scholarly journals Influence of temperature and humidity on hand, foot, and mouth disease in Guangzhou, 2013–2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 030006052092989
Author(s):  
Chun Chen ◽  
Qinqin Jiang ◽  
Zhuangzhi Song ◽  
Yilan Li ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Low Humidity ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Public Health Strategies

Objective To explore associations between temperature, humidity and hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) incidence in Guangzhou, China from 2013 to 2017. Methods A distributed lag non-linear model was applied to estimate the effects of daily temperature and humidity on HFMD incidence after adjusting for long-term trends, seasonal trends, and day of the week. Results In total, 353,431 confirmed HFMD cases were reported in Guangzhou over the study period. A bimodal seasonal pattern was observed. High temperatures had acute short-term effects on HFMD incidence that declined quickly over time. The effects of low humidity declined over lag periods, but increased when the humidity surpassed 60.5%. Temperature and humidity were both inversely associated with HFMD incidence during lag days 0 to 3 and with lag periods Conclusions Temperature and humidity play important roles in HFMD incidence. These data are important for developing public health strategies.

Cationic microparticle [poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)]-coated DNA vaccination induces a long-term immune response against foot and mouth disease in guinea pigs

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotla S. Reddy ◽  
Brabhi R. Rashmi ◽  
Hosur J. Dechamma ◽  
Susarla Gopalakrishna ◽  
N. Banumathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Dna Vaccination ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Foot And Mouth

scholarly journals Identifying pre-outbreak signals of hand, foot and mouth disease based on landscape dynamic network marker

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuhang Zhang ◽  
Rong Xie ◽  
Zhengrong Liu ◽  
Yucong Pan ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Landscape Dynamic ◽  
Clinic Visits

Abstract Background The high incidence, seasonal pattern and frequent outbreaks of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) represent a threat for billions of children around the world. Detecting pre-outbreak signals of HFMD facilitates the timely implementation of appropriate control measures. However, real-time prediction of HFMD outbreaks is usually challenging because of its complexity intertwining both biological systems and social systems. Results By mining the dynamical information from city networks and horizontal high-dimensional data, we developed the landscape dynamic network marker (L-DNM) method to detect pre-outbreak signals prior to the catastrophic transition into HFMD outbreaks. In addition, we set up multi-level early warnings to achieve the purpose of distinguishing the outbreak scale. Specifically, we collected the historical information of clinic visits caused by HFMD infection between years 2009 and 2018 respectively from public records of Tokyo, Hokkaido, and Osaka, Japan. When applied to the city networks we modelled, our method successfully identified pre-outbreak signals in an average 5 weeks ahead of the HFMD outbreak. Moreover, from the performance comparisons with other methods, it is seen that the L-DNM based system performs better when given only the records of clinic visits. Conclusions The study on the dynamical changes of clinic visits in local district networks reveals the dynamic or landscapes of HFMD spread at the network level. Moreover, the results of this study can be used as quantitative references for disease control during the HFMD outbreak seasons.

scholarly journals Associations between ambient air pollution and daily incidence of pediatric hand, foot and mouth disease in Ningbo, 2014–2016: a distributed lag nonlinear model

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaohua Gu ◽  
Decheng Li ◽  
Beibei Lu ◽  
Ruixue Huang ◽  
Guozhang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Abstract Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) has high prevalence around the world, with serious consequences for children. Due to the long survival period of HFMD virus in ambient air, air pollutants may play a critical role in HFMD epidemics. We collected data on daily cases of HFMD among children aged 0–14 years in Ningbo City between 2014 and 2016. Distributed lag nonlinear models were used to assess the effects of particulate matter (PM2.5), sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) on the daily incidence of HFMD among children, with analyses stratified by gender and age. Compared with moderate levels of air pollution, high SO2 levels had a relative risk (RR) of 2.32 (95% CI 1.42–3.79) and high NO2 levels had a RR of 2.01 (95% CI 1.22–3.31). The RR of O3 was 2.12 (95% CI 1.47–3.05) and that of PM2.5 was 0.77 (95% CI 0.64–0.92) at moderate levels of air pollution. Specifically, high levels of SO2 and NO2 had RRs of 2.39 (95% CI 1.44–3.96) and 2.02 (95% CI 1.21–3.39), respectively, among 0–4-year-old children, while high O3 had an RR of 2.31 (95% CI 1.09–4.89) among 5–14-year-old children. Our findings suggest significant associations of high SO2 and NO2 levels and moderate O3 levels in HFMD epidemics, and also indicate that air pollution causes lagged effects on HFMD epidemics. Our study provides practical and useful data for targeted prevention and control of HMFD based on environmental evidence.

