Evaluation of enteric-coated tablets as a whole cell inactivated vaccine candidate against Vibrio cholerae

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonsire Fernández ◽  
Gemma Año ◽  
Jorge Castaño ◽  
Yadira Pino ◽  
Evangelina Uribarri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Enteric Coated

Different Types of Vaccines

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. William Tong
Keyword(s):  
Oral Polio Vaccine ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
Typhoid Vaccine ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Viral Vaccines ◽  
Enteric Coated ◽  
Vi Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
The Uk

Vaccines can be classified according to their nature into the following types: ● Inactivated vaccines: ■ Whole organism; ■ Acellular extracts. ● Live attenuated vaccines. ● Toxoid vaccines. ● Subunit vaccines. ● Conjugate vaccines. ● DNA vaccines. ● Recombinant vector vaccines. Inactivation of the whole organism is the most basic form of vaccine produced by killing the micro-organism causing the disease using heat, chemical or radiation and presents all the antigens in the inactivated organism as a vaccine to induce immunity in the recipient. Other methods to produce an inactivated vaccine is by extracting acellular components of the organism through filtration. Examples of inactivated bacterial vaccines currently in use include: ● Anthrax—sterile filtrate from cultures of the Sterne strain of B. anthracis. ● Cholera—oral inactivated vaccine with 1mg of recombinant cholera toxin B (rCTB) in a liquid suspension of four strains of killed V. cholerae O1, representing subtypes Inaba and Ogawa and biotypes El Tor and classical. ● Pertussis—acellular vaccine has replaced previously used whole cell vaccine. ● Typhoid—purified Vi capsular polysaccharide from S. typhi; NB: the injectable, killed, whole-cell typhoid vaccine which contains heat-inactivated, phenol-preserved S. typhi organisms is no longer in use in the UK. Examples of inactivated viral vaccines currently in use in the UK include: ● Hepatitis A virus. ● Hepatitis E virus. ● Influenza A and B viruses. ● Japanese encephalitis virus. ● Polio viruses 1, 2, and 3 (IPV). ● Rabies virus. ● Tick-borne encephalitis virus. ● Bacterial vaccines: Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine against tuberculosis derived from a Mycobacterium bovis strain. The oral typhoid vaccine contains a live attenuated strain of S. typhi (Ty21a) in an enteric-coated capsule. ● Viral vaccines: The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine contain live attenuated strains of measles, mumps, and rubella viruses, which are cultured separately and mixed before being lyophilized. Oral polio vaccine (OPV) against polio viruses 1, 2, and 3—OPV contains live attenuated strains of poliomyelitis virus types 1, 2, and 3 grown in cell cultures.

scholarly journals A Self-Assembling Whole-Cell Vaccine Antigen Presentation Platform

2018 ◽  
Vol 200 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Liao ◽  
Daniel R. Smith ◽  
Jóhanna Brynjarsdóttir ◽  
Paula I. Watnick
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Secreted Protein ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine ◽  
Common Infection

ABSTRACTDiarrhea is the most common infection in children under the age of 5 years worldwide. In spite of this, only a few vaccines to treat infectious diarrhea exist, and many of the available vaccines are sparingly and sporadically administered. Major obstacles to the development and widespread implementation of vaccination include the ease and cost of production, distribution, and delivery. Here we present a novel, customizable, and self-assembling vaccine platform that exploits theVibrio choleraebacterial biofilm matrix for antigen presentation. We use this technology to create a proof-of-concept, live-attenuated whole-cell vaccine that is boosted by spontaneous association of a secreted protein antigen with the cell surface. Sublingual administration of this live-attenuated vaccine to mice confers protection againstV. choleraechallenge and elicits the production of antigen-specific IgA in stool. The platform presented here enables the development of antigen-boosted vaccines that are simple to produce and deliver, addressing many of the obstacles to vaccination against diarrheal diseases. This may also serve as a paradigm for the development of broadly protective biofilm-based vaccines against other mucosal infections.IMPORTANCEDiarrheal disease is the most common infection afflicting children worldwide. In resource-poor settings, these infections are correlated with cognitive delay, stunted growth, and premature death. With the development of efficacious, affordable, and easily administered vaccines, such infections could be prevented. While a major focus of research on biofilms has been their elimination, here we harness the bacterial biofilm to create a customizable platform for cost-effective, whole-cell mucosal vaccines that self-incorporate secreted protein antigens. We use this platform to develop a sublingually administered live-attenuated prototype vaccine based onVibrio cholerae. This serves not only as a proof of concept for a multivalent vaccine against common bacterial enteric pathogens but also as a paradigm for vaccines utilizing other bacterial biofilms to target mucosal infections.

