Dynamics of active fire data and their relationship with fires in the areas of regularized indigenous lands in the Southern Amazon

This work is a study on the works of Elizabeth Cook-Lynn who is proficient scholar and hails from South Dakotas and Sioux nations and their turmoil, anguish and lamentation to retrieve their lands and preserve their culture and race. Many a aboriginals were killed in the post colonization. Elizabeth Cook-Lynn grieves and her lamentation for the people of Dakotas yields sympathy towards the survived at Wounded Knee massacre and the great exploitation of the livelihood of the indigenous people and the cruelty of American Federal government. Treaty conserved indigenous lands had been lost due to the title of Sioux Nation and many Dakotas and Dakotas had been forced off from their homelands due to the anti-Indian legislation, poverty and federal Indian – white American policy. The whites had no more regard for or perceiving the native’s peoples’ culture and political status as considered by Jefferson’s epoch. And to collect bones and Indian words, delayed justice all these issues tempt her to write. The authors accuses that America was in ignorance and racism and imperialism which was prevalent in the westward movement. The natives want to recall their struggles, and their futures filled with uncertainty by the reality and losses by the white and Indian life in America which had undergone deliberate diminishment by the American government sparks the writer to back for the indigenous peoples. This multifaceted study links American study with Native American studies. This research brings to highlight the unchangeable scenario of the Native American who is in the bonds of as American further this research scrutinizes Elizabeth’s diplomacy and legalized decolonization theory which reflects in her literature career and her works but defies to her own doctrines.

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The residue of imperium: Property and sovereignty on Indigenous lands

University of Toronto Law Journal ◽

10.3138/utlj.2017-0084 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 319-357

Author(s):

Douglas Sanderson

Keyword(s):

Indigenous Lands

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Specification for active fire curtain barrier assemblies and active fire barrier assemblies with smoke rating

10.3403/30151490 ◽

2007 ◽

Keyword(s):

Active Fire ◽

Fire Barrier ◽

Smoke Rating

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Active fire curtain barrier assemblies

10.3403/bs8524 ◽

2015 ◽

Keyword(s):

Active Fire

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Post-Fire Assessment of Burned Areas with Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 Imagery Together with Modis and Viirs Active Fire Products

IGARSS 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium ◽

10.1109/igarss39084.2020.9324512 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Cesario Vincenzo Angelino ◽

Luca Cicala ◽

Sara Parrilli ◽

Nicomino Fiscante ◽

Silvia Liberata Ullo

Keyword(s):

Landsat 8 ◽

Burned Areas ◽

Active Fire ◽

Sentinel 2

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Twenty-first century droughts have not increasingly exacerbated fire season severity in the Brazilian Amazon

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-82158-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

R. Libonati ◽

J. M. C. Pereira ◽

C. C. Da Camara ◽

L. F. Peres ◽

D. Oom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forest Fires ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

First Century ◽

Fire Season ◽

Fire Intensity ◽

Amazon Forest ◽

Active Fire ◽

Fire Activity ◽

Twenty First Century ◽

In Fire

AbstractBiomass burning in the Brazilian Amazon is modulated by climate factors, such as droughts, and by human factors, such as deforestation, and land management activities. The increase in forest fires during drought years has led to the hypothesis that fire activity decoupled from deforestation during the twenty-first century. However, assessment of the hypothesis relied on an incorrect active fire dataset, which led to an underestimation of the decreasing trend in fire activity and to an inflated rank for year 2015 in terms of active fire counts. The recent correction of that database warrants a reassessment of the relationships between deforestation and fire. Contrasting with earlier findings, we show that the exacerbating effect of drought on fire season severity did not increase from 2003 to 2015 and that the record-breaking dry conditions of 2015 had the least impact on fire season of all twenty-first century severe droughts. Overall, our results for the same period used in the study that originated the fire-deforestation decoupling hypothesis (2003–2015) show that decoupling was clearly weaker than initially proposed. Extension of the study period up to 2019, and novel analysis of trends in fire types and fire intensity strengthened this conclusion. Therefore, the role of deforestation as a driver of fire activity in the region should not be underestimated and must be taken into account when implementing measures to protect the Amazon forest.

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A Deep Learning Approach to Downscale Geostationary Satellite Imagery for Decision Support in High Impact Wildfires

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12030294 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 294

Author(s):

Nicholas F. McCarthy ◽

Ali Tohidi ◽

Yawar Aziz ◽

Matt Dennie ◽

Mario Miguel Valero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Deep Learning ◽

Decision Support ◽

Real Time ◽

Forest Fires ◽

Wildland Fire ◽

Fire Spread ◽

Low Earth Orbit ◽

Practical Implementation ◽

Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽

Active Fire

Scarcity in wildland fire progression data as well as considerable uncertainties in forecasts demand improved methods to monitor fire spread in real time. However, there exists at present no scalable solution to acquire consistent information about active forest fires that is both spatially and temporally explicit. To overcome this limitation, we propose a statistical downscaling scheme based on deep learning that leverages multi-source Remote Sensing (RS) data. Our system relies on a U-Net Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to downscale Geostationary (GEO) satellite multispectral imagery and continuously monitor active fire progression with a spatial resolution similar to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) sensors. In order to achieve this, the model trains on LEO RS products, land use information, vegetation properties, and terrain data. The practical implementation has been optimized to use cloud compute clusters, software containers and multi-step parallel pipelines in order to facilitate real time operational deployment. The performance of the model was validated in five wildfires selected from among the most destructive that occurred in California in 2017 and 2018. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in monitoring fire progression with high spatiotemporal resolution, which can be instrumental for decision support during the first hours of wildfires that may quickly become large and dangerous. Additionally, the proposed methodology can be leveraged to collect detailed quantitative data about real-scale wildfire behaviour, thus supporting the development and validation of fire spread models.

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Environmental Threats over Amazonian Indigenous Lands

Land ◽

10.3390/land10030267 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 267

Author(s):

Ana C. Rorato ◽

Michelle C. A. Picoli ◽

Judith A. Verstegen ◽

Gilberto Camara ◽

Francisco Gilney Silva Bezerra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Indigenous Peoples ◽

Forest Degradation ◽

Forest Loss ◽

Mining Activities ◽

Buffer Zones ◽

Environmental Preservation ◽

Environmental Threats ◽

Indigenous Lands ◽

Arc Of Deforestation

This study investigates the main threats related to environmental degradation that affect Amazonian Indigenous Lands (ILs). Through a cluster analysis, we group ILs according to the set of common environmental threats that occur within and outside their limits. The results show that most of the 383 ILs are affected internally by a combination of different environmental threats, namely: deforestation, forest degradation, fires, mining, croplands, pastures, and roads. However, the ILs affected by multiple and relatively severe threats are mainly located in the arc of deforestation and the Roraima state. The threats related to forest loss (deforestation, forest degradation, and fires) are more intense in the ILs’ buffer zones than within, showing that ILs effectively promote environmental preservation. In the cluster analysis, we identified seven clusters that are characterized by common environmental threats within and around their limits, and, based on these results, we have outlined four environmental policy priorities to be strengthened and applied in Amazonian ILs: protecting ILs’ buffer zones; strengthening surveillance actions, and combating illegal deforestation, forest degradation, and mining activities in ILs; preventing and fighting fires; and removing invaders from all ILs in the Amazon. In this study, we warn that the threats presented make the Indigenous peoples in the Amazon more vulnerable. To guarantee indigenous peoples’ rights, illegal actions in these territories and their surroundings must be contained, and quickly.

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