The potential influence of building optimization and passive design strategies on natural ventilation systems in underground buildings: The state of the art

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (38) ◽

pp. 21605-21633 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Anjun Hu ◽

Chaozhu Shu ◽

Chenxi Xu ◽

Ranxi Liang ◽

Jiabao Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

The State ◽

Design Strategies ◽

Catalytic Materials ◽

Highly Active ◽

Art Design

The state-of-the-art design strategies toward highly active catalytic materials and cathode structures for Li–CO2 batteries are reviewed and discussed.

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Simulating Passive Design Strategies of Rural Residential Buildings in Severe Cold Regions of Northeast China

Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies - Smart Cities as a Solution for Reducing Urban Waste and Pollution ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-0302-6.ch002 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 39-65

Author(s):

Meng Zhen ◽

Cheng Sun ◽

Bee Hua Goh

Keyword(s):

Northeast China ◽

Natural Ventilation ◽

Evaporative Cooling ◽

Design Strategy ◽

High Mass ◽

Thermal Mass ◽

Design Strategies ◽

Cold Regions ◽

Passive Design ◽

Passive Solar

With a strong dependency on regions and climate, passive design is the most economically effective strategy to reduce energy consumption. Using Climate Consultant 5.5 software, data analysis is conducted to analyze 16 cities in Northeast China. The independent and integrated effectiveness of nine kinds of passive design strategy are studied like sun shading of windows, high thermal mass, high thermal mass night flushed, direct evaporative cooling, two-stage evaporative cooling, natural ventilation cooling, passive solar direct gain low mass, passive solar direct gain high mass, wind protection of outdoor spaces. The results show that passive solar heat gains are the most important passive design strategy, whether in the heating or non-heating season, with an average contribution rate of 14.64% and 28.38%, respectively. This study provides suggestions on passive design in severe cold regions in Northeast China. The effectiveness-evaluation tables proposed can be referred to by architects in their passive designs.

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THE APPLICATION OF PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES AS SUSTAINABLE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE IN A MODEL CONFERENCE CENTRES (A CASE STUDY OF AMINU KANO CENTRE FOR DEMOCRATIC RESEARCH AND TRAINING (AKCDR&T))

International Journal of Advanced Academic Research ◽

10.46654/ij.24889849.e7427 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 23-39

Author(s):

Alfa Sharif ◽

Muhammad Mukarram ◽

Isyaku Rabi’u ◽

Rabi’u Inusa

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Natural Ventilation ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Building Envelope ◽

Comfort Level ◽

Design Parameters ◽

Design Strategies ◽

Passive Design ◽

Conference Centre

ABSTRACT: This research sought to reduce uncomfortable conditions created by extremes of heat and dryness in order to achieve well balanced indoor and outdoor climate, through the application of passive design strategies in Conference Centre located in hot dry climate of Kano Nigeria. Passive design utilizes natural sources of heating and cooling breezes. It is achieved by appropriately orientating the building on its site and carefully designing the building envelope (roof, walls, windows and floor). External features such as fountain, soft landscaping and proper site planning improves micro climate which in turn helped in achieving good passive design. The methodology employed is case study and relevant information sourced from pertinent literature and the internet was taken into consideration. Research has shown that more than40% of energy consumption in any building is used for cooling and lighting in order to achieve comfort level. In the course of the research, the building was studied to evaluate the use of passive elements that relates to passive lighting and cooling which are the main source of energy consumption such as building envelop, natural lighting, natural ventilation, Site and external spaces, building form, building orientation, wall/window shading and existing of energy source on conference centre building. Research has shown that, the design parameters obtained from field survey are the principal factors responsible for any good passive design of most public building such as conference centre building.

