The role of cognition and adaptive behavior in employment of people with mental retardation

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chwen-Yng Su ◽  
Yueh-Hsien Lin ◽  
Yuh-Yih Wu ◽  
Ching-Chiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Adaptive Behavior

scholarly journals ROLE OF PARENTS IN THE EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF MENTALLY RETARDED LEARNERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (47) ◽  
pp. 11657-11663
Author(s):  
Aruna Anchal ◽  
Poonam Rani
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Intellectual Functioning ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Family ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Education Of Students

Parents can play a vital role in the training and development of children with intellectual disabilities. In training of functional skills among children with disabilities parents help a lot in achieving target goals. The purpose of the study was to study the role of parent's involvement in education on the academic performance of the mentally retarded learners. Mental retardation is a problem with impact on the whole spectrum of domesticconcerns confronting the nation today. The education of students with mental retardation has an interesting history. Mental retardation is a condition characterized by low general intellectual functioning and deficits in adaptive behavior Ndurumo (1993). The American Association on Mental Retardation definition state that mental retardation is a disability characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social and practical adaptive skills. This disability originate before age 10.(Luckasson et al., 2002,p.1). All children are unique individuals and stereotypes or suggestions certain children are a “type” must be avoided. Deborah(1992) notes that, children with intellectual challenges exist in our communities and we should accept the challenges of living and working with them. The parents are the first and most important teachers for children, as they play the role of teaching during interaction with children (Lin, 1996). Epstein (1992) also pointed out that, the family has an important influence upon children as they stay at home much longer than at school as well as more in-family interaction than schooling. Now the present conceptual papers based on objectives with (i) To understand the basic characteristics of mentally retarded learners’. (ii) To understand the role of parents in education for mentally retarded students. (iii) To discuss the Some Differences Common to Educable Retarded Pupils.

EFFECTS OF ASPHYXIATION OF THE FETUS AND THE NEWBORN INFANT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-569
Author(s):  
William F. Windle
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Asphyxia Neonatorum

There is pressing need of well controlled clinical evaluation of the role of adverse factors in the prenatal, natal and early postnatal periods in the etiology of neurological disorders. This is particularly true of asphyxia neonatorum. Many articles have been written on relationships between apnea, anoxia or asphyxia and manifestations of mental retardation, cerebral palsy, epilepsy and othe neurological, psychological and behavioral defects. The majority of the writers express opinions, but give no evidence that data were collected. Controls are commonly lacking. Often no attempt to measure the variables appears to have been made. A review1 of more than 500 reports, commentaries and testimonials of clinical experiences reveals deficiency in basic information of physiology of the fetus and newborn that is nothing short of appalling.

scholarly journals The Role of Mechanical Restraints in the Management of Disturbed Behaviour

1978 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezzat F. Guirguis ◽  
Henry B. Durost
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Staff Training ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Violent Behaviour ◽  
Contentious Issue ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Psychiatric Units ◽  
Mechanical Restraints

The use of mechanical restraints for the management of disturbed or violent psychiatric patients continues to be a controversial issue. A survey of their use was carried out by means of a questionnaire sent to 370 psychiatric facilities in Canada to which there was a 62.2% response. General hospital psychiatric units, psychiatric hospitals and mental retardation centres accounted for 83.0% (191) of the returns and were the only facilities analyzed. The study showed that the vast majority still use mechanical restraints. The types of restraints in order of frequency of use included posey belts or shirts, isolation room, straps, sheets, strait jackets, wet or dry packs, hydrotherapy, and others. Violent behaviour is the main reason for which restraints are used. Medical orders, recording procedures and staff training in techniques of managing disturbed behaviour are reviewed. An important finding is the significant majority of facilities that have no stated policy permitting or forbidding the use of restraints. The findings are briefly related to Tuke's work in 1882 pointing to similarities in practice. Finally, the authors emphasize the need to deal with this contentious issue in an enlightened manner reflecting modern day demands.

Assessment of Understanding by People Manifesting Mental Retardation: A Preliminary Report

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Coles ◽  
T. T. Freitas ◽  
R. Tweed
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Psychometric Test ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Fitness To Stand Trial

An analysis of the psychological aspects of the legal concept of competency/fitness to stand trial draws attention to the central role of understanding. The rationale of certain basic requirements for the construct validity of a psychometric test of understanding in people with mental retardation is presented, and a test that meets those requirements is described.

scholarly journals The Y chromosome disomy syndrome (47, XYY) in children with mental retardation, deviations of sex development and different genome anomalies: molecular cytogenetic studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
S. G. Vorsanova ◽  
I. V. Solovyev ◽  
O. S. Kurinnaya ◽  
V. S. Kravets ◽  
A. D. Kolotii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chromosome Instability ◽  
Psychomotor Retardation ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic ◽  
Sex Development

The article present the results of retrospectively analyzed children (4424 boys) with mental and psychomotor retardation, congenital malformations and/or developmental micro anomalies. 23 children had various forms of Y chromosome dysomy syndrome. The frequency of this syndrome in the studied cohort was 0.52%; and in this connection the authors discussed the role of Y-chromosome in the origin of mental retardation. Besides, the chromosome instability in sex and somatic cells is supposed to be a common mechanism of different chromosomal anomalies. The authors discussed the possibility of cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic diagnosis, and also clinical polymorphism of the syndrome. The authors established the necessity of molecular cytogenetic technologies in the diagnosis of different forms of the syndrome, including mosaic forms and isodicentric chromosomes-connected forms. The severity of clinical symptoms doesn’t depend on presence of regular or mosaic forms of the syndrome. The study assumes a possible connection of clinical polymorphism with mosaisism, associated with the presence of abnormal cells (cell lines) in different tissues, together with the role of Y chromosome in the origin of mental retardation in children with Y- chromosome disomy syndrome and other chromosomal anomalies. The authors underline the necessity of molecular cytogenetic diagnosis of different forms of the syndrome for correct medical and genetic consultation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document