The long term effect of age and maternally derived antibodies against foot and mouth disease on the serological response following vaccination in young dairy calves

The present study was performed in the Upazila Veterinary Hospital, Meghna, Comilla during the period from September 2006 to February 2007 to observe the prevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in cattle at Meghna upazila in Comilla. A total of 253 skin diseased cattle head were examined in this study where 109 were males and 144 were females. The prevalence of FMD was 24.51% at Meghna upazila. The effect of age, sex, breed, season and farming system on the incidence rate of the disease was discussed. Seasonal variation on outbreak of this disease was significantly higher. The clinical prevalence of FMD was highest in the month of November (34.69%) and December (36.20%). The males (35.77%) were more susceptible than females (15.97%). The adult cattle (34.18%) were more susceptible compared to heifer (23.43%) and young (09.72%). In breed, 39.18% indigenous breeds and 15.38% crossed breeds were infected by FMD. So, it could be concluded that the rural farming system, adult, male and the indigenous cattle were more susceptible to FMD in winter season. Keywords: Foot and Mouth Disease; Epidemiology; Clinical features; Breed DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v7i2.4741 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 7(2): 317-319, 2009

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The long-term effect of age at school entry on cognitive competencies in adulthood

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization ◽

10.1016/j.jebo.2021.12.009 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 194 ◽

pp. 91-104

Author(s):

Katja Görlitz ◽

Merlin Penny ◽

Marcus Tamm

Keyword(s):

Term Effect ◽

School Entry ◽

Long Term Effect ◽

Cognitive Competencies ◽

Effect Of Age

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Influence of temperature and humidity on hand, foot, and mouth disease in Guangzhou, 2013–2017

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060520929895 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (6) ◽

pp. 030006052092989

Author(s):

Chun Chen ◽

Qinqin Jiang ◽

Zhuangzhi Song ◽

Yilan Li ◽

Hui Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Pattern ◽

Foot And Mouth Disease ◽

Mouth Disease ◽

Distributed Lag ◽

Foot And Mouth ◽

Temperature And Humidity ◽

Low Humidity ◽

Long Term Trends ◽

Public Health Strategies

Objective To explore associations between temperature, humidity and hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) incidence in Guangzhou, China from 2013 to 2017. Methods A distributed lag non-linear model was applied to estimate the effects of daily temperature and humidity on HFMD incidence after adjusting for long-term trends, seasonal trends, and day of the week. Results In total, 353,431 confirmed HFMD cases were reported in Guangzhou over the study period. A bimodal seasonal pattern was observed. High temperatures had acute short-term effects on HFMD incidence that declined quickly over time. The effects of low humidity declined over lag periods, but increased when the humidity surpassed 60.5%. Temperature and humidity were both inversely associated with HFMD incidence during lag days 0 to 3 and with lag periods Conclusions Temperature and humidity play important roles in HFMD incidence. These data are important for developing public health strategies.

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