Comparison of the therapeutic efficacy of salicylic acid paste with a polyurethane wound dressing for the treatment of digital dermatitis lesions in dairy cows

SummaryObjective: The use of antibiotics is a proven approach for local and systemic treatment of digital dermatitis (DD). Even if they are administered only locally and at low dosage, their use should be restricted to an absolute minimum. The efficacy of a commercial polyurethane wound dressing in treating acute digital dermatitis was compared with topical treatment using a commercially available tetracycline spray and a salicylic acid paste. Materials and methods: A total of 105 cows in a dairy farm (with about 160 dairy cows) were included in the study, with 101 cows needing topical treatment for digital dermatitis on one or both hind feet. All animals underwent hoof trimming prior to the treatment. Affected feet (n = 152) were randomly assigned to one of three comparable treatment groups. Topical treatment was administered to all visible digital dermatitis lesions. Animals in the positive control groups were given a topical treatment of tetracycline (53 DD lesions in 49 cows) or salicylic acid (53 DD lesions in 50 cows) formulations, whose therapeutic effects were scientifically verified. Spray was applied once, at a usual dosage and without any bandage. Salicylic acid paste was fixed in place with a bandage for 5 days. In the test group (46 DD lesions in 45 cows), a polyurethane bandage was left in place for 10 days. Whereas, 47 feet (from 38 cows) without lesions or with lesions showing no pain were designated as group 0. Each lesion was evaluated at day 0 during trimming, and on day 10 and 36. The lesions were scored based on severity and size. Results: All groups showed a statistically significant improvement in the clinical appearance of the lesions at day 10. There were no significant differences in the findings between the second and the third evaluation (day 10 and day 36) either within a group or between the groups. Conclusion: The use of an alternative treatment regimen like a polyurethane wound dressing shows good clinical healing, it is as effective as the conventional methods, and unlike the conventional methods, does not require a latency period.

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Bovine digital dermatitis in the Brazilian Amazon biome and topical treatment with Copaifera reticulata oil

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6715 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (11) ◽

pp. 842-851

Author(s):

Henrique A. Bomjardim ◽

Mariana C. Oliveira ◽

Marilene F. Brito ◽

Carlos M.C. Oliveira ◽

Bruno M. Monteiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Topical Treatment ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

The State ◽

Control Measures ◽

Digital Dermatitis ◽

Copaiba Oil ◽

Microscopic Features ◽

Low Prevalence

ABSTRACT: Bovine Digital Dermatitis (BDD) was studied in crossbred dairy cows grazing in Rondon do Pará, in the state of Pará, as well as in Açailândia and Cidelândia, in the state of Maranhão, Brazilian Amazon biome. The digits inspection from the dairy cows during milking was performed in ten farms comprising four visits (August and November 2016; April and July 2017). The cows were kept all year in pastures, and were mechanically milked on concrete floors and the animals were protected against the rains in eight farms, maintaining a daily cleaning, however, it could not be found a concrete floor in pre- or post-milking to ensure milking parlor on three farms. Manual milking on no concrete floors was performed in two farms. No preventive measures against hoof lesions were adopted. The BDD prevalence was 1.3% (22/1664), and no statistical difference among rainy or no rainy season was obtained (p = 0.72). The BDD lesions were classified according to “M system” (M0 = no lesion, M1 = active ulceration <2cm, M2 = active ulceration >2cm, M3 = healing stage, M4 = chronic stage, M4.1 = M4 with active ulceration). Regarding the 22 BDD lesions observed, 22.7% (5/22) were M1 stage, 36.4% (8/22) M2, 22.7% (5/22) M3, 13.6% (3/22) M4 and 4.5 (1/22) M4.1. Hypertrophic hairs at the edges of the lesions caused by fly larvae of genus Cochliomyia spp. as well as alterations on the hoof were also observed. Topical treatment was performed in six BDD lesions with a raw extract from trees of the genus Copaifera reticulata (Copaiba oil) and compared with the treatment of salicylic acid paste in five BDD lesions. The lesions were protected with a bandage for seven days and followed weekly until recovery. The complete therapeutic responses were 83.4% (5/6) and 75% (3/4), respectively, with an average time of seven weeks. The BDD in the Amazon biome occurs in low prevalence, not seasonal, and presents macro and microscopic features similar to BDD lesions from dairy cattle kept in free-stall housing. The treatment with copaiba oil showed similar results to the treatment of salicylic acid paste and can be used in control measures to BDD in the Amazon biome.

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A Comprehensive Review On Alginate As Wound Dressing Biomaterial

Current Applied Polymer Science ◽

10.2174/2452271604999200518085622 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 04 ◽

Author(s):