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Simulating Passive Design Strategies of Rural Residential Buildings in Severe Cold Regions of Northeast China

Architecture and Design ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-7314-2.ch029 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 790-812

Author(s):

Meng Zhen ◽

Cheng Sun ◽

Bee Hua Goh

Keyword(s):

Northeast China ◽

Natural Ventilation ◽

Evaporative Cooling ◽

Design Strategy ◽

High Mass ◽

Thermal Mass ◽

Design Strategies ◽

Cold Regions ◽

Passive Design ◽

Passive Solar

With a strong dependency on regions and climate, passive design is the most economically effective strategy to reduce energy consumption. Using Climate Consultant 5.5 software, data analysis is conducted to analyze 16 cities in Northeast China. The independent and integrated effectiveness of nine kinds of passive design strategy are studied like sun shading of windows, high thermal mass, high thermal mass night flushed, direct evaporative cooling, two-stage evaporative cooling, natural ventilation cooling, passive solar direct gain low mass, passive solar direct gain high mass, wind protection of outdoor spaces. The results show that passive solar heat gains are the most important passive design strategy, whether in the heating or non-heating season, with an average contribution rate of 14.64% and 28.38%, respectively. This study provides suggestions on passive design in severe cold regions in Northeast China. The effectiveness-evaluation tables proposed can be referred to by architects in their passive designs.

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The retrofit of ‘70s office buildings curtain walls in London

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/2042/1/012154 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2042 (1) ◽

pp. 012154

Author(s):

A Cirillo ◽

A Scofone

Keyword(s):

Energy Demand ◽

Natural Ventilation ◽

Fire Risk ◽

Office Buildings ◽

Base Case ◽

Design Strategies ◽

Building Stock ◽

Curtain Wall ◽

Air Infiltration ◽

Passive Design

Abstract The built environment accounts for 44% of UK emissions, of which 18% are from non-domestic buildings. Considering that a façade's performance accounts for more than 50% of the energy consumption of a building, the retrofit of a ‘70s curtain wall system is analysed along with common issues such as poor insulation, fire risk, air infiltration and absence of natural ventilation, all of which are known to affect both occupants’ comfort and energy demand negatively. The methodology includes thermal and energy analysis of the Euston tower, results from which are used to inform an analytical model representing a more extensive building stock. Orientation, occupation, window to wall ratio and floor heights are examined as the main factors influencing heat gains, and different passive design solutions are tested to reduce them. Combining these passive design strategies shows a reduction of cooling demand by up to 91% and overheating hours down to 0% from base case to best case, demonstrating how the retrofit of curtain walls in office buildings is essential to cut emissions, reducing energy demand and improving comfort and productivity.

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Computational approaches to cell–nanomaterial interactions: keeping balance between therapeutic efficiency and cytotoxicity

Nanoscale Horizons ◽

10.1039/c7nh00138j ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 6-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Hong-ming Ding ◽

Yu-qiang Ma

Keyword(s):

Biomedical Applications ◽

State Of The Art ◽

The State ◽

Design Strategies ◽

Computational Approaches ◽

Therapeutic Efficiency ◽

Physical Mechanisms ◽

Current State

This review summarizes the state-of-the-art computational approaches for investigating the physical mechanisms of cytotoxicity caused by nanomaterials as well as the current state of design strategies for safe and novel nanomaterials for biomedical applications.

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Practical Picture Processing

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100051700 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 338-339

Author(s):

T. A. Welton

Keyword(s):

Radiation Damage ◽

Coherence Length ◽

Spatial Information ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Coherent Radiation ◽

The State ◽

Energy Spread ◽

Electron Micrograph ◽

Picture Processing ◽

Molecular Skeleton

Various authors have emphasized the spatial information resident in an electron micrograph taken with adequately coherent radiation. In view of the completion of at least one such instrument, this opportunity is taken to summarize the state of the art of processing such micrographs. We use the usual symbols for the aberration coefficients, and supplement these with £ and 6 for the transverse coherence length and the fractional energy spread respectively. He also assume a weak, biologically interesting sample, with principal interest lying in the molecular skeleton remaining after obvious hydrogen loss and other radiation damage has occurred.

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