A novel screening tool for the health risk in recreational waters near estuary: The Carrying Capacity indicator

2019 ◽  
Vol 694 ◽  
pp. 133584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariaines Di Dato ◽  
Morena Galešić ◽  
Petra Šimundić ◽  
Roko Andričević
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Recreational Waters

Why should we care about Carrying Capacity? A novel screening tool for the health risk in recreational waters near estuary

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morena Galešić ◽  
Mariaines Di Dato ◽  
Roko Andričević
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Coastal Water ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Sewage System ◽  
Untreated Wastewater

<p>The present work proposes a novel screening tool to improve the quality of recreational coastal water. Indeed, the recreational potential of beach resort depends on its health status, which in marine cities may be threatened by increasing stress produced by anthropogenic activity. In particular, we focus on the beach near an estuary, which may be affected by a considerable load of contaminants, especially when the urban sewage system is combined and designed to spill untreated wastewater directly in the coastal water. In a few words, when the Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) are activated, the bacterial concentration in the estuary increases, thereby resulting in a potential hazard for the swimmers’ health. In the present work, the bacterial transport is modelled through a physically-based stochastic framework, whereas the human health risk is evaluated by means of the Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA). As the human health risk is quantified, it is used to evaluate the Carrying Capacity indicator of the recreational coastal water. This indicator is defined as the number of swimmers that can be sustained by coastal water with an acceptable risk threshold. The results indicate that the Carrying Capacity increases by dilution processes and by reduction of the source concentration. This indicator may be viewed as a screening tool for policy-makers and other stakeholders. For instance, it can help to balance the resources needed to improve the sewage-system and the benefits coming from tourism and sustainable environmental policies, given that the beach quality, in turn, depends on the improvements in the sewage system.</p>

scholarly journals Epigenetic Regulation in Environmental Chemical Carcinogenesis and its Applicability in Human Health Risk Assessment

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 384-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senthilkumar P. Kuppusamy ◽  
J. Phillip Kaiser ◽  
Scott C. Wesselkamper
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Human Health Risk Assessment ◽  
End Points

Although several studies have shown that chemically mediated epigenetic changes are an etiological factor in several human disease conditions, the utility of epigenetic data, such as DNA methylation, in the current human health risk assessment paradigm is unclear. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between the points of departure (PODs) for cancer incidence and DNA methylation changes in laboratory animals exposed to the following environmental toxicants: bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, chloroform, hydrazine, trichloroethylene, benzidine, trichloroacetic acid, and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP; a known reproductive toxicant). The results demonstrate that the PODs for cancer incidence and altered DNA methylation are similar. Furthermore, based on the available data, the POD for DNA methylation appeared more sensitive compared to that for cancer incidence following the administration of DEHP to rats during different life stages. The high degree of correlation between PODs for cancer incidence and DNA methylation (for both total DNA and individual genes) suggests that DNA methylation end points could potentially be used as a screening tool in predicting the potential toxicity/carcinogenicity and in prioritizing large numbers of chemicals with sparse toxicity databases. The life stage during which treatment occurs is also an important consideration when assessing the potential application of epigenetic end points as a screening tool.

An Examination of the Validity of the Health Risk Screening Tool: Predicting Mortality in People With Intellectual Disabilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-94
Author(s):  
Michael J. Roszkowski ◽  
Michael M. Thomas ◽  
James W. Conroy ◽  
Catherine Ivy ◽  
Gwendell W. Gravitt
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Risk Screening ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression

Background and PurposeThe Health Risk Screening Tool (HRST) is a 22-item instrument specifically designed to assess the health risk of persons with developmental disabilities. The predictive validity of the HRST was investigated by examining its ability to predict mortality.MethodsThe sample consisted of 12,582 people with an intellectual or developmental disability residing in Georgia (U.S.). Data were analyzed using survival analysis (Kaplan–Meier estimate and Cox regression) and a binary logistic regression.ResultsAll models supported the prognostic value of the six-level health risk classification. The Kaplan–Meier procedure showed clear separation among functions. The Cox proportional hazard regression revealed that hazard is inversely related to the health risk level, even after controlling for potential confounding by gender, ethnicity, and race.ConclusionsThe HRST can predict mortality. Therefore, it can serve as a basis for establishing healthcare needs and determining nursing care acuity.

Food Preference Questionnaire as a Screening Tool for Assessing Dietary Risk of Cardiovascular Disease within Health Risk Appraisals

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie B. Duffy ◽  
Sarah A. Lanier ◽  
Heather L. Hutchins ◽  
Linda S. Pescatello ◽  
Marcia K. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Food Preference ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Dietary Risk ◽  
Risk Appraisals

Western Health Risk Assessment Screening Tool

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Lundrigan ◽  
Darlene Hutchings ◽  
Maria Mathews ◽  
Anne Lynch ◽  
Joanne Goosney
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Screening Tool

Pathogenic multiple antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli serotypes in recreational waters of Mumbai, India: a potential public health risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 11504-11517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aayushi Maloo ◽  
Abhay B. Fulke ◽  
Najmuddin Mulani ◽  
Soniya Sukumaran ◽  
Anirudh Ram
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Recreational Waters ◽  
Public Health Risk ◽  
Potential Public Health

scholarly journals A screening tool to prioritize public health risk associated with accidental or deliberate release of chemicals into the atmosphere

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David H Blakey ◽  
Marc Lafontaine ◽  
Jocelyn Lavigne ◽  
Danny Sokolowski ◽  
Jean-Marc Philippe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Public Health Risk ◽  
Deliberate Release
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