Combined hydro-wind frequency control scheme: Modal analysis and isolated power system case example

2021 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 1056-1072
Author(s):  
Guillermo Martínez – Lucas ◽  
José Ignacio Sarasua ◽  
Ana Fernández – Guillamón ◽  
Ángel Molina – García
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Modal Analysis ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Wind Frequency

scholarly journals 5G Poor and Rich Novel Control Scheme Based Load Frequency Regulation of a Two-Area System with 100% Renewables in Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Hady H. Fayek
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Non Linear

Remote farms in Africa are cultivated lands planned for 100% sustainable energy and organic agriculture in the future. This paper presents the load frequency control of a two-area power system feeding those farms. The power system is supplied by renewable technologies and storage facilities only which are photovoltaics, biogas, biodiesel, solar thermal, battery storage and flywheel storage systems. Each of those facilities has 150-kW capacity. This paper presents a model for each renewable energy technology and energy storage facility. The frequency is controlled by using a novel non-linear fractional order proportional integral derivative control scheme (NFOPID). The novel scheme is compared to a non-linear PID controller (NPID), fractional order PID controller (FOPID), and conventional PID. The effect of the different degradation factors related to the communication infrastructure, such as the time delay and packet loss, are modeled and simulated to assess the controlled system performance. A new cost function is presented in this research. The four controllers are tuned by novel poor and rich optimization (PRO) algorithm at different operating conditions. PRO controller design is compared to other state of the art techniques in this paper. The results show that the PRO design for a novel NFOPID controller has a promising future in load frequency control considering communication delays and packet loss. The simulation and optimization are applied on MATLAB/SIMULINK 2017a environment.

scholarly journals Load Frequency Control in a Multi-Area Deregulated Power System with BBBC-based Discrete Fractional Order Control Scheme

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Frequency Error ◽  
Area Control Error ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Deregulated Power System ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Big Crunch

Load frequency control (LFC) for multi-area restructured power system using discrete controlscheme has been suggested in this paper. The proposed LFC scheme utilizes synchronously measured dataof frequency and tie-line power to calculate area control error (ACE). A discrete non-integer proportionalintegral derivative controller (D-FOPID) has been used to derive frequency error to zero. Two-area thermaland four-area hydro thermal deregulated power system has been used to investigate various LFC issues. Theoptimal factors of D-FOPID have been obtained using big bang big crunch (BBBC) algorithm. The systemresults under MATLAB/Simulink validate that D-FOPID effectively work under different types of contractscenarios. D-FOPID performance has also been compared to discrete proportional integral derivativecontroller (D-PID). Further the compliance with control standards of North American electric reliabilitycouncil (NERC) has also been ensured for both the controller.

scholarly journals Novel Neural Network-Based Load Frequency Control Scheme: A Case Study of Restructured Power System

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Nagendra Kumar ◽  
Hasmat Mlik ◽  
Akhilesh Singh ◽  
Majed A. Alotaibi ◽  
Mohammed E. Nassar
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Power System ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Restructured Power System ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Control Scheme

scholarly journals Dual Frequency Regulation in Pumping Mode in a Wind–Hydro Isolated System

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2865 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Sarasúa ◽  
Guillermo Martínez-Lucas ◽  
Carlos Platero ◽  
José Sánchez-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Pump Station ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Pumped Storage

Frequency control is one of the most critical tasks in isolated power systems, especially in high renewable penetration scenarios. This paper presents a new hydropower pumped-storage dual control strategy that combines variable-speed-driven pumps and fixed-speed-driven pumps. A possible case for implementation of such a control scheme is described based on El Hierro Island’s power system. This isolated power system consists of a hybrid wind pumped-storage hydropower plant and diesel generators. The pumped-storage power plant is divided into a hydropower plant equipped with four Pelton turbines and a pump station equipped with both fixed- and variable-speed pumps. According to the proposed control scheme, frequency regulation will be provided by a dual controller: a continuous controller for the variable-speed pumps and a discrete controller for the fixed-speed pumps. The Pelton units, which operate as synchronous condensers, also supply the power system inertia. Therefore, diesel units may be disconnected, decreasing generation costs and greenhouse gas emissions. Owing to the combination of both controllers and the inertia of the Pelton units, an acceptable frequency regulation can be achieved. This technique has been validated through computer simulations.

Effect of TCPS, SMES, and DFIG on load frequency control of a multi-area multi-source power system using multi-verse optimized fuzzy-PID controller with derivative filter

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (24) ◽  
pp. 5922-5937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Sathans Suhag
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Fuzzy Pid ◽  
Source Power ◽  
Proportional Integral ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Integral Controller ◽  
Derivative Filter ◽  
Ant Lion

In this paper, a novel multi-verse optimized fuzzy-PID (proportional–integral–derivative) controller with derivative filter (fuzzy-PIDF) is proposed for load frequency control of a two-area multi-source power system, with each area consisting of a reheat thermal and a hydro unit. The superiority of the Multi-Verse Optimizer algorithm is demonstrated against some recently published modern heuristic optimization techniques. For comparative analysis of the proposed control scheme, the conventional integral, proportional–integral, and PIDF controllers are also implemented. The effect of the thyristor-controlled phase shifter, superconducting magnetic energy storage, and doubly fed induction generators, considered individually and in various combinations, is investigated. Further, with an integral controller optimized using Multi-Verse Optimizer, the value of the integral of time multiplied absolute error, one of the performance indicators, is reduced by 85.61%, 83.91%, 70.42%, 67.69%, and 73.15% compared with optimization of the integral controller using Ant Lion Optimizer, Grey Wolf Optimizer, Differential Evolution, Bacterial Foraging, and Particle Swarm Optimization, respectively. Also, to quote a representative case, with Multi-Verse Optimizer, the settling times in respect of frequency deviations of area-1, area-2, and tie-line power are improved by 94.36%, 98.28%, and 95.44%, respectively, as compared with the results obtained using Ant Lion Optimizer. Further, robustness of the proposed control scheme is also investigated against variation of system parameters within ±10% besides random step load disturbances. Of all the controllers implemented here, the proposed optimized fuzzy-PIDF controller exhibits the best performance. Modeling and simulations were carried out using MATLAB/Simulink.

Cyber security study for power systems under denial of service attacks

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1600-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yubin Shen ◽  
Minrui Fei ◽  
Dajun Du
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Power System ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Denial Of Service Attacks ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Control Scheme

An open communication infrastructure is used to support data transmission in a modern deregulated power system, it makes communication channels vulnerable to cyber-attacks and the reliability of the power system is affected. This paper studies the load frequency control of a one area power system under denial-of-service attacks. First, the state model of the closed-loop power system for one area is formulated, where the time delay of the communication channels is taken into account. Secondly, an event-triggering control mechanism is integrated with the load frequency control scheme of the power system; it can effectively improve the utilization of communication channels for an area control error transmission. Then, by utilizing the average dwell time design approach, the exponential stability criteria and the good stability effect can be obtained for a one area power system with an event-triggered load frequency control scheme under denial-of-service attacks, if an appropriate rate is chosen for the allowable denial-of-service attacks duration when the entire system running, and if the time delay margin can be acquired for these criteria. Finally, an example shows that the dynamics of a one area power system are compared with different denial-of-service attacks scenarios.

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