Infection route of rice grassy stunt virus, a tenuivirus, in the body of its brown planthopper vector, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) after ingestion of virus

AbstractThe brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens is a serious phloem-feeding pest of rice in China. The current study focuses on a saccharopine dehydrogenase (SDH) that catalyzes the penultimate reaction in biosynthesis of the amino acid lysine (Lys), which plays a role in insect growth and carnitine production (as a substrate). The protein, provisionally designated as NlylsSDH [a SDH derived from yeast-like symbiont (YLS) in N. lugens], had a higher transcript level in abdomens, compared with heads, wings, legs and thoraces, which agrees with YLS distribution in N. lugens. Ingestion of Nlylssdh targeted double-stranded RNA (dsNlylssdh) for 5, 10 and 15 days decreased the mRNA abundance in the hoppers by 47, 70 and 31%, respectively, comparing with those ingesting normal or dsegfp diets. Nlylssdh knockdown slightly decreased the body weights, significantly delayed the development of females, and killed approximately 30% of the nymphs. Moreover, some surviving adults showed two apparent phenotypic defects: wing deformation and nymphal cuticles remained on tips of the legs and abdomens. The brachypterours/macropterours and sex ratios (female/male) of the adults on the dsRNA diet were lowered compared with the adults on diets without dsRNA. These results suggest that Nlylssdh encodes a functional SDH protein. The adverse effect of Nlylssdh knockdown on N. lugens implies the importance of Lys in hopper development. This study provides a proof of concept example that Nlylssdh could serve as a possible dsRNA-based pesticide for planthopper control.

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Proportion of Viruliferous Immigrants of the Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens STAL (Hemiptera : Delphacidae)Transmitting Rice Grassy Stunt Virus during 1979-1983

Applied Entomology and Zoology ◽

10.1303/aez.19.257 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 257-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jutaro HIRAO ◽

Hitoshi INOUE ◽

Shingo OYA

Keyword(s):

Brown Planthopper ◽

Nilaparvata Lugens ◽

Rice Grassy Stunt Virus ◽

Nilaparvata Lugens Stål

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Effects of Different Nutritional Conditions on the Growth and Reproduction of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.794721 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Kui Kang ◽

Youjun Cai ◽

Lei Yue ◽

Wenqing Zhang

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Concentration ◽

Fat Body ◽

Brown Planthopper ◽

Total Lipid Content ◽

Nilaparvata Lugens ◽

The Body ◽

Nutritional Deficiencies ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

Nutritional Conditions ◽

Growth And Reproduction

Growth and reproduction are the two most basic life processes of organisms and the distribution of energy in these processes is a core issue of the life history of organisms. Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), the brown planthopper (BPH), is a single-feeding rice pest. In the present study, this species was used as a model for testing the effects of nutritional conditions on various growth and reproduction indicators. First, the third-instar nymphs were fed with three different concentrations (100, 50, and 25%) of artificial diet until the second day of adulthood. The results showed that as the nutrient concentration decreased, the body development and oviposition of BPH were hindered. The total lipid content in the fat bodies was also significantly reduced. RT-PCR analysis showed compared to the 100% concentration group, the expression levels of vitellogenin (Vg) genes in the fifth-instar nymphs, adults, and in different tissues (ovary, fat body, and other tissues) were significantly decreased in the 50 and 25% treatment groups. Western blot analysis showed that Vg protein expression was highest in the 100% group, followed by the 50% group, with no expression in the 25% group. These results indicate that growth and reproduction in the BPH are regulated by, or correlated with, nutrient concentration. This study is of great significance as it reveals the adaptive strategies of the BPH to nutritional deficiencies and it also provides valuable information for the comprehensive control of this pest.

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