Babesia canis and Babesia rossi co-infection in an untraveled Nigerian dog

2010 ◽  
Vol 173 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 334-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Kamani ◽  
Abdulrahim Sannusi ◽  
A. Goni Dogo ◽  
James T. Tanko ◽  
Kinsley O. Egwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Babesia Canis ◽  
Babesia Rossi

scholarly journals Genetic Detection and Phylogenetic Relationship of Babesia Species Infecting Domestic Dogs from Select Regions in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Thoya Ngoka ◽  
Kevin Mbogo ◽  
Martina Kyallo ◽  
David Obiero ◽  
Roger Pelle
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Babesia Canis ◽  
Canine Babesiosis ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Babesia Vogeli ◽  
Babesia Rossi

Abstract The genus Babesia has more than 100 species that are transmitted by ticks with some being zoonotic. They can infect humans, livestock, and wildlife. Although canine babesiosis occurs locally, published studies on the species involved are limited. Babesia parasites cause severe disease in dogs which can be fatal. Drawbacks of the current control methods necessitate vaccine development. The study objective was to identify the Babesia species infecting dogs from three Kenyan counties; Nairobi, Mombasa, Nakuru and determine their phylogenetic relationship. This will enable improved control and rule out zoonotic potential. The study period was October 2018 to November 2019.The study design was descriptive and sampling opportunistic. One hundred and forty-three dogs were sampled. From whole blood, total DNA was extracted using the TanBead extractor followed by PCR amplification targeting Babesia 18S rRNA. Positive samples were purified and sequenced using the Sanger Dideoxy method.CLC Genomics Workbench, GenBank™ and BLASTn™ on NCBI were used for sequence processing and analysis. Geneious prime™ was used for multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. The overall prevalence of Babesia canis was 9.0% (95% CI: 4.37–13.81). Two out of 13 positive samples (2/13) were identified as Babesia canis vogeli, with a prevalence of 1.4% (95% CI: 1.38–14.2, n = 143) while 11/13 were identified as Babesia canis rossi, with a prevalence of 7.69% (95% CI: 3.3–12, n = 143). The Babesia rossi sequences identified were closely related to sequences from black-backed jackals, while the Babesia vogeli ones were related to sequences from a pet cat in China. Babesia rossi which causes severe canine babesiosis was identified in 84.6% of the positive samples, immediate and aggressive clinical intervention is necessary. The possible sylvatic cycle of Babesia rossi and low levels of infections by Babesia vogeli should inform pertinent control measures.

scholarly journals Genetic Detection and Phylogenetic Relationship of Babesia Species Infecting Domestic Dogs from Select Regions in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Thoya Ngoka ◽  
Kevin Mbogo ◽  
Martina Kyallo ◽  
David Obiero ◽  
Roger Pelle
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Babesia Canis ◽  
Babesia Rossi

Abstract The Babesia genus has more than 100 species which are transmitted by ticks and infects humans, livestock and wildlife, some of which are zoonotic. New species continue being discovered which are poorly characterized. Locally, Babesia species occur in wildlife and livestock. Published literature on the species infecting dogs is limited.Local management practices enable close interaction between wildlife, livestock and humans. The societal role of dogs enable them serve as conduits for pathogens.Canine babesiosis causes a severe disease in dogs which can be fatal. Treatment required is lengthy and expensive. Current control methods rely on acaricide use. A vaccine against the disease is needed. Genetic characterization of local canine Babesia species would lay foundations for such development and assess any zoonotic potential.Molecular and bioinformatic methods i.e. DNA extraction (143 dogs sampled), PCR, sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were used in the study.13 samples were positive for Babesia canis; prevalence 9.0%, 95% confidence interval, (0.0437 to 0.1381).From the 13 positive samples, 2 were identified as Babesia canis vogeli; prevalence 1.4%, 95% confidence interval, (0.0138 to 0.142).While 11 were identified as Babesia canis rossi; prevalence 7.69%, 95% confidence interval, (0.033 to 0.12).Babesia rossi and Babesia vogeli were 84.6% and 15.4% of cases respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the Kenyan B.rossi sequences to be closely related to B.rossi sequences from black-backed jackals. The B.vogeli sequences were closely related to a B.vogeli sequence obtained from a pet cat in China.Babesia rossi is known to cause the most severe form of canine babesiosis, 84.6% of the cases were positive for this parasite which requires immediate and aggressive medical intervention. The role of wildlife in the maintenance of the parasites especially B.rossi was noted, control measures would of necessity have to incorporate this component of the parasite lifecycle.

