Association between the improvement in depressive symptoms and serum BDNF levels in drug-naive first episode patients with schizophrenia: a longitudinal follow-up

2021 ◽  
pp. 105392
Author(s):  
Dongmei Han ◽  
Daliang Sun ◽  
Meihong Xiu ◽  
Xiuru Su ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Serum Bdnf

scholarly journals A Longitudinal 5-Year Follow-Up Study of Cognitive Function After First Episode Major Depressive Disorder: Exploring State, Scar and Trait Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eivind Haga Ronold ◽  
Marit Therese Schmid ◽  
Ketil Joachim Oedegaard ◽  
Åsa Hammar
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Initial Episode

Major depression (MDD) is associated with cognitive deficits in processing speed and executive function (EF) following first episode (FE). It is unclear whether deficits are state or trait related. Studies following FE MDD over longer periods are lacking, making it uncertain how cognition and symptoms develop after the initial episode. The present study assessed cognitive function and symptoms 5 years following FE MDD. In addition, the study explored relationships between MDD symptoms, rumination, and cognitive deficits with regards to the trait, state, and scar perspective. Twenty-three participants with previous FE MDD, and 20 matched control participants were compared on Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System measures of processing speed and EF, in a 5-year longitudinal follow-up study. Correlations between current symptoms- and history of MDD, rumination, cognition were investigated. Findings indicated that cognitive deficits persisted with no clear signs of exacerbation after initial episode. Inhibition appeared independent of current and previous symptoms of depression. Processing speed was related to depressive- symptoms and rumination. In conclusion, results indicated persisting, stable deficits in both EFs and processing speed. Findings further suggest that depressive symptoms could be related to deficits in processing speed, indicating state effects. There was limited support for worsening of cognition after initial episode. Some aspects of EF like Inhibition could show persistent deficits independent of depressive symptoms indicating trait effects.

scholarly journals Naturalistic follow-up of co-morbid substance use in schizophrenia: the West London first-episode study

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Harrison ◽  
E. M. Joyce ◽  
S. H. Mutsatsa ◽  
S. B. Hutton ◽  
V. Huddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
First Episode ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe impact of co-morbid substance use in first-episode schizophrenia has not been fully explored.MethodThis naturalistic follow-up of a cohort of 152 people with first-episode schizophrenia examined substance use and clinical outcome in terms of symptoms and social and neuropsychological function.ResultsData were collected on 85 (56%) of the patient cohort after a median period of 14 months. Over the follow-up period, the proportion of smokers rose from 60% at baseline to 64%. While 30% reported lifetime problem drinking of alcohol at baseline, only 15% had problem drinking at follow-up. Furthermore, while at baseline 63% reported lifetime cannabis use and 32% were currently using the drug, by the follow-up assessment the latter figure had fallen to 18.5%. At follow-up, persistent substance users had significantly more severe positive and depressive symptoms and greater overall severity of illness. A report of no lifetime substance use at baseline was associated with greater improvement in spatial working memory (SWM) at follow-up.ConclusionsPast substance use may impede recovery of SWM performance in people with schizophrenia in the year or so following first presentation to psychiatric services. The prevalence of substance use other than tobacco tends to diminish over this period, in the absence of specific interventions. Persistent substance use in first-episode schizophrenia is associated with more severe positive and depressive symptoms but not negative symptoms, and should be a target for specific treatment intervention.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms in first episode psychosis: a one-year follow-up study

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrettin Sönmez ◽  
Kristin Lie Romm ◽  
Ole A Andreasssen ◽  
Ingrid Melle ◽  
Jan Ivar Røssberg
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
One Year

Effect of DISC1 Polymorphisms on the Long-term Course of Neurocognitive Deficits in Non-affective Psychosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 861-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vázquez-Bourgon ◽  
R. Ayesa-Arriola ◽  
M. Fatjó-Vilas ◽  
R. Roiz-Santiañez ◽  
L. Fañanás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Affective Psychosis ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Motor Dexterity ◽  
Core Symptoms

AbstractNeurocognitive deficits are core symptoms of schizophrenia that determine a poorer outcome. High variability in the progression of neuropsychological deficits in schizophrenia has been described. It is still unknown whether genetic variations can affect the course of cognitive deficits. Variations in the Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) gene have previously been associated with neurocognitive deficits. This study investigated the association between 3 DISC1 polymorphisms (rs6675281 (Leu607Phe), rs1000731, and rs821616 (Ser704Cys)) and long-term (3 years) cognitive performance. One-hundred-thirty-three Caucasian drug-naive patients experiencing a first episode of non-affective psychosis were genotyped. Cognitive function was assessed at baseline and after 3 years of initiating treatment. Other clinical and socio-demographic variables were recorded to eliminate potential confounding effects. Patients carrying the A allele of rs1000731 exhibited a significant improvement in Working Memory and Attention domains, and the homozygosity of the A allele of rs821616 showed a significant improvement in Motor Dexterity performance over 3 years of follow-up. In conclusion, DISC1 gene variations may affect the course of cognitive deficits found in patients suffering from the first episode of non-affective psychosis.