scholarly journals Genetic stability of foot-and-mouth disease virus during long-term infections in natural hosts

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e0190977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisbeth Ramirez-Carvajal ◽  
Steven J. Pauszek ◽  
Zaheer Ahmed ◽  
Umer Farooq ◽  
Khalid Naeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Genetic Stability ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Natural Hosts

scholarly journals The association between diurnal temperature range and childhood hand, foot, and mouth disease: a distributed lag non-linear analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (15) ◽  
pp. 3264-3273 ◽  
Author(s):  
FEI YIN ◽  
YUE MA ◽  
XING ZHAO ◽  
QIANG LV ◽  
YAQIONG LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Diurnal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Risk Estimates ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Foot And Mouth

SUMMARYIn recent years, hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) has been increasingly recognized as a critical challenge to disease control and prevention in China. Previous studies have found that meteorological factors such as mean temperature and relative humidity were associated with HFMD. However, little is known about whether the diurnal temperature range (DTR) has any impact on HFMD. This study aimed to quantify the impact of DTR on childhood HFMD in 18 cities in Sichuan Province. A distributed lag non-linear model was adopted to explore the temporal lagged association of daily temperature with age-, gender- and pathogen-specific HFMD. A total of 290 123 HFMD cases aged 0–14 years were reported in the 18 cities in Sichuan Province. The DTR–HFMD relationships were non-linear in all subgroups. Children aged 6–14 years and male children were more vulnerable to the temperature changes. Large DTR had the higher risk estimates of HFMD incidence in cases of EV71 infection, while small DTR had the higher risk estimates of HFMD incidence in cases of CV-A16 infection. Our study suggested that DTR played an important role in the transmission of HFMD with non-linear and delayed effects.

scholarly journals Epidemics and aetiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Xiamen, China, from 2008 to 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (9) ◽  
pp. 1865-1874 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Z. HE ◽  
M. Y. CHEN ◽  
X. R. XU ◽  
Q. YAN ◽  
J. J. NIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterovirus 71 ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Diagnostic Assays ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Epidemic Prediction ◽  
Viral Protein 1

SUMMARYOver the past 8 years, human enteroviruses (HEVs) have caused 27 227 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Xiamen, including 99 severe cases and six deaths. We aimed to explore the molecular epidemiology of HFMD in Xiamen to inform the development of diagnostic assays, vaccines and other interventions. From January 2009 to September 2015, 5866 samples from sentinel hospitals were tested using nested reverse transcription PCR that targeted the HEV 5′ untranslated region and viral protein 1 region. Of these samples, 4290 were tested positive for HEV and the amplicons were sequenced and genotyped. Twenty-two genotypes were identified. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackieviruses A16, A6 and A10 (CA16, CA6 and CA10) were the most common genotypes, and there were no changes in the predominant lineages of these genotypes. EV71 became the most predominant genotype every 2 years. From 2013, CA6 replaced CA16 as one of the two most common genotypes. The results demonstrate the vast diversity of HFMD pathogens, and that minor genotypes are able to replace major genotypes. We recommend carrying-out long-term monitoring of the full spectrum of HFMD pathogens, which could facilitate epidemic prediction and the development of diagnostic assays and vaccines.

scholarly journals Development of a Potent Stabilizer for Long-Term Storage of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Antigens

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Ah-Young Kim ◽  
Hyejin Kim ◽  
Sun Young Park ◽  
Sang Hyun Park ◽  
Jae-Seok Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Structural Instability ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Candidate Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Antigen ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Vaccine Antigens ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Term Storage

A local virus isolate, O/SKR/JC/2014 (O JC), has been considered as a candidate vaccine strain in the development of a domestic foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine in Korea. However, producing and preserving a sufficient quantity of intact vaccine antigens from the O JC strain was difficult owing to its distinctive structural instability compared to other candidate vaccine strains. Based on this feature, the O JC strain was adopted as a model virus for the stabilization study to determine the optimal stabilizer composition, which enables long-term storage of the FMD vaccine antigen in both aqueous and frozen phases. In contrast to O JC vaccine antigens stored in routinely used Tris-buffered or phosphate-buffered saline, those stored in Tris-KCl buffer showed extended shelf-life at both 4 °C and −70 °C. Additionally, the combined application of 10% sucrose and 5% lactalbumin hydrolysate could protect O JC 146S particles from massive structural breakdown in an aqueous state for up to one year. The stabilizer composition was also effective for other FMDV strains, including serotypes A and Asia 1. With this stabilizer composition, FMD vaccine antigens could be flexibly preserved during the general production process, pending status under refrigeration and banking under ultrafreezing.

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