Potential medicine sharing risk reduction strategies: A qualitative analysis of patients’ and health professionals’ views using the behaviour change wheel

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e25-e26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kebede Beyene ◽  
Trudi Aspden ◽  
Janie Sheridan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Behaviour Change Wheel ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Risk Reduction Strategies ◽  
Medicine Sharing

scholarly journals Occupational risks of COVID-19 in NHS workers in England

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
DA van der Plaat ◽  
I Madan ◽  
D Coggon ◽  
M van Tongeren ◽  
R Edge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Clinical Services ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Risk Reduction Strategies

AbstractObjectiveTo quantify occupational risks of Covid-19 among healthcare staff during the first wave of the pandemic in EnglandMethodsUsing pseudonymised data on 902,813 individuals continuously employed by 191 National Health Service trusts during 1.1.19 to 31.7.20, we explored demographic and occupational risk factors for sickness absence ascribed to Covid-19 during 9.3.20 to 31.7.20 (n = 92,880). We estimated odds ratios (ORs) by multivariate logistic regression.ResultsWith adjustment for employing trust, demographic characteristics, and previous frequency of sickness absence, risk relative to administrative/clerical occupations was highest in additional clinical services (a group that included care assistants) (OR 2.31), registered nursing and midwifery professionals (OR 2.28) and allied health professionals (OR 1.94), and intermediate in doctors and dentists (OR 1.55). Differences in risk were higher after the employing trust had started to care for documented Covid-19 patients, and were reduced, but not eliminated, following additional adjustment for exposure to infected patients or materials, assessed by a job-exposure matrix. For prolonged Covid-19 sickness absence (episodes lasting >14 days), the variation in risk by staff group was somewhat greater.ConclusionsAfter allowance for possible bias and confounding by non-occupational exposures, we estimated that relative risks for Covid-19 among most patient-facing occupations were between 1.5 and 2.5. The highest risks were in those working in additional clinical services, nursing and midwifery and in allied health professions. Better protective measures for these staff groups should be a priority. Covid-19 may meet criteria for compensation as an occupational disease in some healthcare occupations.Key messagesWhat is already known about this subject?Healthcare workers and other keyworkers (workers whose job was considered essential to societal functioning) had a higher likelihood of testing positive for COVID-19 than other workers during the first lockdown in England. Amongst healthcare workers, those working in inpatient settings had the highest rate of infection.What are the new findings?Between March and July 2000, the overall risk of COVID-19 sickness absence in National Health Service staff in England was lower at older ages, higher in non-white staff, and (in comparison with administrative and clerical staff) more than doubled in registered nurses and among workers such as healthcare assistants providing support to health professionals. Risk in health care scientists was little different from that in administrative and clerical occupationsHow might this impact on policy or clinical practice in the foreseeable future?Our results suggest that the risk reduction strategies that were in place for healthcare scientists were effective. However, the protection for nursing and supporting health professionals was insufficient. In the event of a further ‘wave’ of infections resulting in high hospital admissions, attention should be paid to ensuring that risk reduction strategies for nurses and supporting health professionals are improved.

scholarly journals Hazards of Risk: Identifying Plausible Community Wildfire Disasters in Low-Frequency Fire Regimes

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 934
Author(s):  
Andy McEvoy ◽  
Becky K. Kerns ◽  
John B. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Cascade Range ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Wildfire Risk ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Community Exposure ◽  
Risk Reduction Strategies

Optimized wildfire risk reduction strategies are generally not resilient in the event of unanticipated, or very rare events, presenting a hazard in risk assessments which otherwise rely on actuarial, mean-based statistics to characterize risk. This hazard of actuarial approaches to wildfire risk is perhaps particularly evident for infrequent fire regimes such as those in the temperate forests west of the Cascade Range crest in Oregon and Washington, USA (“Westside”), where fire return intervals often exceed 200 years but where fires can be extremely intense and devastating. In this study, we used wildfire simulations and building location data to evaluate community wildfire exposure and identify plausible disasters that are not based on typical mean-based statistical approaches. We compared the location and magnitude of simulated disasters to historical disasters (1984–2020) in order to characterize plausible surprises which could inform future wildfire risk reduction planning. Results indicate that nearly half of communities are vulnerable to a future disaster, that the magnitude of plausible disasters exceeds any recent historical events, and that ignitions on private land are most likely to result in very high community exposure. Our methods, in combination with more typical actuarial characterizations, provide a way to support investment in and communication with communities exposed to low-probability, high-consequence wildfires.

