scholarly journals Substrate type determines microbial activity and community composition in bioreactors for nitrate removal by denitrification at low temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 755 ◽  
pp. 143023
Author(s):  
Maria Hellman ◽  
Valerie Hubalek ◽  
Jaanis Juhanson ◽  
Robert Almstrand ◽  
Sari Peura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Substrate Type

Microbial Abundance and Community Composition Influence Production Performance in a Low-Temperature Petroleum Reservoir

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 5336-5344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Li ◽  
Peike Gao ◽  
Yunqiang Wu ◽  
Huimei Tian ◽  
Xuecheng Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Microbial Abundance ◽  
Petroleum Reservoir

scholarly journals Effect of Washing, Waxing and Low-Temperature Storage on the Postharvest Microbiome of Apple

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdelfattah ◽  
Susan R. Whitehead ◽  
Dumitru Macarisin ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Erik Burchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Postharvest Disease ◽  
Low Temperature Storage ◽  
Postharvest Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Temperature Storage

There is growing recognition of the role that the microbiome plays in the health and physiology of many plant species. However, considerably less research has been conducted on the postharvest microbiome of produce and the impact that postharvest processing may have on its composition. Here, amplicon sequencing was used to study the effect of washing, waxing, and low-temperature storage at 2 °C for six months on the bacterial and fungal communities of apple calyx-end, stem-end, and peel tissues. The results of the present work reveal that tissue-type is the main factor defining fungal and bacterial diversity and community composition on apple fruit. Both postharvest treatments and low temperature storage had a strong impact on the fungal and bacterial diversity and community composition of these tissue types. Distinct spatial and temporal changes in the composition and diversity of the microbiota were observed in response to various postharvest management practices. The greatest impact was attributed to sanitation practices with major differences among unwashed, washed and washed-waxed apples. The magnitude of the differences, however, was tissue-specific, with the greatest impact occurring on peel tissues. Temporally, the largest shift occurred during the first two months of low-temperature storage, although fungi were more affected by storage time than bacteria. In general, fungi and bacteria were impacted equally by sanitation practices, especially the epiphytic microflora of peel tissues. This research provides a foundation for understanding the impact of postharvest management practices on the microbiome of apple and its potential subsequent effects on postharvest disease management and food safety.

scholarly journals Biochar alleviates metal toxicity and improves microbial community functions in a soil co-contaminated with cadmium and lead

Biochar ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Azadi ◽  
Fayez Raiesi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Availability ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Labile C ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

AbstractSoil amendment with biochar alleviates the toxic effects of heavy metals on microbial functions in single-metal contaminated soils. Yet, it is unclear how biochar application would improve microbial activity and enzymatic activity in soils co-polluted with toxic metals. The present research aimed at determining the response of microbial and biochemical attributes to addition of sugarcane bagasse biochar (SCB) in cadmium (Cd)-lead (Pb) co-contaminated soils. SCBs (400 and 600 °C) decreased the available concentrations of Cd and Pb, increased organic carbon (OC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contents in soil. The decrease of metal availability was greater with 600 °C SCB than with 400 °C SCB, and metal immobilization was greater for Cd (16%) than for Pb (12%) in co-spiked soils amended with low-temperature SCB. Biochar application improved microbial activity and biomass, and enzymatic activity in the soils co-spiked with metals, but these positive impacts of SCB were less pronounced in the co-spiked soils than in the single-spiked soils. SCB decreased the adverse impacts of heavy metals on soil properties largely through the enhanced labile C for microbial assimilation and partly through the immobilization of metals. Redundancy analysis further confirmed that soil OC was overwhelmingly the dominant driver of changes in the properties and quality of contaminated soils amended with SCB. The promotion of soil microbial quality by the low-temperature SCB was greater than by high-temperature SCB, due to its higher labile C fraction. Our findings showed that SCB at lower temperatures could be applied to metal co-polluted soils to mitigate the combined effects of metal stresses on microbial and biochemical functions.

scholarly journals Changes in Microbial Community Phylogeny and Metabolic Activity Along the Water Column Uncouple at Near Sediment Aphotic Layers in Fjords

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven P. Tobias-Hünefeldt ◽  
Stephen R. Wing ◽  
Federico Baltar ◽  
Sergio E. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Leucine Incorporation ◽  
Metabolic Potential ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Potential Activity

Abstract Fjords are semi-enclosed marine systems with unique physical conditions that influence microbial community composition and structure. Pronounced organic matter and physical condition gradients within fjords provide a natural laboratory for the study of changes in microbial phylogeny and metabolic potential in response to environmental conditions. Photosynthetic production in euphotic zones sustains deeper aphotic microbial activity via organic matter sinking, augmented by large terrestrial inputs. We profiled microbial functional potential (Biolog Ecoplates), bacterial abundance, heterotrophic production (3H-Leucine incorporation), and prokaryotic/eukaryotic community composition (16S and 18S rRNA amplicon gene sequencing) to link metabolic potential, activity, and community composition to known community drivers. Similar factors shaped metabolic potential, activity and community (prokaryotic and eukaryotic) composition across surface/near surface sites. However, increased metabolic diversity at near bottom (aphotic) sites reflected an organic matter influence from sediments. Photosynthetically produced particulate organic matter shaped the upper water column community composition and metabolic potential. In contrast, microbial activity at deeper aphotic waters were strongly influenced by other organic matter imput than sinking marine snow (e.g. sediment resuspension of benthic organic matter, remineralisation of terrestrially derived organic matter, etc.), severing the link between phylogeny and metabolic potential. Taken together, different organic matter sources shape microbial activity, but not community composition, in New Zealand fjords.

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