Factors associated with quit attempts and smoking cessation in Brazil: findings from the International Tobacco Control Brazil Survey

Smoking cessation significantly reduces risk of smoking-related diseases and mortality. This study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with attempts to quit and smoking cessation among adult current smokers in Malaysia. Data from the National E-Cigarette Survey 2016 were analyzed. Forty nine percent of current smokers had attempted to quit at least once in the past 12 months and 31.4% of the respondents were former smokers. Multivariable analysis revealed that current smokers with low nicotine addiction and aged below 45 years were more likely to attempt to quit smoking. Being married, older age group, and having tertiary education were significantly associated with smoking cessation. Only half of the current smokers ever attempted to quit smoking and only a third of smokers quit. Stronger tobacco control policies are needed in Malaysia to encourage more smokers to quit smoking. Improved access to cessation support for underprivileged smokers is also needed.

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Quit attempts and smoking cessation in Italian adults (25–64 years): factors associated with attempts and successes

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckw262 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. ckw262

Author(s):

Alessandro Coppo ◽

Sandro Baldissera ◽

Alessandro Migliardi ◽

Valentina Minardi ◽

Elisa Quarchioni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Quit Attempts

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Smoking-Related Stigma: A Public Health Tool or a Damaging Force?

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/nty151 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 96-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Paula Lozano ◽

James F Thrasher ◽

Melinda Forthofer ◽

James Hardin ◽

Luz Myriam Reynales Shigematsu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Control Policy ◽

Quit Attempt ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Tobacco Control Policies ◽

Quit Attempts ◽

Lower Likelihood ◽

Related Stigma

Abstract Background Tobacco control policies and other denormalization strategies may reduce tobacco use by stigmatizing smoking. This raises an important question: Does perceived smoking-related stigma contribute to a smoker’s decision to quit? The aim of this study was to evaluate if perceived smoking-related stigma was associated with smoking cessation outcomes among smokers in Mexico and Uruguay. Methods We analyzed prospective data from a panel of adult smokers who participated in the 2008–2012 administrations of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Surveys in Mexico and Uruguay. We defined two analytic samples of participants: the quit behavior sample (n = 3896 Mexico; n = 1525 Uruguay) and the relapse sample (n = 596 Mexico). Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate if different aspects of perceived stigma (ie, discomfort, marginalization, and negative stereotype) at baseline were associated with smoking cessation outcomes at follow-up. Results We found that perceived smoking-related stigma was associated with a higher likelihood of making a quit attempt in Uruguay but with a lower likelihood of successful quitting in Mexico. Conclusions This study suggests that perceived smoking-related stigma may be associated with more quit attempts, but less successful quitting among smokers. It is possible that once stigma is internalized by smokers, it may function as a damaging force. Future studies should evaluate the influence of internalized stigma on smoking behavior. Implications Although perceived smoking-related stigma may prompt smokers to quit smoking, smoking stigma may also serve as a damaging force for some individuals, making quitting more difficult. This study found that perceived smoking-related stigma was associated with a higher likelihood of making a quit attempt in Uruguay but with a lower likelihood of successful quitting in Mexico.

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To what extent do smokers make spontaneous quit attempts and what are the implications for smoking cessation maintenance? Findings from the International Tobacco Control Four country survey

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntq052 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 12 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. S51-S57 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

J. Cooper ◽

R. Borland ◽

H.-H. Yong ◽

A. McNeill ◽

R. L. Murray ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

Quit Attempts

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How the New European Union’s (Pictorial) Tobacco Health Warnings Influence Quit Attempts and Smoking Cessation: Findings from the 2016–2017 International Tobacco Control (ITC) Netherlands Surveys

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16214260 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (21) ◽

pp. 4260 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dirk-Jan A. van Mourik ◽

Math J. J. M. Candel ◽

Gera E. Nagelhout ◽

Marc C. Willemsen ◽

Hua-Hie Yong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Social Norms ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Positive Attitude ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Health Warnings ◽

