Empirical relationship between near-IR reflectance of melting seasonal snow and environmental temperature in a Himalayan basin

Abstract This work presents the results of the evaluation of two Art Nouveau glass windows from the Casa-Museu Dr. Anastácio Gonçalves (Lisbon, Portugal) with IR-thermography during the summer solstice. According to the measurements, the surface temperature of glass depended on the outdoor environmental temperature and, mainly, on the direct solar radiation. Colored glasses presented a higher surface temperature due to the absorption of their chromophores at near-IR wavelengths. Enamels and grisailles showed higher surface temperatures than their support glasses due to both their chemical composition and color. The protective glazing, with small slits in one of the window panels, induced a hot-air pocket in its upper part due to the insufficient ventilation.

Download Full-text

Characterization of conichalcite by SEM, FTIR, Raman and electronic reflectance spectroscopy

Mineralogical Magazine ◽

10.1180/0026461056920243 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 69 (2) ◽

pp. 155-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

B. J. Reddy ◽

R. L. Frost ◽

W. N. Martens

Keyword(s):

Near Infrared ◽

Adsorbed Water ◽

Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽

Sem Images ◽

X Ray ◽

Near Ir ◽

Ir Reflectance ◽

Yavapai County ◽

Ir Bands

AbstractThe mineral conichalcite from the western part of Bagdad mine, Bagdad, Eureka District, Yavapai County, Arizona, USA has been characterized by electronic, near-infrared (NIR), Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the mineral consists of bundles of fibres. Calculations based on the results of the energy dispersive X-ray analyses on a stoichiometric basis show the substitution of arsenate by 12 wt.% of phosphate in the mineral. Raman and IR bands are assigned in terms of the fundamental modes of AsO43− and PO43− molecules and are related to the mineral structure. Near-IR reflectance spectroscopy shows the presence of adsorbed water and hydroxyl units in the mineral. The Cu(II) coordination polyhedron in conichalcite can have at best pseudo-tetragonal geometry. The crystal field and tetragonal field parameters of the Cu(II) complex were calculated and found to agree well with the values reported for known tetragonal distortion octahedral complexes.

Download Full-text

Near IR reflectance characteristics of PMMA/ZnO nanocomposites for solar thermal control interface films

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells ◽

10.1016/j.solmat.2014.02.033 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 125 ◽

pp. 102-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

S. Soumya ◽

A. Peer Mohamed ◽

Lucy Paul ◽

Kiran Mohan ◽

S. Ananthakumar

Keyword(s):

Thermal Control ◽

Solar Thermal ◽

Near Ir ◽

Control Interface ◽

Ir Reflectance

Download Full-text

Near-IR Reflectance Spectroscopy for the Determination of Motor Oil Contamination in Sandy Loam

Applied Spectroscopy ◽

10.1366/0003702963906221 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 334-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Brian R. Stallard ◽

Manuel J. Garcia ◽

Sumanth Kaushik

Keyword(s):

Organic Contaminants ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Sampling Error ◽

Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽

Oil Contamination ◽

Motor Oil ◽

Near Ir ◽

Ir Reflectance ◽

The One

We have investigated the application of near-IR reflectance spectroscopy to the determination of motor oil contamination in sandy loam. Although the present work is concerned with a specific case of contamination, we discuss the possibility of applying the method to other organic contaminants and other types of soil. The spectral region considered was 1600–1900 nm, which contains the first overtone of the CH stretch. Using a commercial Fourier transform spectrometer together with cross-validated partial least-squares data analysis, the one-sigma precision for the determination of motor oil in sandy loam was 0.17 wt % (0.13 to 0.26 wt % at the 95% confidence level). The largest contribution to the precision of the determination was sampling error, or inhomogeneity in each sample. Given the precision limit imposed by the sampling error, we found that the performance of the spectrometer could be lowered without affecting the overall precision. In a modeling exercise, adequate performance was obtained with a spectrometer having only seven spectral channels with a spectral resolution of 10 nm and a spectral noise level of 10−3 absorbance units. A design for an inexpensive miniature instrument is presented.

Download Full-text

GDGT Thermometry: Lipid Tools for Reconstructing Paleotemperatures

The Paleontological Society Papers ◽

10.1017/s1089332600002588 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

pp. 115-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jessica E. Tierney

Keyword(s):

Microbial Communities ◽

Surface Sediment ◽

Organic Material ◽

Middle Jurassic ◽

Chemical Structure ◽

Cell Membranes ◽

Environmental Temperature ◽

Empirical Relationship ◽

Relative Distribution ◽

Bacterial Ecology

Microbial communities adjust the chemical structure of their cell membranes in response to environmental temperature. This enables the development of lipid-based paleothermometers such as the glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) proxies described here. Surface-sediment calibrations establish a strong empirical relationship between the relative distribution of GDGTs and temperature. GDGT proxies can be used in marine, lacustrine, and paleosol sequences as long as the organic material is not thermally mature. Thus far, GDGT proxies have been applied to sediments dating back to the middle Jurassic. Many of the key uncertainties of these proxies are related to our emerging understanding of archaeal (and for the branched GDGTs, bacterial) ecology.

Download Full-text