Sourav Mohanto ◽

Prithviraj Chakraborty ◽

Chidambaram Soundra Pandian ◽

Shubhradeep Manna ◽

Joni Dutta

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Efficacy ◽

Wound Dressing ◽

Chronic Wound ◽

Healing Process ◽

Wound Healing Process ◽

Detailed Knowledge ◽

Pathophysiological Mechanisms ◽

Moist Environment ◽

Bioactive Agents ◽

Mechanical Nature

Background: The design and characteristics of alginate biomaterial have a significant role in wound dressing and tissue regeneration. The ideal biomaterial for wound dressing must have biodegradable, biocompatible, non-inflammatory, non-toxic. Objective: Wound dressing should promote the re-epithelization and protect the wound for further infection by creating a moist environment. The physical and mechanical nature of the alginate biopolymer has the potential to influence the pathophysiological mechanisms in the chronic wound actively. The application of this biomaterial provides an ampule advantage to synthetic polymers. Method: The wound healing process is a critical step involved in different phases. The presence of cross-linkers, polymers along with alginate lead to a decrease in the mechanical property of dressing. Hence the effective material choosing along with alginate is a very critical decision. The therapeutic efficacy of the alginate dressing system (film, hydrogel, wafer, etc.) influenced by the incorporation of different materials such as bioactive agents, nanoparticles, cross-linker, nature of the excipients, etc. Results: The ion exchange occurring between dressing and exudates resulted in the formation of gel, due to the glucuronic acid presence in alginate. This gel absorbs moisture and maintains an appropriate moist environment and actively influence the pathophysiological mechanisms in the chronic wound. Conclusion: This review gives a detailed knowledge of the researchers to work with alginate and provides knowledge about the incorporation of the appropriate material and their therapeutic efficacy in wound dressing.

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Evaluation of a biocide footbath solution in the occurrence and healing of digital dermatitis lesions in dairy cows: A clinical trial

Preventive Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.12.017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 163 ◽

pp. 58-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J.M. Ariza ◽

N. Bareille ◽

A. Lehebel ◽

K. Oberle ◽

A. Relun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Digital Dermatitis

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Efficacy of salicylic acid in the treatment of digital dermatitis in dairy cattle

The Veterinary Journal ◽

10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.09.002 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 198 (2) ◽

pp. 518-523 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

N. Schultz ◽

N. Capion

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Dairy Cattle ◽

Digital Dermatitis

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Randomised clinical trial showing the curative effect of bandaging on M2-stage lesions of digital dermatitis in dairy cows

Veterinary Record Open ◽

10.1136/vetreco-2017-000264 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. e000264 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marcus Klawitter ◽

Dörte Döpfer ◽

Theo Broderick Braden ◽

Ermias Amene ◽

Kerstin Elisabeth Mueller

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Dairy Herd ◽

Randomised Clinical Trial ◽

Digital Dermatitis ◽

Group 4 ◽

Treatment Type ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Objectives and designThis trial evaluated the effect of bandaging of acute painful ulcerative bovine digital dermatitis (DD) lesion (stage M2) in dairy cows, tested using two different topical treatments.DesignRandomised clinical trial.SettingThis study was conducted using Holstein-Friesian cows ranging in age from heifers to fourth lactation in a single dairy herd and diagnosed with acute ulcerative DD lesions (stage M2) on the first examination (week 0). Cows were randomly assigned into either a non-bandaged or bandaged group across two treatment conditions: topical chlortetracycline spray (CTC) and Intra Hoof-Fit Gel (IHF). Lesions received standardised bandaging and treatment on a weekly basis. Unhealed lesions could receive up to five repeated treatments, at weekly intervals, within a four-week period. Both M-stage and locomotion were also evaluated and scored weekly. Cows with healthily formed skin (stage M0) were deemed healed and subsequently released from the study.ResultsIn total, 163 M2 lesions were diagnosed at week 0. Bandaged M2 lesions had a significantly higher probability of cure than non-bandaged lesions regardless of treatment type (HR: 4.1; P<0.001; 95 per cent CI: 2.5 to 6.8). Most healing occurred within the first three weeks of trial. Furthermore, bandaged lesions (group 2 and group 4) were significantly less likely to progress into the chronic hyperkeratotic or proliferative stage (M4) than non-bandaged lesions in group 1 and group 3 (HR: 0.10; P<0.001; 95 per cent CI: 0.04 to 0.22). Out of concern for the cow’s wellbeing, this study investigated the effects of bandaging on locomotion. Bandaging had no effect on locomotion for either cows treated with CTC (group 1: median Sprecher score, 2; IQR=1–2; group 2: median Sprecher score, 2; IQR=1–3; P=0.3) or IHF (group 3: median Sprecher score, 2; IQR=1–2; group 4: median Sprecher score, 2; IQR=1–3; P=0.3).

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A Case-Series Report on The Use of a Salicylic Acid Bandage as a Non-Antibiotic Treatment for Early Detected, Non-Complicated Interdigital Phlegmon in Dairy Cows

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9040129 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 129

Author(s):

Ylva Persson ◽

Marie Jansson Mörk ◽

Märit Pringle ◽

Christer Bergsten

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Rectal Temperature ◽

General Condition ◽

Case Series ◽

Treatment Result ◽

Lower Body ◽

Case Series Report ◽

Interdigital Phlegmon ◽

Series Report

Interdigital phlegmon (IP) is an important cause of lameness in cattle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment effect of a salicylic acid bandage in the interdigital space in dairy cows with early detected IP. Dairy cows (n = 109) with IP diagnosed and treated by the farmer were included in the study. On day 0, the rectal temperature, general condition, coronary circumference, and lameness score were recorded. The cow was immobilized in a trimming chute and the interdigital space was cleaned and inspected. For treatment, 1–2 tablespoons of 100% salicylic acid powder were applied into the interdigital space followed by bandaging of the hoof. On days 1–2 and days 3–5, the rectal temperature, the general condition, and the lameness score were recorded. On days 3–5, the cow was restrained, the bandage was taken off, and the coronary circumference was recorded again. Treatment of IP with salicylic acid gave a satisfactory treatment result. Within three–five days, treated cows responded with reduced lameness, lower body temperature, decreased coronary swelling, and an improved general condition compared to the day when the treatment started. Salicylic acid therefore proved to be an alternative in the treatment of early-detected non-complicated IP.

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