Glucose amendment influences restructuring of compacted soil blocks – Results of a field experiment with varying soil-site conditions

A review of work on buried paleosols in the disciplines of pedology, Quaternary geology, and archaeology is presented under the headings of (1) the problems of identification, (2) techniques of study, (3) buried paleosols and Quaternary stratigraphy, (4) archaeological stratigraphy and dating, (5) layered soils, and (6) past environment from buried paleosols. It is suggested that future pedological research of interest to Quaternary studies should concentrate on clarifying what is a soil as opposed to a weathered sediment, what processes and features are peculiar to pedogenesis as opposed to diagenesis, and what are the relationships between soil-site conditions and soil characteristics.

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Effect of Cirsium arvense L. on soil physical properties and crop growth

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.2137/145960608785328206 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 153 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

E. REINTAM ◽

K. TRÜKMANN ◽

J. KUHT

Keyword(s):

Field Experiment ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Root System ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Penetration Resistance ◽

Cirsium Arvense ◽

Compacted Soil ◽

Shoot Mass

The re-cultivation of abandoned areas creates weed control problems. The main problems in these areas are perennial weeds, such as Cirsium arvense L. but this perennial deep-rooted plant may have a beneficial effect on the physical properties of compacted soil. In order to study the effect of C. arvenses root system on soil properties, the field experiment and a survey of arable fields were conducted in Estonia. The soil bulk density and penetration resistance were measured from soils covered by C. arvense or spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) on compacted and un-compacted soil. The results showed significantly lower penetration resistance and bulk density underneath C. arvense than under barley in both the field experiment and a field survey on arable soils. The shoot mass of C. arvense was less affected than the shoot mass of barley by soil compaction and was caused by C. arvenses better ability to develop its root system in compacted soil. Wheat yield, on soils affected by C. arvense, was increased by 28% on loose soil and 37% on compacted soil. It may be concluded that in areas affected by deep-rooted weed species, such C. arvense, the soils physical properties will improve at least in the first two years.;

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Micropropagation of Leuce-poplar clones and its role in selection breeding

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/69/1786 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 43-48

Author(s):

Ildikó Balla ◽

Zsolt Keserű ◽

Borbála Antal ◽

Károly Rédei

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Research ◽

Point Of View ◽

Site Conditions ◽

Early Evaluation ◽

Research And Innovation ◽

Poplar Clones ◽

Soil Site ◽

Fruit Growing ◽

Selection Breeding

Leuce-poplars (mostly white poplar and its natural hybrid grey poplar) are native tree species trough Hungary. They are covering more than 4.0 per cent of the Hungarian forested area (77 000 ha). The white (grey) poplars play a significant role in the forestation under sandy soil site conditions as well as they are of importance from nature conservation point of view as well. Long-term selection breeding work is going on at the National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre Forest Research Institute (NARIC FRI), involving selection of fast-growing Leuce-poplar clones under dry site conditions. Micropropagation technology is relatively quickly spreading in forestry. In vitro multiplication of trees is applied mainly in fruit growing in Hungary, in case of forestry it is used mainly for selection breeding. This paper presents a short overview on the micropropagation trials with different Leuce-poplar clones and the early evaluation of the seedlings growing of the micropropagated clones/varieties.

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Empirical Methods for the Prediction of Response Spectra

Earthquake Spectra ◽

10.1193/1.1585632 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 333-353 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

W. Scott Dunbar ◽

Robin G. Charlwood

Keyword(s):

Response Spectra ◽

Spectral Shape ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Site Conditions ◽

Empirical Methods ◽

Ground Acceleration ◽

Amplification Factors ◽

Consistent Manner ◽

Soil Site ◽

Similar Soil

Three empirical methods of estimating response spectra are reviewed. It is shown that these methods produce comparable results, provided that the comparisons are made in a consistent manner. Although the traditional method of scaling amplification factors by peak ground motions is fundamentally reasonable, there exist some significant discrepancies between scaled and other types of spectra. The basic reason for this is that the amplification factors commonly used in the engineering community are biased toward those of a large magnitude earthquake recorded on a soil site. The dependence of spectral shape on magnitude and site conditions can be accounted for by independent estimates of peak ground acceleration, velocity and displacement to scale an unbiased set of amplification factors derived for particular site conditions. Other methods of estimating spectra account for the dependence of spectral shape on magnitude and site conditions in a more direct manner. In order to reduce the discrepancies between scaled and other types of spectra, it is recommended that a new set of amplification factors be estimated using a suite of response spectra due to earthquakes whose magnitudes are evenly distributed in the range 5.0 ≤ M ≤ 7.5 and which have been recorded on sites having similar soil conditions.

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