scholarly journals Respiratory Immunization With a Whole Cell Inactivated Vaccine Induces Functional Mucosal Immunoglobulins Against Tuberculosis in Mice and Non-human Primates

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nacho Aguilo ◽  
Santiago Uranga ◽  
Elena Mata ◽  
Raquel Tarancon ◽  
Ana Belén Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell

scholarly journals Low toxicity and high immunogenicity of an inactivated vaccine candidate against COVID-19 in different animal models

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2606-2618
Author(s):  
Ze-Jun Wang ◽  
Hua-Jun Zhang ◽  
Jia Lu ◽  
Kang-Wei Xu ◽  
Cheng Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
High Immunogenicity

TLP01, an mshA mutant of Vibrio cholerae O139 as vaccine candidate against cholera

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 968-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talena Ledón ◽  
Beatriz Ferrán ◽  
Celso Pérez ◽  
Edith Suzarte ◽  
Joivier Vichi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O139

scholarly journals The Vaccine Candidate Vibrio cholerae 638 Is Protective against Cholera in Healthy Volunteers

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 3018-3024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis García ◽  
Manuel Díaz Jidy ◽  
Hilda García ◽  
Boris L. Rodríguez ◽  
Roberto Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Vaccine Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Fourfold Increase

ABSTRACT Vibrio cholerae 638 is a living candidate cholera vaccine strain attenuated by deletion of the CTXΦ prophage from C7258 (O1, El Tor Ogawa) and by insertion of the Clostridium thermocellum endoglucanase A gene into the hemagglutinin/protease coding sequence. This vaccine candidate was previously found to be well tolerated and immunogenic in volunteers. This article reports a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted to test short-term protection conferred by 638 against subsequent V. cholerae infection and disease in volunteers in Cuba. A total of 45 subjects were enrolled and assigned to receive vaccine or placebo. The vaccine contained 109 CFU of freshly harvested 638 buffered with 1.3% NaHCO3, while the placebo was buffer alone. After vaccine but not after placebo intake, 96% of volunteers had at least a fourfold increase in vibriocidal antibody titers, and 50% showed a doubling of at least the lipopolysaccharide-specific immunoglobulin A titers in serum. At 1 month after vaccination, five volunteers from the vaccine group and five from the placebo group underwent an exploratory challenge study with 109 CFU of ΔCTXΦ attenuated mutant strain V. cholerae 81. Only two volunteers from the vaccine group shed strain 81 in their feces, but none of them experienced diarrhea; in the placebo group, all volunteers excreted the challenge strain, and three had reactogenic diarrhea. An additional 12 vaccinees and 9 placebo recipients underwent challenge with 7 × 105 CFU of virulent strain V. cholerae 3008 freshly harvested from a brain heart infusion agar plate and buffered with 1.3% NaHCO3. Three volunteers (25%) from the vaccine group and all from the placebo group shed the challenge agent in their feces. None of the 12 vaccinees but 7 volunteers from the placebo group had diarrhea, and 2 of the latter exhibited severe cholera (>5,000 g of diarrheal stool). These results indicate that at 1 month after ingestion of a single oral dose (109 CFU) of strain 638, volunteers remained protected against cholera infection and disease provoked by the wild-type challenge agent V. cholerae 3008. We recommend that additional vaccine lots of 638 be prepared under good manufacturing practices for further evaluation.

scholarly journals Development of a live oral attaching and effacing Escherichia coli vaccine candidate using Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR as antigen vector

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogeria Keller ◽  
Tamara D. Hilton ◽  
Hernam Rios ◽  
Edgar C. Boedeker ◽  
James B. Kaper
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Vaccine Candidate
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