scholarly journals Limitations to the car-substitution effect of MaaS. Findings from a Belgian pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 196-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Storme ◽  
Jonas De Vos ◽  
Leen De Paepe ◽  
Frank Witlox
1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith M. T. Hearne

A group of 70 persons (16 males, 54 females) who experience lucid dreams (those in which the dreamer becomes aware of dreaming) were given set tasks to perform in the lucid state and asked to report what happened. A pilot study had indicated certain consistencies of effect between subjects. Evidence was obtained, based on the reports of 16 persons, to suggest that it is often difficult to ‘switch on an electric light’ in the lucid dream scenery. A varying ceiling-level of imagery ‘brightness’ is hypothesized. It is suggested that any attempt to violate the current level results in rationalized avoidance of the planned situation. Difficulties were also experienced by the 9 subjects who tried to ‘switch on an electrical appliance’ (other than a light). An apparent lack of co-ordination between the imagery modalities was noted. It is suggested that the modalities may be relatively independent in the dream and that priority of effect can shift between the imagery forms. A ‘substitution effect’ was observed in the 3 cases for whom auditory imagery was lacking at a crucial point. The persons reported singing or making a noise automatically as if to compensate. Four of the 6 persons instructed to ‘cover or “close” your eyes in a lucid dream’ stated that a scene-shift resulted. Another subject reported that the dream re-ran. A sixth person experienced sleep-paralysis. Such consistencies of effect in dreams have not been taken into account by the various schools of ‘dream interpretation’ and so could have led to erroneous ‘analyses.’


1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Salvendy ◽  
WM Hinton ◽  
GW Ferguson ◽  
PR Cunningham

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 3397-3412
Author(s):  
Michelle I. Brown ◽  
David Trembath ◽  
Marleen F. Westerveld ◽  
Gail T. Gillon

Purpose This pilot study explored the effectiveness of an early storybook reading (ESR) intervention for parents with babies with hearing loss (HL) for improving (a) parents' book selection skills, (b) parent–child eye contact, and (c) parent–child turn-taking. Advancing research into ESR, this study examined whether the benefits from an ESR intervention reported for babies without HL were also observed in babies with HL. Method Four mother–baby dyads participated in a multiple baseline single-case experimental design across behaviors. Treatment effects for parents' book selection skills, parent–child eye contact, and parent–child turn-taking were examined using visual analysis and Tau-U analysis. Results Statistically significant increases, with large to very large effect sizes, were observed for all 4 participants for parent–child eye contact and parent–child turn-taking. Limited improvements with ceiling effects were observed for parents' book selection skills. Conclusion The findings provide preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of an ESR intervention for babies with HL for promoting parent–child interactions through eye contact and turn-taking.


2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A576-A576
Author(s):  
E FOGEL ◽  
T IMPERIALE ◽  
B DEVERAUX ◽  
S SHERMAN ◽  
J WATKINS ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-364
Author(s):  
Suseela Somarajan ◽  
Nicole D. Muszynski ◽  
Aurelia s. Monk ◽  
Joseph D. Olson ◽  
Alexandra Russell ◽  
...  

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