Determinan perilaku merokok pada siswa MTSS Alue Bilie Kecamatan Darul Makmur Kabupaten Nagan Raya

Background: Smoking behavior is the main cause of adolescent health problems in the world such as upper respiratory infections, bronchitis, and pneumonia. Adolescent smoking behavior is influenced by knowledge, attitudes, extracurricular activities, cigarette advertisements, the influence of parents and peers.Objective: This study aims to determine the determinants of smoking behavior in MTSS Alue Bilie students, Darul Makmur District, Nagan Raya Regency.Method: The research method uses comprehensive analytic with a cross sectional approach. The population is all class students at MTSS Alue Bilie from grades VII and VIII totaling 40 male students. Sampling using the total population technique. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis.Results: Based on the results of the study, it was found that there was a relationship between knowledge and smoking behavior (ρ=0.001), there was a relationship between attitudes towards smoking behavior (ρ= 0.004, there was a relationship between cigarette advertising and smoking behavior (ρ= 0.003), there was a peer relationship with smoking behavior. (ρ= 0.004), and there is a parental relationship to smoking behavior (ρ= 0.042). The determinant factor that has the greatest relationship to smoking behavior is knowledge with an OR= 13.9.Conclusion: Positive attitudes had a 2.24 times relationship to the participation of pregnant women in hepatitis B screening than negative attitudes.

Evaluation of a Newly Developed Smartphone App for Risk Factor Management in Young Patients With Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Study

Background: Efficient treatment of modifiable vascular risk factors decreases reoccurrence of ischemic stroke, which is of uttermost importance in younger patients. In this longitudinal pilot study, we thus assessed the effect of a newly developed smartphone app for risk factor management in such a cohort.Methods: The app conveys key facts about stroke, provides motivational support for a healthy lifestyle, and a reminder function for medication intake and blood pressure measurement. Between January 2019 and February 2020, we consecutively invited patients with ischemic stroke aged between 18 and 55 years to participate. Patients in the intervention group used the app between hospital discharge and 3-month follow-up. The control group received standard clinical care. Modifiable risk factors (physical activity, nutrition, alcohol consumption, smoking behavior, obesity, and hypertension) were assessed during the initial hospital stay and at a dedicated stroke outpatient department three months post-stroke.Results: The study cohort comprised 21 patients in the app intervention group (62% male; age = 41 ± 11 years; education = 12 ± 3 years) and 21 sex-, age- and education-matched control patients with a comparable stroke risk factor profile. Baseline stroke severity was comparable between groups (intervention: median NIHSS = 3; control: median NIHSS = 4; p = 0.604). Three months post-stroke, patients in the intervention group reported to be physically almost twice as active (13 ± 9 h/week) compared to controls (7 ± 5 h/week; p = 0.022). More intense app usage was strongly associated with higher physical activity (r = 0.60, p = 0.005) and lower consumption of unhealthy food (r = −0.51, p = 0.023). Smoking behavior (p = 0.001) and hypertension (p = 0.003) improved in all patients. Patients in the intervention group described better self-reported health-related quality of life three months post-stroke (p = 0.003).Conclusions: Specifically designed app interventions can be an easily to implement and cost-efficient approach to promote a healthier lifestyle in younger patients with a stroke.

Smoking Mechanics and Impact on Smoking Cessation: Two Cases of Smoking Lapse Status Post Lung Transplantation

Background Smoking behavior includes mechanisms taken on by persons to adjust for certain characteristic changes of cigarettes. However, as lung function declines due to lung-specific diseases, it is unclear how mechanical smoking behavior changes affect persons who smoke. We review two cases of patients who stopped smoking prior to and then subsequently resumed smoking after lung transplantation. Methods A retrospective review of two patients who were recipients of lung transplantation and sustained from cigarette usage prior to transplantation. Results Patient A was a 54-year-old woman who received a double lung transplant secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in October 2017. She had stopped smoking cigarettes in July 2015 (FEV1 .56 L). Patient B was a 40-year-old man who received a double lung transplantation due to sarcoidosis in January 2015. He stopped smoking cigarettes in February 2012 (FEV1 1.15 L). Post-transplant, Patient A resumed smoking on March 2018 where her FEV1 was at 2.12 L (5 months post-transplantation), and Patient B resumed smoking in April 2017 where his FEV1 was 2.37 L (26 months post-transplantation). Conclusion We report on two patients who resumed smoking after lung transplantation. While variations of smoking mechanics have been identified as a function of nicotine yield and type of cigarette, it lung mechanics may play a role in active smoking as well. Therefore, proper screening for tobacco usage post-lung transplantation should be considered a priority in order to preserve transplanted lungs.

