Effectiveness of physical activity interventions in achieving behaviour change maintenance in young and middle aged adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing health problem, with increasing proportions in the world population, with a higher prevalence in older people. This age group is also quite affected by reductions in functional performance, which seems to be more pronounced in patients with T2DM. Therefore, we aimed to summarize the potential changes (if any) in the functional capacity of middle-aged adults and older individuals with T2DM whoparticipate in structured physical activity interventions.Methods: This article protocol is reported based on the PRISMA-P recommendations. Comprehensive searches of the PubMed (via website), PEDro Physiotherapy EvidenceDatabase (via website), Cochrane Library (via website), SportDiscus (via Periódicos CAPES), and Lilacs (via BVS). Open Grey and Google Scholar for grey literature will be completed using the following keywords: aging, diabetes, exercise therapy, and related entry terms. Studies tobe included should consist of randomized controlled trials or non-randomized controlled studies in English, Spanish or Portuguese, with T2DM participants, of any gender, with an average age of 45 years or older; interventions with structured physical activity; with measurements of predefined outcomes of functional capacity. Relevant data will be extracted in duplicate using a customized data extraction sheet. The risk of bias of the included studies will be assessed in duplicate using the Checklist DOWNS & BLACK. If possible, with the permitted numeric data, we will carry out a meta-analysis using a random effects model (with a 95% confidence interval). Subgroup and sensitivity and meta-regression analyses will be carried out if possible. The review will be mostly based on the recommendations of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, Version 6.1.Discussion: This systematic review aims to provide a high-quality synthesis regarding the effects of structured exercise programs on the functional capacity of middle-aged adults and older individuals with T2DM. This review may refine clinical recommendations that are still generic for the older population with T2DM.

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School‐based physical activity interventions in rural and urban/suburban communities: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Obesity Reviews ◽

10.1111/obr.13265 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Christopher D. Pfledderer ◽

Ryan D. Burns ◽

Wonwoo Byun ◽

Russell L. Carson ◽

Gregory J. Welk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Suburban Communities ◽

Physical Activity Interventions ◽

School Based ◽

Rural And Urban

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Effect of workplace physical activity interventions on the cardio-metabolic health of working adults: systematic review and meta-analysis

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity ◽

10.1186/s12966-019-0896-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rubina Mulchandani ◽

Ambalam M. Chandrasekaran ◽

Roopa Shivashankar ◽

Dimple Kondal ◽

Anurag Agrawal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Workplace Interventions ◽

Working Adults ◽

Reduced Body ◽

Physical Activity Interventions

Abstract Background Adults in urban areas spend almost 77% of their waking time being inactive at workplaces, which leaves little time for physical activity. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize evidence for the effect of workplace physical activity interventions on the cardio-metabolic health markers (body weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, lipids and blood glucose) among working adults. Methods All experimental studies up to March 2018, reporting cardio-metabolic worksite intervention outcomes among adult employees were identified from PUBMED, EMBASE, COCHRANE CENTRAL, CINAHL and PsycINFO. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess bias in studies. All studies were assessed qualitatively and meta-analysis was done where possible. Forest plots were generated for pooled estimates of each study outcome. Results A total of 33 studies met the eligibility criteria and 24 were included in the meta-analysis. Multi-component workplace interventions significantly reduced body weight (16 studies; mean diff: − 2.61 kg, 95% CI: − 3.89 to − 1.33) BMI (19 studies, mean diff: − 0.42 kg/m2, 95% CI: − 0.69 to − 0.15) and waist circumference (13 studies; mean diff: − 1.92 cm, 95% CI: − 3.25 to − 0.60). Reduction in blood pressure, lipids and blood glucose was not statistically significant. Conclusions Workplace interventions significantly reduced body weight, BMI and waist circumference. Non-significant results for biochemical markers could be due to them being secondary outcomes in most studies. Intervention acceptability and adherence, follow-up duration and exploring non-RCT designs are factors that need attention in future research. Prospero registration number: CRD42018094436.

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