Depressive symptoms at baseline predict fewer negative symptoms at follow-up in patients with first-episode schizophrenia

2002 ◽  
Vol 58 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
P OOSTHUIZEN ◽  
R EMSLEY ◽  
M ROBERTS ◽  
J TURNER ◽  
L KEYTER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

scholarly journals The changes of gut microbiota in drug-naïve first-episode MDD patients under treatment by SSRIs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Shen ◽  
Xiao Yang ◽  
Gaofei Li ◽  
Xiaoxi Xing ◽  
Zhiyong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Normal State ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Drug Naïve

Abstract Background: Recently, several studies reported that transplanting feces from depressed patients could induce depression-like behaviors in mice. In addition, antidepressants not only have antidepressant effects, but also have modulation of the gut microbiota in those animals. Therefore, this study firstly investigated on the changes of gut microbiota in depressed patients under effective antidepressant treatment.Methods: We recruited 30 patients with drug-naive first-episode MDD (Patients group) and 30 healthy controls (Control group), and collected their fecal samples to complete 16S rRNA sequencing. Next, the Patients group received individualised treatment with escitalopram with a maximum dose of 20mg/d. After depressive symptoms improved to a HAMD scale score >50%, a second fecal sample was collected. This was classified as the follow-up group. We then investigated into the differences of gut microbiota between patients (Patients and Follow-up groups) and controls (Control group), the characteristics of gut microbiota under treatment, and the potential differences in metabolic functions.Results: A significant difference in gut microbiota abundance was found after escitalopram treatment. The Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio significantly decreased in the Follow-up group. After treatment, the species diversity of gut microbiota tended to be back to normal state in Follow-up group. The mainly difference of metabolic function were found as follows: Transport and catabolism, Nervous system, Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism.Conclusions: Under escitalopram treatment, the gut microbiota diversity of MDD patients tended to back to normal state. However, several structures and metabolic pathways in microbes remained differences between patients and controls.

scholarly journals Structure and stability of symptoms in first episode psychosis: a longitudinal network approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siân Lowri Griffiths ◽  
Samuel P. Leighton ◽  
Pavan Kumar Mallikarjun ◽  
Georgina Blake ◽  
Linda Everard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Early Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Network Modelling ◽  
Network Comparison ◽  
Structure And Stability ◽  
Comparison Test ◽  
Episode Psychosis

AbstractEarly psychosis is characterised by heterogeneity in illness trajectories, where outcomes remain poor for many. Understanding psychosis symptoms and their relation to illness outcomes, from a novel network perspective, may help to delineate psychopathology within early psychosis and identify pivotal targets for intervention. Using network modelling in first episode psychosis (FEP), this study aimed to identify: (a) key central and bridge symptoms most influential in symptom networks, and (b) examine the structure and stability of the networks at baseline and 12-month follow-up. Data on 1027 participants with FEP were taken from the National EDEN longitudinal study and used to create regularised partial correlation networks using the ‘EBICglasso’ algorithm for positive, negative, and depressive symptoms at baseline and at 12-months. Centrality and bridge estimations were computed using a permutation-based network comparison test. Depression featured as a central symptom in both the baseline and 12-month networks. Conceptual disorganisation, stereotyped thinking, along with hallucinations and suspiciousness featured as key bridge symptoms across the networks. The network comparison test revealed that the strength and bridge centralities did not differ significantly between the two networks (C = 0.096153; p = 0.22297). However, the network structure and connectedness differed significantly from baseline to follow-up (M = 0.16405, p = <0.0001; S = 0.74536, p = 0.02), with several associations between psychosis and depressive items differing significantly by 12 months. Depressive symptoms, in addition to symptoms of thought disturbance (e.g. conceptual disorganisation and stereotyped thinking), may be examples of important, under-recognized treatment targets in early psychosis, which may have the potential to lead to global symptom improvements and better recovery.

scholarly journals The changes of gut microbiota in drug-naïve first-episode MDD patients under treatment by SSRIs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Shen ◽  
Xiao Yang ◽  
Gaofei Li ◽  
Xiaoxi Xing ◽  
Zhiyong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Normal State ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Drug Naïve

Abstract Background: Recently, several studies reported that transplanting stool from depressed patients could induce depression-like behaviors in mice. In addition, antidepressants presented not only antidepressant effects, but also antibacterial effects in those animals. Therefore, this study firstly investigated on the changes of gut microbiota in depressed patients under effective antidepressant treatment.Methods: We recruited 30 patients with drug-naive first-episode MDD (Patients group) and 30 healthy controls (Control group), and collected their stool samples to complete 16S rRNA sequencing. Next, Patients group received 20 mg/d of escitalopram. After the symptoms improved, the feces of Patients group were collected and marked as Follow-up group to complete sequencing for the second time. We then investigated into the differences of gut microbiota between patients (Patients and Follow-up groups) and controls (Control group), the characteristics of gut microbiota under treatment, and the potential differences in metabolic functions. Results: A significant difference in gut microbiota abundance was found after escitalopram treatment. The Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio significantly decreased in the Follow-up group. After treatment, the species diversity of gut microbiota tended to be back to normal state in Follow-up group. The mainly difference of metabolic function were found as follows: Transport and catabolism, Nervous system, Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism.Conclusions: Under escitalopram treatment, the gut microbiota diversity of MDD patients tended to back to normal state. However, several structures and metabolic pathways in microbes remained differences between patients and controls, which might be related to the relapse of MDD.

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