own pecuniary expense) from his duties at the Royal Observatory. Captain G. L. Tupman, R. M. A., who was at the time preparing himself in the use of instruments for observation of the Transit of Venus, gave his friendly assistance; and I am confident that the work undertaken by these gentlemen was executed with the greatest care and accuracy throughout.

scholarly journals On the influence of screens in arresting the progress of magnetic action: the other, on the power of masses of iron to control the attractive force of a magnet

1837 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 69-71
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Energy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Attractive Force ◽  
Silver Copper ◽  
Single Plate ◽  
Magnetic Action

The object of the first paper is to show that every substance susceptible of magnetism by induction, when interposed as a screen, tends to arrest the action of a magnet upon a third substance: this intercepting power being directly as the mass, and inversely as the susceptibility to induced magnetism. Thus, although a single plate of iron, about the sixteenth of an inch thick, effectually intercepts the action of a revolving magnet on a disc of copper, the same result is not obtained when the disc acted upon is also of iron, instead of being of copper; unless the mass of iron interposed be very considerable. The screening influence he found to depend on the mass of iron that is interposed, and not on the surface merely. He was led to suspect that a similar effect might be obtained by employing substances not of a ferruginous nature, provided they were interposed in considerable masses, and the result of his trials justified his conjecture. An account is given of several experiments made with large masses of silver, copper, or zinc, of about four inches in thickness, which being interposed between a revolving magnetic plate and a delicately suspended disc of tinned iron, completely intercepted the action of the magnet on the iron. The author considers this interceptive property to be more or less common to every class of substance; and that in order to render it sensible, it is only necessary to employ the bodies in masses, bearing some direct ratio to their respective magnetic energies. Thus lead, having a weaker magnetic energy than copper, must be employed in a larger mass in order to produce an equal effect; and to render the screening power of ice sensible would require it to be above thirty feet in thickness. If, instead of interposing the screen of iron immediately between the revolving magnet and the suspended disc of copper, the iron be brought very near the under surface of the magnet, a similar neutralizing influence is exerted.

scholarly journals Physiological correlates of neuro- and magnetic stimulation in therapy of epilepsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
Nataliya D. Sorokina ◽  
Sergey S. Pertsov ◽  
Gennadiy V. Selitskiy
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Magnetic Action

In the literature survey, non-pharmaceutical methods of therapy of epilepsy are considered including electrostimulation of vagus nerve, exposure to magnetic field and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Correlates of the effectiveness of electro- and magnetic stimulation are electrophysiological parameters, clinical data and influence on the mental and cognitive functions. Use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in addition to antiepileptic drugs has a certain ground. According to modern understanding and the results of experimental studies, the mechanism of modulator inhibitory alterations is associated with a potential of TMS to cause long-term synaptic depression or long-term potentiation. These long-lasting phenomena probably underlie anticonvulsant effects of low frequency magnetic stimulation. Inclusion of physiologists and neurophysiologists into the research will permit to solve such an important problem as a study of physiological mechanisms of the effectiveness of non-pharmacological electro- and magnetic action in epilepsy.

scholarly journals Твердотельный изгибно-вибрационный датчик низкочастотного магнитного поля на основе пьезоэлектрического эффекта

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
А.Е. Панич ◽  
Г.С. Радченко ◽  
А.В. Скрылев ◽  
А.А. Панич ◽  
А.Ю. Малыхин
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensor ◽  
Piezoelectric Response ◽  
Small Signal ◽  
Hybrid Magnet ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Magnetic Action ◽  
Electrophysical Parameters

AbstractOptimal geometrical and electrophysical parameters are calculated theoretically; the effective response of a solid-state hybrid “magnet–carbon—piezoelectric” sensor is studied experimentally. Experiments are performed under the action of an external magnetic field of low-frequency flexural resonances (from 1 to 230 Hz). Theoretical calculations have formed the basis for designing an experimental prototype of the instrument. The frequency dependence of the direct piezoelectric response to the applied small-signal varying magnetic action is constructed.

Kepler, Johannes (1571–1630)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernan McMullin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Planetary Motion ◽  
Empirical Basis ◽  
Magnetic Action ◽  
Theory Of Gravity ◽  
The Way

Kepler’s mathematical analysis of Brahe’s observations of the motions of Mars enabled him to formulate the descriptive ‘laws’ of planetary motion, thus giving heliocentric astronomy an empirical basis far more accurate than it had before. He insisted that astronomy had to discover the causes of the motions that the laws described, in this way becoming a ‘physics of the sky’. In the pursuit of this goal, he formulated the notion of distance-dependent forces between sun and planet, and guessed that gravity could be explained as an attraction between heavy bodies and their home planets, analogous to magnetic action, thus pointing the way for Newton’s theory of gravity.

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