The Mechanism of Erythroblast Denucleation

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 48-49
Author(s):  
Charles F. Simpson ◽  
J. W. Carlisle ◽  
J. M. Kling
Keyword(s):  
Babesia Canis ◽  
Phenyl Hydrazine ◽  
Principal Mechanism

It is not known whether loss of nuclei from erythroblasts occurs by extrusion or by karyolysis, or both. In this study, blood from anemic dogs was utilized. Dogs were anemic as a result of severe parasitism with a hematozoic parasite, Babesia canis, or were made anemic by treating them with phenyl hydrazine hydrochloride.The mechanism of denucleation was the same in both types of anemia investigated. It was found that extrusion was the principal mechanism of denucleation from the erythroblast. However, probably karyolysis also occurred occasionally, prior to extrusion.

Investigation of Tickborne Pathogens within Naturally Infected Brown Dog Tick (Ixodidae: Rhipicephalus Sanguineus) in Egypt by Light and Electron Microscopy

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Babesia Canis ◽  
Brown Dog Tick ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dog Tick ◽  
Theileria Spp

Tick borne pathogens present a significant health challenge to animals and human because a single tick may transmit multiple pathogens to a mammalian host during feeding. The present study detected tick-borne pathogens from pet dogs. A total of 666 ticks were collected from 144 pet and sheltered dogs in Egypt from April to September 2018. For hemolymph, midgut and salivary gland smears 546 ticks were used as well as 360 egg smears from 120 female tick were examined by light microscope. The infected ticks were prepared for transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ticks were identified; Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Light microscopy showed infection rates of 44.69%, 68.50% & 15.75%, in hemolymph, midgut and salivary gland, respectively. H. canis recorded the highest rates in hemolymph and midgut (35.89% & 49.82%, respectively), but Theileria spp. was the lowest (0.73% & 2.93%, respectively). In salivary gland smears, Babesia canis. was detected in 13.55% and Theileria spp. in 1.83%. Mixed infection in same tick was recorded in 4.76% &0.37% in midgut and salivary gland smears, respectively. Babesia canis stages were recovered from 15% of egg smears. R. sanguineus was natural infected by Babesia, Theileria, Hepatozoon and Anaplasma phagocytophilum as well as mixed infections of protozoa accompanied by a complicated sign of diseases and failure in accurate diagnosis.

Etude du portage asymptomatique de Babesia canis en zone d'enzootie

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wlosniewski ◽  
M.A. Leriche ◽  
C. Chavigny ◽  
P. Ulmer ◽  
V. Donnay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Babesia Canis

scholarly journals Detection of Babesia canis rossi, B. canis vogeli, and Hepatozoon canis in Dogs in a Village of Eastern Sudan by Using a Screening PCR and Sequencing Methodologies

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1343-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maremichi Oyamada ◽  
Bernard Davoust ◽  
Mickaël Boni ◽  
Jacques Dereure ◽  
Bruno Bucheton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Hepatozoon Canis ◽  
Babesia Canis ◽  
Eastern Sudan

ABSTRACT Babesia and Hepatozoon infections of dogs in a village of eastern Sudan were analyzed by using a single PCR and sequencing. Among 78 dogs, 5 were infected with Babesia canis rossi and 2 others were infected with B. canis vogeli. Thirty-three dogs were positive for Hepatozoon. Hepatozoon canis was detected by sequence analysis.

Serological evidence for Babesia canis infection of horses and an endemic focus of B. caballi in Hungary

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hornok ◽  
Renate Edelhofer ◽  
G. Földvári ◽  
Anja Joachim ◽  
R. Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Elisa ◽  
Babesia Canis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Serological Evidence ◽  
Babesia Caballi ◽  
Seropositivity Rate ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Endemic Focus ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Level 1

In order to evaluate the seroconversion of horses to Babesia caballi and B. canis in Hungary, blood samples were collected from 371 animals on 23 different locations of the country. The presence of antibodies to B. caballi was screened with a competitive ELISA. All 29 positive samples came from one region (the Hortobágy). The prevalence of infection did not show correlation with sexes, and reached 100% in the age group of 2–5 years. Babesia canis -specific antibodies were demonstrated by IFAT in 6.74% of animals kept in 7 regions. The titres were low or medium level (1:40 to 1:160), indicating that the horses had previously been exposed to this piroplasm, but their infection must have been limited. The highest seropositivity rate was observed in the age group of 3–4 years, and males (stallions and geldings) were significantly more frequently infected than females. However, neither B. caballi nor B. canis could be identified in the peripheral blood samples of infected horses by PCR. Since most of the B. caballi -positive horses remained negative in the B. canis IFAT, whereas seroconversion solely to B. canis was detected in several regions of the country, serological cross-reaction between the two species can be discounted. This is the first serological evidence of horses being naturally infected with B. canis , supporting the view that piroplasms are less host specific than previously thought.

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