Coupling air temperature records and gravimetric data to interpret ventilation patterns in a Mediterranean karstic system (Nerja-Pintada caves, southern Spain)

2020 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
pp. 139147
Author(s):  
C. Liñán ◽  
L. Ojeda ◽  
J. Benavente ◽  
Y. del Rosal ◽  
I. Vadillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Gravimetric Data ◽  
Temperature Records

Surface air temperature records biased by snow-covered surface

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1223-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Lin ◽  
K. G. Hubbard ◽  
C. B. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Records

scholarly journals UNCERTAINTIES IN CLIMATE TRENDS: Lessons from Upper-Air Temperature Records

2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 1437-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Thorne ◽  
David E. Parker ◽  
John R. Christy ◽  
Carl A. Mears
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
Temperature Records

Anomalous early 20th century sedimentation in proglacial Green Lake, British Columbia, Canada

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 671-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Menounos
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Laminated Sediments ◽  
Annual Maximum ◽  
Coast Mountains ◽  
Varve Thickness ◽  
Green Lake ◽  
Daily Discharge ◽  
Temperature Records ◽  
Temperature Proxy

Annually laminated sediments were recovered from Green Lake, a proglacial lake in the southern Coast Mountains in British Columbia, to examine their potential as a temperature proxy. Varve thickness is moderately correlated with temperature anomalies (A.D. 1900–1994) and annual maximum mean daily discharge of Lillooet River (A.D. 1930–1999), but these relations are not stable through time. Following A.D. 1977, the relation between varve thickness and annual maximum mean daily discharge is stronger. Prior to A.D. 1977, varve thickness is correlated with March to October air temperature, which controls the intensity and duration of glacier runoff. Varve thickness is weakly correlated with reconstructed air temperature records for North America and the Northern Hemisphere for the period A.D. 1600–1976. Less extensive glacier cover may explain the lack of a clear temperature signal in the varved sediment record prior to A.D. 1600 and following A.D. 1977. The period of highest lake sedimentation, from A.D. 1920 to 1945, coincides with rapid retreat of glaciers in the watershed. The lack of a similar level of sedimentation in the varve chronology suggests that glacier recession during the period 1920–1945 was higher than at any time in the past 600 years.

A proposed winter-injury classification for apple trees on the northern fringe of commercial production

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren K. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Hierarchical Classification ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Agglomerative Clustering ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering ◽  
Temperature Records

Because of a severe and highly variable winter environment, commercially significant fruit production in New Brunswick is restricted to a few hardy apple cultivars. Cluster, principal-component and discriminant analyses were applied to monthly temperature records to derive a satisfactory classification of recorded occurrences of winter injury in New Brunswick during the 20th century. Production of a dendrogram based on a hierarchical, agglomerative clustering technique separated root- from shoot-injury years. The analyses suggested that low temperatures per se in December, January or February are not the dominant factors controlling recurring winter shoot injury of apple trees in New Brunswick. Rather mild weather during mid-winter (especially maximum air temperature in February) and the October mean air temperature during the fall hardening-off period consistently contributed to the hierarchical classification. Cluster analysis allowed the separation of recorded occurrences of winter injury into plausible groupings that should complement current attempts to understand the underlying causes of winter injury in New Brunswick.Key words: Malus × domestica, apple, winter injury, cluster analysis

scholarly journals A Technique to Detect Microclimatic Inhomogeneities in Historical Records of Screen-Level Air Temperature

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 959-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Runnalls ◽  
T. R. Oke
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Vegetation Development ◽  
Environment Effects ◽  
Thermal Changes ◽  
Screen Level ◽  
Temperature Records

Abstract A new method to detect errors or biases in screen-level air temperature records at standard climate stations is developed and applied. It differs from other methods by being able to detect microclimatic inhomogeneities in time series. Such effects, often quite subtle, are due to alterations in the immediate environment of the station such as changes of vegetation, development (buildings, paving), irrigation, cropping, and even in the maintenance of the site and its instruments. In essence, the technique recognizes two facts: differences of thermal microclimate are enhanced at night, and taking the ratio of the nocturnal cooling at a pair of neighboring stations nullifies thermal changes that occur at larger-than-microclimatic scales. Such ratios are shown to be relatively insensitive to weather conditions. After transforming the time series using Hurst rescaling, which identifies long-term persistence in geophysical phenomena, cooling ratio records show distinct discontinuities, which, when compared against detailed station metadata records, are found to correspond to even minor changes in the station environment. Effects detected by this method are shown to escape detection by current generally accepted techniques. The existence of these microclimatic effects are a source of uncertainty in long-term temperature records, which is in addition to those presently recognized such as local and mesoscale urban development, deforestation, and irrigation.

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