Impact of urease inhibitor on ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions from temperate pasture soil cores receiving urea fertilizer and cattle urine

2013 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagrati Singh ◽  
A. Kunhikrishnan ◽  
N.S. Bolan ◽  
S. Saggar
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Urease Inhibitor ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Pasture Soil

scholarly journals Biochar and urease inhibitor mitigate NH3 and N2O emissions and improve wheat yield in a urea fertilized alkaline soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadim Dawar ◽  
Shah Fahad ◽  
M. M. R. Jahangir ◽  
Iqbal Munir ◽  
Syed Sartaj Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Urease Inhibitor ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Total N ◽  
N Assimilation

AbstractIn this study, we explored the role of biochar (BC) and/or urease inhibitor (UI) in mitigating ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O) discharge from urea fertilized wheat cultivated fields in Pakistan (34.01°N, 71.71°E). The experiment included five treatments [control, urea (150 kg N ha−1), BC (10 Mg ha−1), urea + BC and urea + BC + UI (1 L ton−1)], which were all repeated four times and were carried out in a randomized complete block design. Urea supplementation along with BC and BC + UI reduced soil NH3 emissions by 27% and 69%, respectively, compared to sole urea application. Nitrous oxide emissions from urea fertilized plots were also reduced by 24% and 53% applying BC and BC + UI, respectively, compared to urea alone. Application of BC with urea improved the grain yield, shoot biomass, and total N uptake of wheat by 13%, 24%, and 12%, respectively, compared to urea alone. Moreover, UI further promoted biomass and grain yield, and N assimilation in wheat by 38%, 22% and 27%, respectively, over sole urea application. In conclusion, application of BC and/or UI can mitigate NH3 and N2O emissions from urea fertilized soil, improve N use efficiency (NUE) and overall crop productivity.

scholarly journals Quantifying N2O emissions from intensive grassland production: the role of synthetic fertilizer type, application rate, timing and nitrification inhibitors

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 (5) ◽  
pp. 812-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. BELL ◽  
J. M. CLOY ◽  
C. F. E. TOPP ◽  
B. C. BALL ◽  
A. BAGNALL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Mitigation Options ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ipcc Default

SUMMARYIncreasing recognition of the extent to which nitrous oxide (N2O) contributes to climate change has resulted in greater demand to improve quantification of N2O emissions, identify emission sources and suggest mitigation options. Agriculture is by far the largest source and grasslands, occupying c. 0·22 of European agricultural land, are a major land-use within this sector. The application of mineral fertilizers to optimize pasture yields is a major source of N2O and with increasing pressure to increase agricultural productivity, options to quantify and reduce emissions whilst maintaining sufficient grassland for a given intensity of production are required. Identification of the source and extent of emissions will help to improve reporting in national inventories, with the most common approach using the IPCC emission factor (EF) default, where 0·01 of added nitrogen fertilizer is assumed to be emitted directly as N2O. The current experiment aimed to establish the suitability of applying this EF to fertilized Scottish grasslands and to identify variation in the EF depending on the application rate of ammonium nitrate (AN). Mitigation options to reduce N2O emissions were also investigated, including the use of urea fertilizer in place of AN, addition of a nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) and application of AN in smaller, more frequent doses. Nitrous oxide emissions were measured from a cut grassland in south-west Scotland from March 2011 to March 2012. Grass yield was also measured to establish the impact of mitigation options on grass production, along with soil and environmental variables to improve understanding of the controls on N2O emissions. A monotonic increase in annual cumulative N2O emissions was observed with increasing AN application rate. Emission factors ranging from 1·06–1·34% were measured for AN application rates between 80 and 320 kg N/ha, with a mean of 1·19%. A lack of any significant difference between these EFs indicates that use of a uniform EF is suitable over these application rates. The mean EF of 1·19% exceeds the IPCC default 1%, suggesting that use of the default value may underestimate emissions of AN-fertilizer-induced N2O loss from Scottish grasslands. The increase in emissions beyond an application rate of 320 kg N/ha produced an EF of 1·74%, significantly different to that from lower application rates and much greater than the 1% default. An EF of 0·89% for urea fertilizer and 0·59% for urea with DCD suggests that N2O quantification using the IPCC default EF will overestimate emissions for grasslands where these fertilizers are applied. Large rainfall shortly after fertilizer application appears to be the main trigger for N2O emissions, thus applicability of the 1% EF could vary and depend on the weather conditions at the time of fertilizer application.

scholarly journals Unweathered Wood Biochar Impact on Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Bovine-Urine-Amended Pasture Soil

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 852-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.J. Clough ◽  
J.E. Bertram ◽  
J.L. Ray ◽  
L.M. Condron ◽  
M. O'Callaghan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Bovine Urine ◽  
Pasture Soil

Biochar Incorporation into Pasture Soil Suppresses in situ Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Ruminant Urine Patches

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 468-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arezoo Taghizadeh-Toosi ◽  
Tim J. Clough ◽  
Leo M. Condron ◽  
Robert R. Sherlock ◽  
Craig R. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Pasture Soil

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from In Situ Deposition of 15 N-Labeled Ryegrass Litter in a Pasture Soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranoy Pal ◽  
Tim J. Clough ◽  
Francis M. Kelliher ◽  
Robert R. Sherlock
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Pasture Soil ◽  
In Situ Deposition

NITROUS OXIDE EMISSIONS FROM SOILS DURING THAWING

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. GOODROAD ◽  
D. R. KEENEY
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Key Words Nitrous Oxide

We, as well as others, have observed that nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes increased markedly during soil thaw in early spring. This phenomenon was examined further by determining nitrous oxide concentrations in the soil profile and N2O fluxes from the soil surface during the winter-spring period and evaluating physical release and microbial production of N2O on thawing of frozen soil cores in the laboratory. In mid-winter, soil profile N2O concentrations were close to ambient and surface N2O fluxes were low. At thawing, high N2O concentrations (ranging from 1082 to 2066 mg∙m−3) were found at 10–30 cm in the soil profiles of a coniferous forest, and in manure- and straw-treated plots. Concurrently, N2O flux increased markedly and reached some of the highest values observed during the entire season. When thawing was complete, soil profile N2O concentrations and N2O flux declined. Soil cores were taken from frozen soil, warmed in the laboratory, and N2O release measured. Nitrous oxide was released on warming, and cores treated with CHCl3 had a slower release rate. The results indicate that some of the N2O flux occurring at thawing is due in part to physical release of N2O, and that additional N2O is likely produced by denitrification. Key words: Nitrous oxide, denitrification, frozen soils, nitrogen loss

Nitrous oxide emissions from dairy farm effluent applied to a New Zealand pasture soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Li ◽  
J. Luo ◽  
Y. Shi ◽  
S. Lindsey ◽  
D. Houlbrooke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Pasture Soil

scholarly journals Short-term nitrous oxide emissions from pasture soil as influenced by urea level and soil nitrate

2004 ◽  
Vol 267 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. Petersen ◽  
S. Stamatiadis ◽  
C. Christofides
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Urea Level ◽  
Pasture Soil
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