A Comparative Examination of the Family-based Early Intervention Programs Developed in Turkey and in the USA in the Last Decade

In order to prepare children from disadvantaged backgrounds for primary education, early intervention programs are used. Generally, a distinction is made between two types of intervention activities: those which are conducted at home (family-based activities) and those which are conducted in, for example, preschools (center-based activities). This research project tries to establish whether there is a relation between participation in early intervention activities and the educational achievements of 119 pupils from the cities of Tilburg and Waalwijk. A comparison is made between four groups of children: a group that took part in the family-based program Opstap Opnieuw, a group that went to preschool, a group that did both, and a control group. The performances of these four groups are followed during the first years of primary education. In addition, an estimate is made of the influence of family characteristics on the effectiveness of both types of intervention activities.

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A realistic review of family-based interventions for children of substance abusing parents.

10.32920/14636277 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amelia M. Usher ◽

Kelly E. McShane ◽

Candice Dwyer

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Disease Model ◽

Realist Review ◽

Program Theory ◽

Intervention Programs ◽

Substance Abusing ◽

The Family ◽

Prevention Model ◽

Family Based ◽

Family Based Interventions

Background Millions of children across North America and Europe live in families with alcohol or drug abusing parents. These children are at risk for a number of negative social, emotional and developmental outcomes, including an increased likelihood of developing a substance use disorder later in life. Family-based intervention programs for children with substance abusing parents can yield positive outcomes. This study is a realist review of evaluations of family-based interventions aimed at improving psychosocial outcomes for children of substance abusing parents (COSAPs). The primary objectives were to uncover patterns of contextual factors and mechanisms that generate program outcomes, and advance program theory in this field. Methods Realist review methodology was chosen as the most appropriate method of systematic review because it is a theory-driven approach that seeks to explore mechanisms underlying program effectiveness (or lack thereof). A systematic and comprehensive search of academic and grey literature uncovered 32 documents spanning 7 different intervention programs. Data was extracted from the included documents using abstraction templates designed to code for contexts, mechanisms and outcomes of each program. Two candidate program theories of family addiction were used to guide data analysis: the family disease model and the family prevention model. Data analysis was undertaken by a research team using an iterative process of comparison and checking with original documents to determine patterns within the data. Results Programs originating in both the family disease model and the family prevention model were uncovered, along with hybrid programs that successfully included components from each candidate program theory. Four demi-regularities were found to account for the effectiveness of programs included in this review: (1) opportunities for positive parent-child interactions, (2) supportive peer-to-peer relationships, (3) the power of knowledge, and (4) engaging hard to reach families using strategies that are responsive to socio-economic needs and matching services to client lived experience. Conclusions This review yielded new findings that had not otherwise been explored in COSAP program research and are discussed in order to help expand program theory. Implications for practice and evaluation are further discussed.

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Early Prevention of Alcohol and other Drug Use among Adolescents

Journal of Drug Education ◽

10.2190/h710-lt2l-0np0-ef0w ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 131-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

William H. James ◽

David D. Moore ◽

Molly McCulley Gregersen

Keyword(s):

Early Intervention ◽

Drug Use ◽

School Community ◽

Intervention Programs ◽

School Students ◽

Community Based ◽

Prevention And Intervention ◽

The Family ◽

Alcohol And Other Drugs ◽

The Impact

Among a variety of methods to prevent drug use among adolescents, school-community based prevention and intervention programs are prevalent. The impact of such programs will be compromised, however, if drug use among adolescents is impacted by forces apart from the impact of school-community prevention and intervention, such as the function of the family. On the other hand, prevention and intervention programs can have a powerful impact if teenage drug use is responded to through early intervention. The purpose of this study was to review a sample of students referred for drug assessments to determine how early intervention should occur and how involved high school and middle school students are with alcohol and other drugs.

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A realistic review of family-based interventions for children of substance abusing parents.

10.32920/14636277.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amelia M. Usher ◽

Kelly E. McShane ◽

Candice Dwyer

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Disease Model ◽

Realist Review ◽

Program Theory ◽

Intervention Programs ◽

Substance Abusing ◽

The Family ◽

Prevention Model ◽

Family Based ◽

Family Based Interventions

Background Millions of children across North America and Europe live in families with alcohol or drug abusing parents. These children are at risk for a number of negative social, emotional and developmental outcomes, including an increased likelihood of developing a substance use disorder later in life. Family-based intervention programs for children with substance abusing parents can yield positive outcomes. This study is a realist review of evaluations of family-based interventions aimed at improving psychosocial outcomes for children of substance abusing parents (COSAPs). The primary objectives were to uncover patterns of contextual factors and mechanisms that generate program outcomes, and advance program theory in this field. Methods Realist review methodology was chosen as the most appropriate method of systematic review because it is a theory-driven approach that seeks to explore mechanisms underlying program effectiveness (or lack thereof). A systematic and comprehensive search of academic and grey literature uncovered 32 documents spanning 7 different intervention programs. Data was extracted from the included documents using abstraction templates designed to code for contexts, mechanisms and outcomes of each program. Two candidate program theories of family addiction were used to guide data analysis: the family disease model and the family prevention model. Data analysis was undertaken by a research team using an iterative process of comparison and checking with original documents to determine patterns within the data. Results Programs originating in both the family disease model and the family prevention model were uncovered, along with hybrid programs that successfully included components from each candidate program theory. Four demi-regularities were found to account for the effectiveness of programs included in this review: (1) opportunities for positive parent-child interactions, (2) supportive peer-to-peer relationships, (3) the power of knowledge, and (4) engaging hard to reach families using strategies that are responsive to socio-economic needs and matching services to client lived experience. Conclusions This review yielded new findings that had not otherwise been explored in COSAP program research and are discussed in order to help expand program theory. Implications for practice and evaluation are further discussed.

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Expensive Burden?

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.68.6.914 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 914-914

Author(s):

Gabrial A. Bonnet

Keyword(s):

Early Intervention ◽

Developmental Disability ◽

Developmentally Disabled ◽

Intervention Programs ◽

The Family

In response to the article "On Growing New Neurons: Are Early Intervention Programs Effective" (Pediatrics 67:38, 1981), it is no wonder that the practicing pediatrician continues to be confused in knowing what is "best" for the developmentally disabled individual. This subject continues to be clouded with many unanswered questions. What is most concerning to many of us is that a referral to the Developmental Disability Clinic often generates tremendous expense to the family which in most cases is already burdened with significant debts.

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