Edukasi Dampak Rokok Terhadap Kesehatan Remaja di Kabupaten Kolaka

ABSTRAK Merokok merupakan salah satu perilaku yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai penyakit. Perilaku merokok ditemukan pada berbagai tingkat usia termasuk diantaranya kelompok usia remaja. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan edukasi kepada remaja terkait dampak rokok terhadap kesehatan. Edukasi dilaksanakan di sekolah setingkat SMP san SMA di Kabupaten kolaka yang diikuti oleh 122 siswa. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November sampai Desember 2020 yang dibagi dalam 5 kali kegiatan. Para siswa secara antusias mengikuti semua rangkaian kegiatan edukasi dengan baik dan pada sesi diskusi terdapat 4 orang siswa yang mengajukan pertanyaan terkait dengan materi yang disampaikan. Kegiatan ini berjalan dengan baik karena didukung oleh kepala sekolah dan pihak puskesmas Kolaka. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat dilaksanakan setiap semester di sekolah untuk mengurangi jumlah siswa yang merokok. Kata Kunci: Edukasi, dampak rokok ABSTRACT Smoking is a behavior that can cause various diseases. Smoking behavior is found at various age levels including the adolescent age group. This service activity aims to educate adolescents regarding the impact of smoking on health. The education was carried out in schools at the level of SMP and SMA in Kolaka Regency which was attended by 122 students. This activity was carried out from November to December 2020 which was divided into 5 activities. The students enthusiastically participated in all series of educational activities well and in the discussion session, there were 4 students who asked questions related to the material presented. This activity went well because it was supported by the principal and the Kolaka puskesmas. This activity is expected to be carried out every semester in schools to reduce the number of students who smoke. Keywords: Education, the impact of smoking

Psychological Distress And Smoking Behaviors of Chinese College Students: Mediating Effects of The Dimensions of Learning Burnout

Objectives: Smokers or never smokers exposed to environmental tobacco use (ETS) are usually associated with various diseases and cancers. In order to better help college students prevent the tobacco use and thus preclude the incidences of avoidable diseases, this study explored the predictive power of different variables including demographic and psychological variables in relation to smoking behaviors. Methods: Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) were used in this study. Results: The multivariate logistic regression indicated that college students who were male (versus female, OR = 9.55), majoring in medicine and sports (versus nursing, ORmedicine = 2.19, ORsports=2.81), born in the non-singleton family (versus singleton family, OR= 0.63) with higher family income (versus lower family income, OR = 0.45), surrounded with smoking friends (versus without smoking friends, OR= 0.18), were more vulnerable to smoke. In addition, combined with the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the dimensions of learning burnout had full mediation effects between psychological distress and smoking behavior. Conclusions: Psychological distress can only indirectly affect smoking behavior via learning efficacy, cynicism and emotional exhaustion. Adjustment from different dimensions of learning burnout will help college students better prevent the tobacco use.

Pengaruh Kenaikan Harga Rokok terhadap Perilaku Merokok pada Kelompok Usia Remaja: Literature Review

Cigarettes are one of the factors of world health issues that have not been resolved until now. The number of smokers in the world in 2015 reached 1.3 billion people, while Indonesia being the first billion smokers in ASEAN with 65 million smokers and 69 percent dominated by teenagers. The World Health Organization (WHO) has determined the reduction of cigarette consumption as one of the Global NCDs Targets to be achieved by 2025 by increasing the action of increasing the tax price of all cigarette products to reduce the demand for cigarettes. Indonesia applies the same thing by issuing the Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Republik Indonesia no. 198 Tahun 2020 concerning the policy on the price of cigarettes smoking 12.5 percent in order to reduce the prevalence of smoking in the 10-18 year age range from 9.1 percent to 5.4 percent in 2029 according to the RPJMN. The purpose of this study is to analyze research studies that have been conducted to describe the effect of rising cigarette prices on adolescent smoking behavior. The data used in this literature study are articles that are relevant to the inclusion and exclusion criteria that have been determined within a span of 10 years that have been published in selected databases, which are Proquest, Pubmed, and Google Scholar. Stages of selection using the PRISMA flow chart. Assessment of article quality used the Strengthening The Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist. The results of this literature study contained 7 (seven) articles that were analyzed. These articles describe the effect of increasing cigarette prices on decreasing smoking initiation, smoking consumption, and smoking prevalence. Abstrak: Rokok merupakan salah satu faktor masalah kesehatan dunia yang belum terselesaikan sampai saat ini. Jumlah perokok di dunia pada tahun 2015 diestimasikan mencapai 1,3 milyar orang di mana Indonesia menempati peringkat pertama perokok terbesar di ASEAN dengan jumlah 65 juta perokok dan 69 persen didominasi remaja. World Health Organization (WHO) menetapkan pengurangan konsumsi rokok sebagai salah satu Global NCDs Target yang akan dicapai pada tahun 2025 dengan prioritas aksi peningkatan harga pajak semua produk rokok untuk mengurangi permintaan rokok. Indonesia menerapkan hal serupa yaitu dengan mengeluarkan Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Republik Indonesia nomor 198 Tahun 2020 mengenai kebijakan harga rokok yang dinaikkan 12,5 persen guna menekan prevalensi merokok remaja rentang usia 10 – 18 tahun dari angka 9,1 persen menjadi 5,4 persen di tahun 2029 sesuai dengan RPJMN. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis studi-studi penelitian yang telah dilakukan untuk menggambarkan pengaruh dari kenaikan harga rokok terhadap perilaku merokok remaja. Data yang digunakan dalam studi literatur ini merupakan artikel-artikel yang relevan dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditentukan dengan rentang 10 tahun yang telah terpublikasi pada database pilihan yaitu Proquest, Pubmed, dan Google Scholar. Tahapan seleksi menggunakan PRISMA flow diagram. Penilaian kualitas artikel menggunakan Strengthening The Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist. Hasil pada studi literatur ini terdapat 7 (tujuh) artikel yang dianalisis. Artikel-artikel tersebut menggambarkan adanya pengaruh kenaikan harga rokok terhadap penurunan inisiasi merokok, konsumsi merokok, dan prevalensi merokok.

