Aspects of in vivo endotracheal tube intracuff pressure in cats

Proper ventilation of a patient with an endotracheal tube (ETT) requires proper placement of the ETT. We present a sensitive, noninvasive, operator-free, and cost-effective optical sensor, called Opt-ETT, for the real-time assessment of ETT placement and alerting of the clinical care team should the ETT become displaced. The Opt-ETT uses a side-firing optical fiber, a near-infrared light-emitting diode, two photodetectors with an integrated amplifier, an Arduino board, and a computer loaded with a custom LabVIEW program to monitor the position of the endotracheal tube inside the windpipe. The Opt-ETT generates a visual and audible warning if the tube moves over a distance set by the operator. Displacement prediction is made using a second-order polynomial fit to the voltages measured from each detector. The system is tested on ex vivo porcine tissues, and the accuracy is determined to be better than 1.0 mm. In vivo experiments with a pig are conducted to test the performance and usability of the system.

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Cuffed endotracheal tubes in children: the effect of the size of the cuffed endotracheal tube on intracuff pressure

Pediatric Anesthesia ◽

10.1111/pan.13099 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 494-500 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Senthil G. Krishna ◽

Mumin Hakim ◽

Roby Sebastian ◽

Heather L. Dellinger ◽

Dmitry Tumin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endotracheal Tube ◽

Intracuff Pressure ◽

Endotracheal Tubes ◽

Cuffed Endotracheal Tube

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Effectiveness and safety of endotracheal tube cuffs filled with air versus filled with alkalinized lidocaine: a randomized clinical trial

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/s1516-31802007000600004 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 125 (6) ◽

pp. 322-328 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Lais Helena Camacho Navarro ◽

José Reinaldo Cerqueira Braz ◽

Giane Nakamura ◽

Rodrigo Moreira e Lima ◽

Fredson de Paula e Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endotracheal Tube ◽

Sore Throat ◽

Cuff Pressure ◽

Systolic Arterial Pressure ◽

Tracheal Extubation ◽

Prospective Clinical Study ◽

Intracuff Pressure ◽

Endotracheal Tubes ◽

Oxide Anesthesia ◽

De Medicina

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: High intracuff pressure in endotracheal tubes (ETs) may cause tracheal lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of endotracheal tube cuffs filled with air or with alkalinized lidocaine. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a prospective clinical study at the Department of Anesthesiology, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista. METHODS: Among 50 patients, ET cuff pressures were recorded before, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after starting and upon ending nitrous oxide anesthesia. The patients were randomly allocated to two groups: Air, with ET cuff inflated with air to attain a cuff pressure of 20 cmH2O; and Lido, with ET cuff filled with 2% lidocaine plus 8.4% sodium bicarbonate to attain the same pressure. ET discomfort before tracheal extubation, and sore throat, hoarseness and coughing incidence were studied at the time of discharge from the post-anesthesia care unit, and sore throat and hoarseness were studied 24 hours after anesthesia. RESULTS: Pressures in Lido cuffs were significantly lower than in Air cuffs (p < 0.05). Tracheal complaints were similar for the two groups, except for lower ET discomfort and sore throat incidence after 24 hours and lower systolic arterial pressure at the time of extubation in the Lido group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: ET cuffs filled with alkalinized lidocaine prevented the occurrence of high cuff pressures during N2O anesthesia and reduced ET discomfort and postoperative sore throat incidence. Thus, alkalinized lidocaine-filled ET cuffs seem to be safer than conventional air-filled ET cuffs.

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