Changes in beta cell function and insulinotropic effect of the incretin hormones 1week after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in subjects with normal glucose tolerance

2012 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. S18-S19
Author(s):  
C. Dirksen ◽  
K.N. Bojsen-Møller ◽  
N.B. Jørgensen ◽  
S.H. Jacobsen ◽  
D. Worm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Incretin Hormones ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Insulinotropic Effect

Relevance of beta-cell function for improved glycemic control after gastric bypass surgery

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Blanco ◽  
Amanda Jiménez ◽  
Roser Casamitjana ◽  
Lílliam Flores ◽  
Antonio Lacy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery

Acute and long-term effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on glucose metabolism in subjects with Type 2 diabetes and normal glucose tolerance

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (1) ◽  
pp. E122-E131 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Jørgensen ◽  
S. H. Jacobsen ◽  
C. Dirksen ◽  
K. N. Bojsen-Møller ◽  
L. Naver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Liquid Meal ◽  
Normal Glucose

Our aim was to study the potential mechanisms responsible for the improvement in glucose control in Type 2 diabetes (T2D) within days after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Thirteen obese subjects with T2D and twelve matched subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were examined during a liquid meal before (Pre), 1 wk, 3 mo, and 1 yr after RYGB. Glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent-insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon concentrations were measured. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), β-cell glucose sensitivity (β-GS), and disposition index (Dβ-GS: β-GS × 1/HOMA-IR) were calculated. Within the first week after RYGB, fasting glucose [T2D Pre: 8.8 ± 2.3, 1 wk: 7.0 ± 1.2 ( P < 0.001)], and insulin concentrations decreased significantly in both groups. At 129 min, glucose concentrations decreased in T2D [Pre: 11.4 ± 3, 1 wk: 8.2 ± 2 ( P = 0.003)] but not in NGT. HOMA-IR decreased by 50% in both groups. β-GS increased in T2D [Pre: 1.03 ± 0.49, 1 wk: 1.70 ± 1.2, ( P = 0.012)] but did not change in NGT. The increase in DIβ-GS was 3-fold in T2D and 1.5-fold in NGT. After RYGB, glucagon secretion was increased in response to the meal. GIP secretion was unchanged, while GLP-1 secretion increased more than 10-fold in both groups. The changes induced by RYGB were sustained or further enhanced 3 mo and 1 yr after surgery. Improvement in glycemic control in T2D after RYGB occurs within days after surgery and is associated with increased insulin sensitivity and improved β-cell function, the latter of which may be explained by dramatic increases in GLP-1 secretion.

scholarly journals Beta cell function after weight loss: a clinical trial comparing gastric bypass surgery and intensive lifestyle intervention

2011 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Hofsø ◽  
T Jenssen ◽  
J Bollerslev ◽  
T Ueland ◽  
K Godang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Intensive Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
One Year

ObjectiveThe effects of various weight loss strategies on pancreatic beta cell function remain unclear. We aimed to compare the effect of intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) on beta cell function.DesignOne year controlled clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00273104).MethodsOne hundred and nineteen morbidly obese participants without known diabetes from the MOBIL study (mean (s.d.) age 43.6 (10.8) years, body mass index (BMI) 45.5 (5.6) kg/m2, 84 women) were allocated to RYGB (n=64) or ILI (n=55). The patients underwent repeated oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) and were categorised as having either normal (NGT) or abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT). Twenty-nine normal-weight subjects with NGT (age 42.6 (8.7) years, BMI 22.6 (1.5) kg/m2, 19 women) served as controls. OGTT-based indices of beta cell function were calculated.ResultsOne year weight reduction was 30 % (8) after RYGB and 9 % (10) after ILI (P<0.001). Disposition index (DI) increased in all treatment groups (all P<0.05), although more in the surgery groups (both P<0.001). Stimulated proinsulin-to-insulin (PI/I) ratio decreased in both surgery groups (both P<0.001), but to a greater extent in the surgery group with AGT at baseline (P<0.001). Post surgery, patients with NGT at baseline had higher DI and lower stimulated PI/I ratio than controls (both P<0.027).ConclusionsGastric bypass surgery improved beta cell function to a significantly greater extent than ILI. Supra-physiological insulin secretion and proinsulin processing may indicate excessive beta cell function after gastric bypass surgery.

Beta Cell Function, Peripheral Sensitivity to Insulin and Islet Cell Autoimmunity in Cystic Fibrosis Patients with Normal Glucose Tolerance

1990 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Cucinotta ◽  
Conti Nibali ◽  
T. Arrigo ◽  
A. Di Benedetto ◽  
G. Magazz&ugrave; ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Islet Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose

Association of ghrelin dynamics with beta cell function in Japanese subjects with normal glucose tolerance

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 616-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norimitsu Murai ◽  
Naoko Saito ◽  
Eriko Kodama ◽  
Tatsuya Iida ◽  
Kentaro Mikura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Japanese Subjects

scholarly journals Metabolic characteristics of Africans with normal glucose tolerance and elevated 1-hour glucose: insight from the Africans in America study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara M Briker ◽  
Thomas Hormenu ◽  
Christopher W DuBose ◽  
Lilian S Mabundo ◽  
Stephanie T Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Glucose Threshold

IntroductionRisk of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, diabetes and cardiac death is increased in Asians and Europeans with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 1-hour glucose ≥8.6 mmol/L. As African descent populations often have insulin resistance but a normal lipid profile, the implications for Africans with NGT and glucose ≥8.6 mmol/L (NGT-1-hour-high) are unknown.ObjectiveWe performed oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) in 434 African born-blacks living in Washington, DC (male: 66%, age 38±10 years (mean±SD)) and determined in the NGT group if either glucometabolic or lipid profiles varied according to a 1-hour-glucose threshold of 8.6 mmol/L.MethodsGlucose tolerance category was defined by OGTT criteria. NGT was subdivided into NGT-1-hour-high (glucose ≥8.6 mmol/L) and NGT-1-hour-normal (glucose <8.6 mmol/L). Second OGTT were performed in 27% (119/434) of participants 10±7 days after the first. Matsuda Index and Oral Disposition Index measured insulin resistance and beta-cell function, respectively. Lipid profiles were obtained. Comparisons were by one-way analysis of variance with Bonferonni corrections for multiple comparisons. Duplicate tests were assessed by к-statistic.ResultsOne-hour-glucose ≥8.6 mmol/L occurred in 17% (47/272) with NGT, 72% (97/134) with pre-diabetes and in 96% (27/28) with diabetes. Both insulin resistance and beta-cell function were worse in NGT-1-hour-high than in NGT-1-hour-normal. Dyslipidemia occurred in both the diabetes and pre-diabetes groups but not in either NGT group. One-hour glucose concentration ≥8.6 mmol/L showed substantial agreement for the two OGTTs (к=0.628).ConclusionsAlthough dyslipidemia did not occur in either NGT group, insulin resistance and beta-cell compromise were worse in NGT-1 hour-high. Subdividing the NGT group at a 1-hour glucose threshold of 8.6 mmol/L may stratify risk for diabetes in Africans.

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