Relationship between Anxiety Levels and Smoking Behavior in Early Adolescents in Nias Ciranjang Junior High School

Background: Adolescence is a period in which a child experiences a transition from childhood to adulthood both physically and psychologically. In 2018 the prevalence of smokers in the population aged >10 years in Indonesia, especially West Java, was ranked first at 32.0%, while the smoking prevalence in the population aged 10-18 years was 9.1% in 2018, this number increased from 2013 which was only 7.2%. Mental health is important in determining the quality of a nation. The phenomenon when the incidence of health problems in adolescents increases, the underlying cause comes from internal and external factors, this problem is still a threat if not treated immediately. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between anxiety levels and smoking behavior in early adolescents. Methods: The research design used is a correlation study with a cross sectional design. The number of samples was 55 male students in grades 7 and 8 in Nias Ciranjang junior high school which were selected through purposive sampling technique. Data collection filled out the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42 (DASS 42) questionnaire, rcount > rtable 0,514 and ralpha value = 0,952. Data analysis was carried out univariate (frequency distribution) and bivariate with chi square test. Result: The results showed that some respondents had moderate anxiety levels as much as 54.5%, most respondents had bad smoking behavior as much as 54.5%, and there was a relationship between anxiety levels and smoking behavior in early adolescents in Nias Ciranjang junior high school with p -value=0.001. Conclusion: It is hoped that nursing science and schools will continue to improve students' understanding of the dangers of smoking through counseling or other activities so that there are no more teenagers smoking.

SMOKING BEHAVIORS AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE SMOKE-FREE CAMPUS POLICY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

We conducted this systematic review to document the published literature related to smoking behaviors and attitudes towards the smoke-free campus policy. Studies on universities that had implemented the smoke-free campus policy were included in this review. The search for published articles from January 2010 to December 2020 involved three main electronic databases: Ovid MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. We searched the databases with the following Boolean string: [(smoke-free OR tobacco-free) AND (campus OR university OR college) AND (knowledge* OR attitude* OR practice*)]. Seventeen studies were included in this review. The majority (n = 8) were from the United States, followed by Saudi Arabia (n = 2) and one each from Israel, Lebanon, Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, Spain, and China. Eight studies reported a positive impact of the policy on smoking behavior (plan to quit smoking, attempt to quit smoking, reduce smoking). However, 11 studies reported that respondents were still exposed to second-hand smoke and that cigarette butts were still scattered around the university area. Nine studies reported negative attitudes towards smoking, and seven of 12 studies reported positive attitudes towards the policy. Overall, the smoke-free campus policy had mixed impacts. Nevertheless, we found that attitude towards a smoke-free campus and smoking behavior has a good impact.

Quit-smoking instrument using theory of planned behavior in nursing

Tobacco in cigarettes is a legal drug that can cause death for those who consume it. Until now smoking can cause various complications that have an impact on health such as cancer and heart disease. Behavioral theory such as TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior) is a behavior-based nursing theory that allows behavior change to minimize the impact of smoking. And until now there is no standardized instrument that measures a person's smoking behavior using the TPB application. Therefore, this study will develop a TPB model of smoking behavior instrument. This research is a non-experimental cross sectional study through validity and reliability tests carried out in 4 stages: literature review, instrument development, Content Validity Index and Internal consistency reliability. The reliability test was carried out on 93 respondents who were taken by accidental sampling with the criteria of male smokers aged 15 to 60 years, no history of disease due to smoking, willing to be participants and able to read and write. Internal consistency reliability analysis through Cronbach's Alpha value. The results of the study showed that as many as 40 instrument items had been developed, with an average I-CVI value of 4 experts being 0.75-1.0. While the average Cronbach's Alpha value reached 0.870. The smoking behavior instrument that measures the TPB component that has been developed is valid and reliable.