Prevention of Breast Cancer (Part II): Risk Reduction Strategies

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1070-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Tria Tirona ◽  
Rajesh Sehgal ◽  
Oscar Ballester
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Risk Reduction Strategies ◽  
Prevention Of Breast Cancer

Impact of the New York State Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (IStop) on chronic pain management by primary care providers

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Josiah D. Strawser, MD ◽  
Lauren Block, MD, MPH
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
New York State ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Risk Reduction Strategies

Objective: To explore the impact of the New York State Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (IStop) on the self-reported management of patients with chronic pain by primary care providers.Design: Mixed-methods study with survey collection and semistructured interviews.Setting: Multiple academic hospitals in New York.Participants: One hundred and thirty-six primary care providers (residents, fellows, attendings, and nurse practitioners) for survey collection, and eight primary care clinicians (residents, attending, and pharmacist) for interviews. Interventions: Introduction of IStop.Main outcome measure(s): Change in usage of four risk reduction strategies (pain contracts, urine tests, monthly visits, and co-management) as reported by primary care providers for patients with chronic pain.Results: After the introduction of IStop, 25 percent (32/128) of providers increased usage of monthly visits, 28 percent (36/128) of providers increased usage of pain management co-management with other healthcare providers, and 46 percent (60/129) of providers increased usage of at least one of four risk reduction strategies. Residents indicated much higher rates of change in risk reduction strategies due to IStop usage; increasing in the use of monthly visits (32 vs. 13 percent, p = 0.02) and co-management (36 vs. 13 percent, p = 0.01) occurred at a much higher rate in residents than attending physicians. Interview themes revealed an emphasis on finding opioid alternatives when possible, the need for frequent patient visits in effective pain management, and the importance of communication between the patient and provider to protect the relationship in chronic pain management.Conclusions: After the introduction of IStop, primary care providers have increased usage of risk reduction strategies in the care of chronic pain patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of flood risk reduction strategies through combinations of interventions

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik C. Berchum ◽  
William Mobley ◽  
Sebastiaan N. Jonkman ◽  
Jos S. Timmermans ◽  
Jan H. Kwakkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Flood Risk Reduction ◽  
Risk Reduction Strategies

scholarly journals Inadequate stakeholder management and its effect on a coherent sinkhole risk management strategy: The case of the Merafong Local Municipality, South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tshepo Moshodi ◽  
Christo Coetzee ◽  
Kristel Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Stakeholder Management ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Community Stakeholders ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Risk Reduction Strategies

The Merafong Local Municipality (MLM) has historically suffered financial and human losses because of the presence of dolomite and the consequent formation of sinkholes. There is a great need for the MLM to address the risk posed by sinkholes to ensure the continued safety of communities. However, as the risk is so pervasive, the MLM needs to coordinate their risk reduction strategies with a wide array of stakeholders in the municipality. Efficient stakeholder management is thus crucial if the sinkhole risk is to be addressed appropriately. This article reviews the current status of stakeholder management in the MLM as it pertains to the formulation of a holistic sinkhole risk reduction strategy. Findings indicate that there are serious deficiencies in the MLM’s stakeholder management relating to key risk management processes such as community involvement in risk management structures, disaster risk assessment, training and awareness, and early warning and response. Improved stakeholder management could be characterised by the following factors: improved two-way communication between the municipality and community stakeholders, fostering a relationship based upon trust and equality amongst stakeholders, participation by a wide array of stakeholder groups affected by the sinkhole risk and a mutual commitment by all stakeholders to address the risk. These factors could contribute to enhancing current and future sinkhole risk reduction strategies.

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