Health Warning ◽

Quit Attempts ◽

Perceived Social Norms

In 2016, the Netherlands was required to introduce new European Union (EU)’s (pictorial) tobacco health warnings. Our objective was to describe the pathways through which the new EU tobacco health warnings may influence quit attempts and smoking cessation among Dutch smokers. Longitudinal data from 2016 and 2017 from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Netherlands Survey were used. Smokers who participated in both surveys were included (N = 1017). Structural equation modeling was applied to examine the hypothesized pathways. Health warning salience was positively associated with more health worries (β = 0.301, p < 0.001) and a more positive attitude towards quitting (β = 0.180, p < 0.001), which, in turn, were associated with a stronger quit intention (health worries: β = 0.304, p < 0.001; attitude: β = 0.340, p < 0.001). Quit intention was a strong predictor of quit attempts (β = 0.336, p = 0.001). Health warning salience was also associated with stronger perceived social norms towards quitting (β = 0.166, p < 0.001), which directly predicted quit attempts (β = 0.141, p = 0.048). Quit attempts were positively associated with smoking cessation (β = 0.453, p = 0.043). Based on these findings, we posit that the effect of the EU’s tobacco health warnings on quit attempts and smoking cessation is mediated by increased health worries and a more positive attitude and perceived social norms towards quitting. Making tobacco health warnings more salient (e.g., by using plain packaging) may increase their potential to stimulate quitting among smokers.

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Associations between tobacco control mass media campaign expenditure and smoking prevalence and quitting in England: a time series analysis

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-053662 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 455-462 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Mirte A G Kuipers ◽

Emma Beard ◽

Robert West ◽

Jamie Brown

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Mass Media ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

Smoking Prevalence ◽

Moving Average ◽

Government Expenditure ◽

Success Rates ◽

Media Campaigns ◽

Quit Attempt ◽

Quit Attempts

BackgroundIt has been established that mass media campaigns can increase smoking cessation rates, but there is little direct evidence estimating associations between government expenditure on tobacco control mass media campaigns and smoking cessation. This study assessed the association over 8 years between mass media expenditure in England and quit attempts, smoking cessation and smoking prevalence.MethodsAutoregressive integrated moving average modelling with exogenous variables (ARIMAX) was applied to monthly estimates from the Smoking Toolkit Study between June 2008 and February 2016. We assessed the association between the trends in mass media expenditure and (1) quit attempts in the last two months, (2) quit success among those who attempted to quit and (3) smoking prevalence. Analyses were adjusted for trends in weekly spending on tobacco by smokers, tobacco control policies and the use of established aids to cessation.ResultsMonthly spending on mass media campaigns ranged from nothing to £2.4 million, with a mean of £465 054. An increase in mass media expenditure of 10% of the monthly average was associated with a 0.51% increase (of the average) in success rates of quit attempts (95% CI 0.10% to 0.91%, p=0.014). No clear association was detected between changes in mass media expenditure and changes in quit attempt prevalence (β=–0.03, 95% CI –2.05% to 2.00%, p=0.979) or smoking prevalence (β=–0.03, 95% CI –0.09% to 0.03%, p=0.299).ConclusionBetween 2008 and 2016, higher monthly expenditure on tobacco control mass media campaigns in England was associated with higher quit success rates.

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Intention to Quit Smoking, Attempts to Quit, and Successful Quitting among Hong Kong Chinese Smokers: Population Prevalence and Predictors

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.4278/0890-1171-19.5.346 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 346-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Abu Saleh M. Abdullah ◽

HK Yam

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Population Based ◽

Intention To Quit ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Quit Attempts ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Purpose. To assess the prevalence of each step in the smoking-cessation process (intention to quit, attempts to quit, and successful quitting) and to examine the factors associated with them among Chinese smokers. Design. A cross-sectional survey of subjects from randomly selected households. Setting. Four thousand one hundred forty-two households in Hong Kong. Subjects. A total of 11,779 persons, aged 15 years or older, were enumerated (response rate = 74.0%). Measures. A validated structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire sought information on the subject's sociodemographic background, smoking habits, and workplace attitude to smoking. The predictors for successful quitting, past quitting attempts, and intention to quit were assessed by χ2 tests and multiple logistic regression. Results. Of the respondents, 14.4% were current smokers, 7.5% were ex-smokers, and 78.1% were nonsmokers. Of the daily smokers, 52% intended to quit. The factors associated with quitting were being married, being in the student/retired/others category, being older, having received higher education, not smoking to kill time, and smoking because of curiosity. Being married and not smoking to kill time were associated with past quitting attempts. Being male, married, and not smoking to kill time were associated with the intention to quit smoking. Conclusion. The findings of this study indicate that differing predictors may contribute to the different transitional stages of smoking cessation. Population-based smoking-cessation programs should take these predictors into consideration in the design of interventions.

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