Computational approaches to cell–nanomaterial interactions: keeping balance between therapeutic efficiency and cytotoxicity

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-ming Ding ◽  
Yu-qiang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Computational Approaches ◽  
Therapeutic Efficiency ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Current State

This review summarizes the state-of-the-art computational approaches for investigating the physical mechanisms of cytotoxicity caused by nanomaterials as well as the current state of design strategies for safe and novel nanomaterials for biomedical applications.

Design strategies toward catalytic materials and cathode structures for emerging Li–CO2 batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (38) ◽  
pp. 21605-21633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjun Hu ◽  
Chaozhu Shu ◽  
Chenxi Xu ◽  
Ranxi Liang ◽  
Jiabao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Catalytic Materials ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Art Design

The state-of-the-art design strategies toward highly active catalytic materials and cathode structures for Li–CO2 batteries are reviewed and discussed.

scholarly journals Biomedical applications of nanobiosensors: the state-of-the-art

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahendra Rai ◽  
Aniket Gade ◽  
Swapnil Gaikwad ◽  
Priscyla D. Marcato ◽  
Nelson Durán
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State

scholarly journals A Guideline for Effectively Synthesizing and Characterizing Magnetic Nanoparticles for Advancing Nanobiotechnology: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Zamani Kouhpanji ◽  
Bethanie J. H. Stadler
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Synthesis Routes ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
Excellent Source ◽  
Source Of Information

The remarkable multimodal functionalities of magnetic nanoparticles, conferred by their size and morphology, are very important in resolving challenges slowing the progression of nanobiotechnology. The rapid and revolutionary expansion of magnetic nanoparticles in nanobiotechnology, especially in nanomedicine and therapeutics, demands an overview of the current state of the art for synthesizing and characterizing magnetic nanoparticles. In this review, we explain the synthesis routes for tailoring the size, morphology, composition, and magnetic properties of the magnetic nanoparticles. The pros and cons of the most popularly used characterization techniques for determining the aforementioned parameters, with particular focus on nanomedicine and biosensing applications, are discussed. Moreover, we provide numerous biomedical applications and highlight their challenges and requirements that must be met using the magnetic nanoparticles to achieve the most effective outcomes. Finally, we conclude this review by providing an insight towards resolving the persisting challenges and the future directions. This review should be an excellent source of information for beginners in this field who are looking for a groundbreaking start but they have been overwhelmed by the volume of literature.

scholarly journals Nano-Communication for Biomedical Applications: A Review on the State-of-the-Art From Physical Layers to Novel Networking Concepts

IEEE Access ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 3920-3935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qammer H. Abbasi ◽  
Ke Yang ◽  
Nishtha Chopra ◽  
Josep Miquel Jornet ◽  
Najah Abed Abuali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Physical Layers

scholarly journals Digital Archiving in Archaeology: The State of the Art. Introduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian D. Richards ◽  
Ulf Jakobsson ◽  
David Novák ◽  
Benjamin Štular ◽  
Holly Wright
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of Archaeology ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Digital Archiving ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

The articles in this special issue demonstrate significant differences in digital archiving capacity in different countries. In part these reflect differences in the history of archaeology in each country, its relationship to the state, whether it is centralised or decentralised, state-led or commercially driven. They also reflect some of the different attitudes to archaeology across the world, most recently explored in a survey conducted under the auspices of the NEARCH project. They reflect a snapshot in time, but our aim is to record the current state-of-the-art in each country, to inform knowledge, stimulate discussion, and to provoke change.

Expanding the Chemical Diversity of DNA

Synlett ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1405-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Hili ◽  
Chun Guo ◽  
Dehui Kong ◽  
Yi Lei
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Molecular Recognition ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Specific Reaction ◽  
Chemical Complexity ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Rich

Nucleic acid polymers can be evolved to exhibit desired properties, including molecular recognition of a molecular target and catalysis of a specific reaction. These properties can be readily evolved despite the dearth of chemical diversity available to nucleic acid polymers, especially when compared to the rich chemical complexity of proteins. Expansion of nucleic acid chemical diversity has therefore been an important thrust for improving their properties for analytical and biomedical applications. Herein, we briefly describe the current state-of-the-art for the sequence-defined incorporation of modifications throughout an evolvable nucleic acid polymer. This includes contributions from our own lab, which have expanded the chemical diversity of nucleic acid polymers closer to the level observed in proteinogenic polymers.1 Introduction2 Polymerase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Modified Nucleic Acid ­Polymers3 Ligase-Catalyzed Oligonucleotide Polymerization (LOOPER)4 LOOPER with Small Modifications5 LOOPER with Large Modifications6 Evolution of Aptamers Derived from LOOPER Libraries7 Outlook

Knowledge-based expert systems — The State of the Art in the US

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hayes-Roth
Keyword(s):  
Expert Systems ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The State ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Us

SummaryThis paper aims to describe the current state of knowledge systems technology and its commercialisation in the US. First, knowledge systems are defined and placed in a historical context. The introduction is concluded with a preview of major ideas. The paper will assess the technological state of the art and will survey the current state of commercialisation. Finally, some anticipated future trends will be discussed.

The Present State of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) Applications and Technologies

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Nicholson ◽  
A. J. Healey
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicle ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Underwater Vehicle ◽  
The State ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Current State ◽  
Do So

AUVs have proved their usefulness in recent years and continue to do so. This paper is a review of the current state of the art of AUVs. Present AUV capabilities are reviewed through a discussion of feasible present-day AUV missions. The state of key AUV design features and sensor technologies is also addressed, identifying those areas most critical to continued future progress in AUV development.

scholarly journals Magnetotactic Bacteria and Magnetosomes: Basic Properties and Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Kamil G. Gareev ◽  
Denis S. Grouzdev ◽  
Petr V. Kharitonskii ◽  
Andrei Kosterov ◽  
Veronika V. Koziaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Rock Magnetism ◽  
Magnetotactic Bacteria ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Current State ◽  
Magnetite Fe3o4 ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Potential Use

Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) belong to several phyla. This class of microorganisms exhibits the ability of magneto-aerotaxis. MTB synthesize biominerals in organelle-like structures called magnetosomes, which contain single-domain crystals of magnetite (Fe3O4) or greigite (Fe3S4) characterized by a high degree of structural and compositional perfection. Magnetosomes from dead MTB could be preserved in sediments (called fossil magnetosomes or magnetofossils). Under certain conditions, magnetofossils are capable of retaining their remanence for millions of years. This accounts for the growing interest in MTB and magnetofossils in paleo- and rock magnetism and in a wider field of biogeoscience. At the same time, high biocompatibility of magnetosomes makes possible their potential use in biomedical applications, including magnetic resonance imaging, hyperthermia, magnetically guided drug delivery, and immunomagnetic analysis. In this review, we attempt to summarize the current state of the art in the field of MTB research and applications.

Integrating Psychology and Theology: Some Reflections on the State of the Art

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary R. Collins
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Future ◽  
Levels Of Integration

Evaluations of the six articles on integration which comprise this issue are provided within a framework formulated to assess the current state of the art of integration. The evaluative elements of the overall framework utilized include: Levels of Integration, Theories of Integration, Varieties of Integration, Personal Approaches to Integration, Issues in Integration, and Practical Emphases in Integration. A concluding section on the Future of Integration places in perspective the tasks which remain, with special emphasis on the need to bring widely-varying viewpoints to bear on our efforts to unify our understanding.

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