Detection of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies in sylvatic lagomorphs from an epidemic area of Madrid using the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test

ABSTRACT The most frequently used diagnostic methods were compared in a longitudinal survey with Leishmania infantum-infected asymptomatic dogs from an area of Italy where leishmaniasis is endemic. In February and March 2005, 845 asymptomatic dogs were tested by an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), a dipstick assay (DS), and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for L. infantum and by IFAT for Ehrlichia canis. Dogs seronegative for L. infantum were further parasitologically evaluated by microscopic examination of lymph node tissues and PCR of skin samples. A total of 204 animals both serologically and parasitologically negative for L. infantum at the first sampling were enrolled in the trial and were further examined for canine leishmaniasis (CanL) and canine monocytic ehrlichiosis in November 2005 (i.e., the end of the first sandfly season) and March 2006 and 2007 (1- and 2-year follow-ups, respectively). At the initial screening, the overall rates of L. infantum seroprevalence were 9.5% by IFAT, 17.1% by ELISA, and 9.8% by DS and the overall rate of E. canis seroprevalence was 15%. The rates of concordance between the results of IFAT and DS were almost equal, whereas the rate of concordance between the results of IFAT and DS and those of the ELISA was lower. The results of the annual incidence of Leishmania infection were variable, depending on the test employed, with the highest values registered for PCR (i.e., 5.7% and 11.4% at the 1- and 2-year follow-ups, respectively), followed by ELISA, IFAT, and DS. Over the 2 years of observation, 55 animals (i.e., 26.9%) became positive for L. infantum by one or more diagnostic tests at different follow-up times, with 12.7% showing clinical signs related to CanL, while the remaining 87.3% were asymptomatic. A diagnostic scheme for assessment of the L. infantum infection status in asymptomatic dogs is suggested.

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Prevalence of specific anti-Cryptosporidium IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies in cat sera using an indirect immunofluorescence antibody test

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/0304-4017(94)00749-3 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 60 (1-2) ◽

pp. 37-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M.M.A. Mtambo ◽

A.S. Nash ◽

S.E. Wright ◽

H.V. Smith ◽

D.A. Blewett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Iga Antibodies ◽

Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽

Immunofluorescence Antibody

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Naturally acquired Lawsonia intracellularis infection in pigs studied from weaning to slaughter by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test and polymerase chain reaction on faeces

Research in Veterinary Science ◽

10.1016/j.rvsc.2004.08.001 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 79 (2) ◽

pp. 93-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

T.K. Jensen ◽

H. Vigre ◽

V. Sørensen ◽

K. Møller

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Lawsonia Intracellularis ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽

Immunofluorescence Antibody

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Immunotyping ofChlamydia psittaciby Indirect Immunofluorescence Antibody Test with Monoclonal Antibodies

Microbiology and Immunology ◽

10.1111/j.1348-0421.1988.tb01385.x ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 251-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Tatsufumi Takahashi ◽

Ikuo Takashima ◽

Nobuo Hashimoto

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽

Immunofluorescence Antibody

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Evaluation of the NovaLisa™ Leishmania Infantum IgG ELISA in A Reference Diagnostic Laboratory in A Non-Endemic Country

Antibodies ◽

10.3390/antib8010020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christen Stensvold ◽

Amalie Høst ◽

Salem Belkessa ◽

Henrik Nielsen

Keyword(s):

Western Blot ◽

Leishmania Infantum ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Diagnostic Laboratory ◽

Cost Effective Alternative ◽

Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽

Immunofluorescence Antibody

Anti-Leishmania antibodies may be detectable in patients with leishmaniasis. Here, we compared a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies, with an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) that is no longer commercially available. Eighty-six serum samples from 73 patients were tested. The results obtained by the NovaLisa™ Leishmania infantum IgG ELISA, interpreted according to the instructions of the manufacturer, but with a modified cut-off for borderline positive values, were compared with the IFAT results that were already available. Moreover, Leishmania Western blot IgG results were available for 43 of the samples. The overall concordance of ELISA and IFAT was 67%. The ELISA and IFAT tests scored as 24% and 15% of the samples being positive, respectively, while 13% and 33% scored as borderline-positive, respectively. Using a Western blot (WB) as the reference, the sensitivities and specificities for the positive plus borderline-positive samples combined was 95.5% (95% confidence interval (CI), 77.2–99.9%) and 81.0% (95% CI, 58.1–94.6%) for ELISA, and 95.5% (95% CI, 77.2–99.9%) and 42.9% (95% CI, 21.8–66.0%) for IFAT, respectively. Overall, the ELISA proved to be a cost-effective alternative to the IFAT, due to its higher accuracy and specificity, and with a consequently lower number of confirmatory WB tests being required. Lastly, we also present data on the associations between seroconversion and the type of leishmaniasis.

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