Fluid flow dynamics in cellular patterning

Sprouting angiogenesis—the infiltration and extension of endothelial cells from pre-existing blood vessels—helps orchestrate vascular growth and remodeling. It is now agreed that fluid forces, such as laminar shear stress due to unidirectional flow in straight vessel segments, are important regulators of angiogenesis. However, regulation of angiogenesis by the different flow dynamics that arise due to vessel branching, such as impinging flow stagnation at the base of a bifurcating vessel, are not well understood. Here we used a recently developed 3-D microfluidic model to investigate the role of the flow conditions that occur due to vessel bifurcations on endothelial sprouting. We observed that bifurcating fluid flow located at the vessel bifurcation point suppresses the formation of angiogenic sprouts. Similarly, laminar shear stress at a magnitude of ~3 dyn/cm2 applied in the branched vessels downstream of the bifurcation point, inhibited the formation of angiogenic sprouts. In contrast, co-application of ~1 µm/s average transvascular flow across the endothelial monolayer with laminar shear stress induced the formation of angiogenic sprouts. These results suggest that transvascular flow imparts a competing effect against bifurcating fluid flow and laminar shear stress in regulating endothelial sprouting. To our knowledge, these findings are the first report on the stabilizing role of bifurcating fluid flow on endothelial sprouting. These results also demonstrate the importance of local flow dynamics due to branched vessel geometry in determining the location of sprouting angiogenesis.

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Non-Newtonian fluid flow dynamics in rotating annular media: Physics-based and data-driven modeling

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106641 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 185 ◽

pp. 106641 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Reza Ershadnia ◽

Mohammad Amin Amooie ◽

Reza Shams ◽

Sassan Hajirezaie ◽

Yuanhong Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fluid Flow ◽

Newtonian Fluid ◽

Flow Dynamics ◽

Data Driven ◽

Data Driven Modeling

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Fluid flow dynamics in MAS systems

Journal of Magnetic Resonance ◽

10.1016/j.jmr.2015.05.006 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 257 ◽

pp. 51-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Dirk Wilhelm ◽

Armin Purea ◽

Frank Engelke

Keyword(s):

Fluid Flow ◽

Flow Dynamics

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Pharmacokinetics of Methotrexate in the Cerebrospinal Fluid After Intracerebroventricular Administration in Patients with Meningeal Carcinomatosis and Altered Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Dynamics

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽

10.1097/00007691-198905000-00003 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 231-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Kenneth T. Miller ◽

David S. Wilkinson

Keyword(s):

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Fluid Flow ◽

Meningeal Carcinomatosis ◽

Flow Dynamics ◽

Intracerebroventricular Administration ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow

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A Double Nozzle Cross Flow Turbine Fluid Flow Dynamics

Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University ◽

10.35741/issn.0258-2724.55.4.49 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Corvis L. Rantererung ◽

Sudjito Soeparman ◽

Rudy Soenoko ◽

Slamet Wahyudi

Keyword(s):

Fluid Dynamics ◽

Fluid Flow ◽

Turbine Blade ◽

Mechanical Energy ◽

Water Discharge ◽

Cross Flow ◽

Flow Dynamics ◽

Runner Blade ◽

Turbine Performance ◽

Turbine Runner

The dynamics of fluid flow are very important to the process of converting water energy into mechanical energy at the nozzle double runner cross flow turbine blade. Fluid dynamics of a jet of water from a nozzle release energy as the water crosses the cross flow turbine runner. This research aims to improve turbine performance and the effectiveness of fluid flow dynamics that drive cross flow turbine runner blades using double nozzles. The method of research using a cross flow turbine with double nozzle is a combination of vertical and horizontal nozzles. The turbine runner casing and blade are made of transparent acrylic material so that the flow dynamics can be observed directly. The laboratory scale double nozzle cross flow turbine is comprised of 24 blades, 3 mm thick, 40 mm long and 200 mm runner blade diameter. Test the performance of the turbine by measuring rotation, torque, and power, and by photographing the dynamics of the fluid flow that drives the turbine runner blade. The results of the study found that the visualization of the dynamics of fluid flow in turbines with double nozzles is more regular, evenly distributed, focused, and directed, moving the turbine runner blade cross flow so as to be able to increase turbine performance higher. The highest double nozzle cross flow turbine performance is 6.04 Watt power and 81.68% efficiency, at a water discharge of 0.22 liters /s.

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